基于dSPACE的PMSM直接轉(zhuǎn)矩控制研究
發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-07-31 09:27
【摘要】：永磁同步電機(jī)因其運(yùn)行效率高,功率密度大等優(yōu)點(diǎn)在工業(yè)生產(chǎn)中得到廣泛應(yīng)用,在軌道交通尤其是蓬勃發(fā)展的電動(dòng)汽車中常常被選擇作為驅(qū)動(dòng)電機(jī)。直接轉(zhuǎn)矩控制技術(shù)作為最重要的兩大交流調(diào)速技術(shù)之一,具有動(dòng)態(tài)性能優(yōu)異、控制系統(tǒng)簡(jiǎn)單,魯棒性強(qiáng)等特點(diǎn),自出現(xiàn)以來就成為電機(jī)控制的熱門技術(shù)。由基于模型的設(shè)計(jì)發(fā)展而來,作為汽車行業(yè)先進(jìn)技術(shù)的V流程開發(fā)模式能極大的縮小產(chǎn)品開發(fā)周期,提高效率。本文使用能實(shí)現(xiàn)V流程開發(fā)的dSPACE半實(shí)物仿真系統(tǒng)用于面貼式永磁同步電機(jī)直接轉(zhuǎn)矩控制和性能優(yōu)化的研究。本文分析了永磁同步電機(jī)的結(jié)構(gòu)、控制策略的歷史和研究熱點(diǎn)難點(diǎn)。研究了永磁同步電機(jī)直接轉(zhuǎn)矩控制技術(shù)的基本原理和實(shí)現(xiàn)方式,并利用MATLAB/Simulink搭建了PMSM-DTC模型,進(jìn)行了仿真研究。直接轉(zhuǎn)矩控制無需電流解耦,直接控制轉(zhuǎn)矩的特點(diǎn)使得電機(jī)的動(dòng)態(tài)響應(yīng)非常迅速,并且其無需轉(zhuǎn)子位置,不用位置傳感器,使得控制系統(tǒng)的結(jié)構(gòu)簡(jiǎn)單,也降低了成本。研究了V流程開發(fā)模式的概念和實(shí)現(xiàn)方式,闡述了dSPACE半實(shí)物仿真平臺(tái)的工作方式,為研究電機(jī)控制而利用dSPACE搭建了永磁同步電機(jī)控制平臺(tái),利用該平臺(tái)完成了PMSM-DTC實(shí)驗(yàn),仿真和實(shí)驗(yàn)均證明直接轉(zhuǎn)矩控制優(yōu)異的動(dòng)態(tài)性能。分析了傳統(tǒng)永磁同步電機(jī)直接轉(zhuǎn)矩控制下轉(zhuǎn)矩波動(dòng)和磁鏈波動(dòng)產(chǎn)生的原因,指出傳統(tǒng)直接轉(zhuǎn)矩控制滯環(huán)環(huán)節(jié)的本質(zhì)是BANG-BANG控制,轉(zhuǎn)矩波動(dòng)和磁鏈波動(dòng)不可避免。探究了常用的抑制波動(dòng)的方法,研究了基于占空比調(diào)制的直接轉(zhuǎn)矩控制技術(shù)和常用的占空比計(jì)算方式,分析了利用兩段軌跡斜率計(jì)算占空比的優(yōu)缺點(diǎn)。為簡(jiǎn)化占空比計(jì)算并綜合考慮轉(zhuǎn)矩波動(dòng)和磁鏈波動(dòng),提出了一種改進(jìn)的占空比計(jì)算方法,該方法使每個(gè)控制周期的初始轉(zhuǎn)矩誤差和磁鏈誤差參與計(jì)算,并且充分利用了零矢量減小轉(zhuǎn)矩的特性,給出了詳細(xì)的計(jì)算過程,通過仿真和實(shí)驗(yàn)證明了該方法能有效抑制轉(zhuǎn)矩波動(dòng)和磁鏈波動(dòng)。
[Abstract]:Permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) is widely used in industrial production because of its high operating efficiency and high power density. It is often chosen as the driving motor in rail transit especially in the booming electric vehicles. As one of the two most important AC speed regulation technologies, direct torque control (DTC) technology has become a hot technology of motor control since its emergence, because of its excellent dynamic performance, simple control system and strong robustness. From the development of model-based design, as the advanced technology of automobile industry, the V process development model can greatly reduce the product development cycle and improve efficiency. In this paper, the dSPACE hardware-in-the-loop simulation system, which can realize V process development, is used to study the direct torque control and performance optimization of surface mount permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM). In this paper, the structure of PMSM, the history of control strategy and the research hotspot are analyzed. The basic principle and realization of direct torque control (DTC) technology for PMSM are studied. The PMSM-DTC model is built by using MATLAB/Simulink, and the simulation is carried out. Direct torque control (DTC) does not require current decoupling, and the characteristics of DTC torque make the dynamic response of motor very fast, and it does not need rotor position or position sensor, which makes the structure of the control system simple and the cost reduced. This paper studies the concept and realization of V process development mode, expounds the working mode of dSPACE hardware-in-the-loop simulation platform, builds a permanent magnet synchronous motor control platform using dSPACE to study motor control, and completes the PMSM-DTC experiment by using this platform. Simulation and experiments show that direct torque control has excellent dynamic performance. The causes of torque ripple and flux ripple under direct torque control of traditional permanent magnet synchronous motor are analyzed. It is pointed out that the essence of hysteresis link of traditional direct torque control is BANG-BANG control, and torque and flux fluctuation are inevitable. This paper probes into the common methods of wave suppression, studies the direct torque control technology based on duty cycle modulation and