【摘要】：隨著國民經(jīng)濟(jì)的高速增長,城市化建設(shè)的進(jìn)程日益發(fā)展,對于提高供電可靠性和穩(wěn)定性的需求也越來越迫切。市區(qū)內(nèi)的高壓輸電通道出于市政規(guī)劃,所處環(huán)境以及人身安全等因素的考慮,電力電纜使用率激增。電纜化率提升的同時,系統(tǒng)的電容電流也隨之增大,由于絕緣缺陷導(dǎo)致的接地故障電弧不易熄滅,進(jìn)而擴(kuò)大故障范圍,引發(fā)嚴(yán)重事故。電纜多敷設(shè)于隧道內(nèi)或地面下,且距離較長,內(nèi)部的絕緣缺陷排查較為困難。近年來,由于電纜內(nèi)部絕緣缺陷、接頭位置制作和安裝工藝缺陷而導(dǎo)致的起火、大面積停電等事故時有發(fā)生。因此,應(yīng)在投運前對電纜進(jìn)行徹底檢測,避免帶有絕緣缺陷的設(shè)備入網(wǎng)運行。針對上述問題,本文研究了基于交流耐壓的局部放電檢測技術(shù)對電纜內(nèi)部及接頭位置潛在的絕緣缺陷進(jìn)行檢測的方法,并設(shè)計了一套基于高頻脈沖法的分布式局放測試系統(tǒng),對電纜內(nèi)部、中間接頭及終端頭進(jìn)行檢測。系統(tǒng)通過無線通訊的方式對各檢測單元的采集數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行傳輸,利用神經(jīng)網(wǎng)絡(luò)對測試圖譜進(jìn)行模式識別,以確定局放信號產(chǎn)生的位置和類型,實現(xiàn)故障定位。本文的主要工作內(nèi)容有:1)根據(jù)電力電纜局部放電的放電規(guī)律,研究了局放信號在電纜中傳輸特性,建立局放模型、電纜電路模型、局放信號傳輸模型;2)針對電力電纜內(nèi)部絕緣缺陷在交流耐壓過程中不易發(fā)現(xiàn)的問題,設(shè)計了基于交流耐壓的分布式局放測試系統(tǒng),對電力電纜內(nèi)部和接頭位置的內(nèi)部絕緣缺陷進(jìn)行檢測,利用無線通訊的方式對各個檢測單元采集到的高頻脈沖信號進(jìn)行傳輸和同步,實現(xiàn)故障定位。3)通過收集整理模擬試驗和現(xiàn)場試驗的研究結(jié)果,建立了典型缺陷特征譜圖數(shù)據(jù)庫。并利用人工神經(jīng)網(wǎng)絡(luò),對檢測單元采集到的局部放電信號進(jìn)行分析處理,實現(xiàn)電力電纜內(nèi)部絕緣缺陷類型的模式識別。
[Abstract]:With the rapid growth of national economy and the development of urbanization, it is more and more urgent to improve the reliability and stability of power supply. Due to the consideration of municipal planning, environment and personal safety, the utilization rate of HV transmission lines in urban areas has increased dramatically. With the increase of the cable conversion rate, the capacitance current of the system increases, and the grounding fault arc caused by the insulation defect is difficult to extinguish, thus expanding the fault range and causing serious accidents. The cables are mostly laid in the tunnel or under the ground, and the distance is long, so it is difficult to check the internal insulation defects. In recent years, due to internal insulation defects, joint position manufacturing and installation process defects caused by fire, large-scale power outages and other accidents have occurred from time to time. Therefore, the cable should be thoroughly tested before commissioning to avoid the equipment with insulation defects into the network operation. In order to solve the above problems, this paper studies the method of detecting the potential insulation defects in cable and joint position based on AC voltage and partial discharge detection technology, and designs a distributed partial discharge testing system based on high frequency pulse method. Check the cable interior, intermediate connector and terminal head. The system transmits the collected data of each detection unit by wireless communication, and uses neural network to identify the pattern of the test spectrum, to determine the location and type of PD signal, and to realize fault location. The main work of this paper is as follows: (1) according to the law of partial discharge of power cable, the characteristics of partial discharge signal transmission in cable are studied, and the partial discharge model and cable circuit model are established. In order to solve the problem that the internal insulation defect of power cable is difficult to find in the process of AC voltage resistance, a distributed PD test system based on AC voltage is designed. The internal insulation defects of power cable and joint position are detected, and the high frequency pulse signals collected by each detection unit are transmitted and synchronized by means of wireless communication. Through collecting the research results of simulation test and field test, the typical defect characteristic spectrum database is established. Using artificial neural network, the PD signals collected by the detection unit are analyzed and processed to realize the pattern recognition of the internal insulation defects of power cable.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華北電力大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TM835

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