【摘要】：隨著風(fēng)電大規(guī)模發(fā)展,風(fēng)電裝機(jī)容量占比逐步提高,其中技術(shù)成熟、成本較低的雙饋機(jī)型占有較大市場(chǎng)份額。電網(wǎng)電能質(zhì)量問(wèn)題,尤其是電壓跌落,將對(duì)雙饋機(jī)組的運(yùn)行造成較大影響,甚至脫網(wǎng)。這將成為電力系統(tǒng)安全穩(wěn)定運(yùn)行的較大隱患。為減小電壓諧波、電壓跌落與驟升、電壓不平衡等電能質(zhì)量問(wèn)題對(duì)雙饋電機(jī)(DFIG)風(fēng)電系統(tǒng)的影響,本文提出一種應(yīng)用于雙饋風(fēng)電系統(tǒng)的九開(kāi)關(guān)型統(tǒng)一電能質(zhì)量調(diào)節(jié)器(UPQC)方案。九開(kāi)關(guān)變換器是背靠背變換器的演化結(jié)構(gòu),通過(guò)開(kāi)關(guān)管的共用關(guān)系將原來(lái)的十二個(gè)開(kāi)關(guān)管減少為九個(gè)。一定程度上減小了驅(qū)動(dòng)電路、保護(hù)電路的復(fù)雜程度,提高了變換器的功率密度。通過(guò)合理的驅(qū)動(dòng)脈沖調(diào)制方法,可以實(shí)現(xiàn)兩個(gè)輸出端口的獨(dú)立控制。UPQC方案以電壓補(bǔ)償?shù)姆绞綄?shí)現(xiàn)DFIG柔性故障穿越,暫態(tài)性能優(yōu)良,同時(shí)可對(duì)諧波電壓和諧波電流進(jìn)行治理,功能全面,設(shè)備利用率高。本文研究了九開(kāi)關(guān)變換器由于共用開(kāi)關(guān)元件而造成的制約關(guān)系,在此基礎(chǔ)上設(shè)計(jì)兩通道可以獨(dú)立控制的調(diào)制方法;以九開(kāi)關(guān)變換器為換流電路,確定含有雙饋機(jī)組的UPQC拓?fù)浣Y(jié)構(gòu);在對(duì)設(shè)備電壓、電流補(bǔ)償單元運(yùn)算電路建模的基礎(chǔ)上,給出相應(yīng)的控制策略;按照電網(wǎng)工況,設(shè)定諧波電流補(bǔ)償、輕度電壓補(bǔ)償、重度電壓補(bǔ)償三種工作模式,優(yōu)化UPQC的運(yùn)行方案;最后,通過(guò)仿真和試驗(yàn)驗(yàn)證了所提方案的可行性。文中為解決九開(kāi)關(guān)變換器直流側(cè)電壓偏高的問(wèn)題,提出了優(yōu)先保障重要功能的動(dòng)態(tài)電壓調(diào)制比分配方案。該方案依據(jù)電網(wǎng)電壓工況,動(dòng)態(tài)分配用于電壓補(bǔ)償側(cè)和電流補(bǔ)償側(cè)的調(diào)制比限幅,整體提高了直流側(cè)電壓利用率,仿真分析證明了該方法的有效性。最后的試驗(yàn)環(huán)節(jié),包含關(guān)于九開(kāi)關(guān)變換器驅(qū)動(dòng)脈沖產(chǎn)生、死區(qū)配置、九開(kāi)關(guān)IGBT驅(qū)動(dòng)的研究,探究了九開(kāi)關(guān)變換器在工程中應(yīng)用的方法。研究結(jié)果表明九開(kāi)關(guān)型UPQC可以有效治理電壓、電流諧波,消除電壓偏差與相位跳變,顯著提高了DFIG機(jī)端電能質(zhì)量,使機(jī)組可在多種故障電壓工況下實(shí)現(xiàn)柔性故障穿越。
[Abstract]:With the large-scale development of wind power, the proportion of wind power installed capacity gradually increases, among which the doubly-fed models with mature technology and low cost occupy a large market share. Power quality problems, especially voltage sag, will have a great impact on the operation of doubly-fed generating units, and even de-grid. This will become a large hidden danger of the safe and stable operation of power system. In order to reduce the influence of voltage harmonic, voltage drop and sudden rise, voltage imbalance and other power quality problems on (DFIG) wind power system of doubly-fed wind turbine, this paper presents a nine-switch unified power quality regulator (UPQC) scheme applied to doubly-fed wind power system. The nine-switch converter is an evolutionary structure of the back-to-back converter, which reduces the original twelve switches to nine by the common relationship of the switching tubes. To a certain extent, the complexity of the drive circuit and the protection circuit are reduced, and the power density of the converter is increased. Through the reasonable method of driving pulse modulation, the independent control of two output ports. UPQC can realize the flexible fault traversing of DFIG by the way of voltage compensation, and the transient performance is good. At the same time, the harmonic voltage and harmonic current can be treated. The function is comprehensive, the equipment utilization rate is high. In this paper, we study the constraint relation caused by the common switching elements of the nine-switch converter, and design a modulation method which can be independently controlled by two channels. The topology of UPQC with doubly-fed unit is determined. On the basis of modeling the calculation circuit of voltage and current compensation unit of equipment, the corresponding control strategy is given, and the harmonic current compensation and light voltage compensation are set according to the grid condition. The operation scheme of UPQC is optimized by three working modes of heavy voltage compensation. Finally, the feasibility of the proposed scheme is verified by simulation and experiment. In order to solve the problem of high DC side voltage in nine-switch converters, a dynamic voltage modulation ratio allocation scheme is proposed, which gives priority to important functions. According to the voltage condition of the power network, the scheme dynamically allocates the modulation ratio limiting amplitude of the voltage compensation side and the current compensation side, and improves the DC side voltage utilization rate. The simulation results show that the method is effective. In the last part of the experiment, the research on the pulse generation, dead-time configuration and nine-switch IGBT drive of the nine-switch converter is discussed, and the application method of the nine-switch converter in engineering is discussed. The results show that nine-switch UPQC can effectively control voltage and current harmonics, eliminate voltage deviation and phase jump, improve the power quality of DFIG machine, and enable the unit to realize flexible fault traversing under a variety of fault voltage conditions.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：內(nèi)蒙古工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：TM315

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本文編號(hào)：2151560