the common duty cycle calculation method, and analyzes the advantages and disadvantages of using two-segment trajectory slope to calculate duty cycle. In order to simplify the duty cycle calculation and consider the torque fluctuation and flux fluctuation, an improved duty cycle calculation method is proposed, in which the initial torque error and flux chain error of each control cycle are calculated. The characteristic of reducing torque with zero vector is fully utilized, and the detailed calculation process is given. The simulation and experiment show that the method can effectively suppress the torque ripple and flux ripple.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：天津理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：TM341
[Abstract]:Permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) is widely used in industrial production because of its high operating efficiency and high power density. It is often chosen as the driving motor in rail transit especially in the booming electric vehicles. As one of the two most important AC speed regulation technologies, direct torque control (DTC) technology has become a hot technology of motor control since its emergence, because of its excellent dynamic performance, simple control system and strong robustness. From the development of model-based design, as the advanced technology of automobile industry, the V process development model can greatly reduce the product development cycle and improve efficiency. In this paper, the dSPACE hardware-in-the-loop simulation system, which can realize V process development, is used to study the direct torque control and performance optimization of surface mount permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM). In this paper, the structure of PMSM, the history of control strategy and the research hotspot are analyzed. The basic principle and realization of direct torque control (DTC) technology for PMSM are studied. The PMSM-DTC model is built by using MATLAB/Simulink, and the simulation is carried out. Direct torque control (DTC) does not require current decoupling, and the characteristics of DTC torque make the dynamic response of motor very fast, and it does not need rotor position or position sensor, which makes the structure of the control system simple and the cost reduced. This paper studies the concept and realization of V process development mode, expounds the working mode of dSPACE hardware-in-the-loop simulation platform, builds a permanent magnet synchronous motor control platform using dSPACE to study motor control, and completes the PMSM-DTC experiment by using this platform. Simulation and experiments show that direct torque control has excellent dynamic performance. The causes of torque ripple and flux ripple under direct torque control of traditional permanent magnet synchronous motor are analyzed. It is pointed out that the essence of hysteresis link of traditional direct torque control is BANG-BANG control, and torque and flux fluctuation are inevitable. This paper probes into the common methods of wave suppression, studies the direct torque control technology based on duty cycle modulation and the common duty cycle calculation method, and analyzes the advantages and disadvantages of using two-segment trajectory slope to calculate duty cycle. In order to simplify the duty cycle calculation and consider the torque fluctuation and flux fluctuation, an improved duty cycle calculation method is proposed, in which the initial torque error and flux chain error of each control cycle are calculated. The characteristic of reducing torque with zero vector is fully utilized, and the detailed calculation process is given. The simulation and experiment show that the method can effectively suppress the torque ripple and flux ripple.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：天津理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：TM341
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