【摘要】：隨著風電大規(guī)模發(fā)展,風電裝機容量占比逐步提高,其中技術成熟、成本較低的雙饋機型占有較大市場份額。電網(wǎng)電能質(zhì)量問題,尤其是電壓跌落,將對雙饋機組的運行造成較大影響,甚至脫網(wǎng)。這將成為電力系統(tǒng)安全穩(wěn)定運行的較大隱患。為減小電壓諧波、電壓跌落與驟升、電壓不平衡等電能質(zhì)量問題對雙饋電機(DFIG)風電系統(tǒng)的影響,本文提出一種應用于雙饋風電系統(tǒng)的九開關型統(tǒng)一電能質(zhì)量調(diào)節(jié)器(UPQC)方案。九開關變換器是背靠背變換器的演化結(jié)構(gòu),通過開關管的共用關系將原來的十二個開關管減少為九個。一定程度上減小了驅(qū)動電路、保護電路的復雜程度,提高了變換器的功率密度。通過合理的驅(qū)動脈沖調(diào)制方法,可以實現(xiàn)兩個輸出端口的獨立控制。UPQC方案以電壓補償?shù)姆绞綄崿F(xiàn)DFIG柔性故障穿越,暫態(tài)性能優(yōu)良,同時可對諧波電壓和諧波電流進行治理,功能全面,設備利用率高。本文研究了九開關變換器由于共用開關元件而造成的制約關系,在此基礎上設計兩通道可以獨立控制的調(diào)制方法;以九開關變換器為換流電路,確定含有雙饋機組的UPQC拓撲結(jié)構(gòu);在對設備電壓、電流補償單元運算電路建模的基礎上,給出相應的控制策略;按照電網(wǎng)工況,設定諧波電流補償、輕度電壓補償、重度電壓補償三種工作模式,優(yōu)化UPQC的運行方案;最后,通過仿真和試驗驗證了所提方案的可行性。文中為解決九開關變換器直流側(cè)電壓偏高的問題,提出了優(yōu)先保障重要功能的動態(tài)電壓調(diào)制比分配方案。該方案依據(jù)電網(wǎng)電壓工況,動態(tài)分配用于電壓補償側(cè)和電流補償側(cè)的調(diào)制比限幅,整體提高了直流側(cè)電壓利用率,仿真分析證明了該方法的有效性。最后的試驗環(huán)節(jié),包含關于九開關變換器驅(qū)動脈沖產(chǎn)生、死區(qū)配置、九開關IGBT驅(qū)動的研究,探究了九開關變換器在工程中應用的方法。研究結(jié)果表明九開關型UPQC可以有效治理電壓、電流諧波,消除電壓偏差與相位跳變,顯著提高了DFIG機端電能質(zhì)量,使機組可在多種故障電壓工況下實現(xiàn)柔性故障穿越。
[Abstract]:With the large-scale development of wind power, the proportion of wind power installed capacity gradually increases, among which the doubly-fed models with mature technology and low cost occupy a large market share. Power quality problems, especially voltage sag, will have a great impact on the operation of doubly-fed generating units, and even de-grid. This will become a large hidden danger of the safe and stable operation of power system. In order to reduce the influence of voltage harmonic, voltage drop and sudden rise, voltage imbalance and other power quality problems on (DFIG) wind power system of doubly-fed wind turbine, this paper presents a nine-switch unified power quality regulator (UPQC) scheme applied to doubly-fed wind power system. The nine-switch converter is an evolutionary structure of the back-to-back converter, which reduces the original twelve switches to nine by the common relationship of the switching tubes. To a certain extent, the complexity of the drive circuit and the protection circuit are reduced, and the power density of the converter is increased. Through the reasonable method of driving pulse modulation, the independent control of two output ports. UPQC can realize the flexible fault traversing of DFIG by the way of voltage compensation, and the transient performance is good. At the same time, the harmonic voltage and harmonic current can be treated. The function is comprehensive, the equipment utilization rate is high. In this paper, we study the constraint relation caused by the common switching elements of the nine-switch converter, and design a modulation method which can be independently controlled by two channels. The topology of UPQC with doubly-fed unit is determined. On the basis of modeling the calculation circuit of voltage and current compensation unit of equipment, the corresponding control strategy is given, and the harmonic current compensation and light voltage compensation are set according to the grid condition. The operation scheme of UPQC is optimized by three working modes of heavy voltage compensation. Finally, the feasibility of the proposed scheme is verified by simulation and experiment. In order to solve the problem of high DC side voltage in nine-switch converters, a dynamic voltage modulation ratio allocation scheme is proposed, which gives priority to important functions. According to the voltage condition of the power network, the scheme dynamically allocates the modulation ratio limiting amplitude of the voltage compensation side and the current compensation side, and improves the DC side voltage utilization rate. The simulation results show that the method is effective. In the last part of the experiment, the research on the pulse generation, dead-time configuration and nine-switch IGBT drive of the nine-switch converter is discussed, and the application method of the nine-switch converter in engineering is discussed. The results show that nine-switch UPQC can effectively control voltage and current harmonics, eliminate voltage deviation and phase jump, improve the power quality of DFIG machine, and enable the unit to realize flexible fault traversing under a variety of fault voltage conditions.
【學位授予單位】：內(nèi)蒙古工業(yè)大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TM315

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本文編號：2151560