【摘要】：隨著電力電子技術(shù)的發(fā)展,便攜式電子產(chǎn)品的耗電速度越來越快。在電池本身技術(shù)短期內(nèi)無法取得重大突破的前提下,無線充電技術(shù)成為一種可行且便利的解決方式。目前,電磁感應(yīng)式和諧振式無線充電受到廣泛關(guān)注。相比于前者,電磁諧振式不僅可以進行中短距離的充電,還能支持多個設(shè)備同時充電,且充電功率也有很大提升。首先對諧振式無線充電系統(tǒng)進行了研究。分析了無線充電系統(tǒng)構(gòu)成和工作原理,討論了能量在傳輸過程中應(yīng)該遵循的規(guī)則,并建立了諧振式無線充電數(shù)學模型。其次,分析了諧振式無線充電系統(tǒng),發(fā)現(xiàn)在臨界耦合點時充電效率最高。緊接著,針對不同電子設(shè)備同時充電的場景,提出了一種自適應(yīng)的諧振式無線充電方法,即發(fā)射端可以根據(jù)不同接收端電子設(shè)備的實際充電需求,如充電距離、殘余電量、功率等,對其進行有順序的充電。進而研究了充電距離與效率之間的關(guān)系。分析結(jié)果表明,本文所提的方法可以使同時充電更加地靈活便利。不僅如此,在所提出的自適應(yīng)諧振式無線充電方法的基礎(chǔ)上,還提出一種針對多設(shè)備同時充電的場景下基于多參數(shù)的無線充電優(yōu)先級算法,以實現(xiàn)更優(yōu)的充電系統(tǒng)效率。該算法涉及的性能參數(shù)包括:電池容量、實時殘余電量、實時充電距離、負載,以及用戶對充電優(yōu)先的主觀系數(shù)等。仿真結(jié)果表明,相比于無優(yōu)先級無線充電過程,該算法可以大大地提高充電效率。此外,對系統(tǒng)性能參數(shù)研究的基礎(chǔ)上提出了線圈天線的性能評估流程,根據(jù)性能參數(shù)評估標準和二端口網(wǎng)絡(luò)分析設(shè)計了一種適用于諧振式無線充電的線圈天線。通過電磁仿真軟件HFSS對設(shè)計的線圈天線進行3D建模,研究了模型的性能參數(shù),包括線圈天線的S參數(shù)、駐波比、充電效率和3D電磁場分布圖,得出線圈天線在中心頻率2.8GHz處發(fā)生諧振,輸入回波損耗最小,為-29.11dB,且充電效率可達到84.15%。在加入優(yōu)先級公式后此線圈天線的充電效率高達92.37%,且使整個系統(tǒng)充電穩(wěn)定。此外,經(jīng)過性能評估后設(shè)計的線圈天線具有成本低、結(jié)構(gòu)簡單等優(yōu)勢,因此該設(shè)計對無線充電的研究有很好的借鑒作用。
[Abstract]:With the development of power electronics technology, the power consumption of portable electronic products is getting faster and faster. Wireless charging technology has become a feasible and convenient solution under the premise that the battery itself can not make a major breakthrough in the short term. At present, electromagnetic induction and resonant wireless charging have received wide attention. Compared with the former, the electromagnetic resonance not only can be used for short and medium distance charging, but also can support multiple devices to charge simultaneously, and the charging power is also greatly improved. First, the resonant wireless charging system is studied. The constitution and working principle of wireless charging system are analyzed, the rules of energy transmission are discussed, and the mathematical model of resonant wireless charging is established. Secondly, the resonant wireless charging system is analyzed and it is found that the charging efficiency is the highest at the critical coupling point. Then, an adaptive resonant wireless charging method is proposed for different electronic devices to charge at the same time, that is, the transmitter can charge according to the actual charging requirements of different electronic devices, such as charging distance, residual charge. Power, etc., for sequential charging. Furthermore, the relationship between charging distance and efficiency is studied. The results show that the proposed method can make simultaneous charging more flexible and convenient. Moreover, on the basis of the proposed adaptive resonant wireless charging method, a multi-parameter wireless charging priority algorithm is proposed to achieve better charging system efficiency. The performance parameters of the algorithm include battery capacity, real-time residual power, real-time charging distance, load, and user's subjective coefficient of charging priority. The simulation results show that the proposed algorithm can greatly improve the charging efficiency compared with the non-priority wireless charging process. In addition, based on the research of the system performance parameters, the performance evaluation flow of the coil antenna is proposed. According to the performance parameter evaluation standard and the two-port network analysis, a coil antenna suitable for resonant wireless charging is designed. The 3D modeling of the designed coil antenna is carried out by the electromagnetic simulation software HFSS, and the performance parameters of the model are studied, including S parameter, standing wave ratio, charging efficiency and 3D electromagnetic field distribution of the coil antenna. It is concluded that the coil antenna resonates at the center frequency 2.8GHz, and the input echo loss is minimum, which is -29.11 dB, and the charging efficiency can reach 84.15 dB. After the priority formula is added, the charging efficiency of the coil antenna is up to 92.37, and the charge stability of the whole system is achieved. In addition, the coil antenna designed after performance evaluation has the advantages of low cost and simple structure, so the design can be used for reference in the research of wireless charging.
【學位授予單位】：江蘇科技大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TM910.6

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