本文選題：永磁同步電機(jī) + 振動(dòng)噪聲　； 參考：《上海電力學(xué)院》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：永磁同步電機(jī)由于功率密度高,廣泛應(yīng)用于伺服機(jī)器人、電動(dòng)汽車、醫(yī)療器械、高檔家用電器,這些場合對振動(dòng)和噪聲都有嚴(yán)格要求。目前,變頻器普遍應(yīng)用于電機(jī)驅(qū)動(dòng),永磁同步電機(jī)在變頻器供電時(shí),定子電流中含有大量諧波,而這些諧波與轉(zhuǎn)子磁場經(jīng)過電樞反應(yīng)后,氣隙磁場會(huì)產(chǎn)生大量的諧波,導(dǎo)致電磁力波中諧波增加,這些諧波會(huì)增強(qiáng)電機(jī)的振動(dòng),進(jìn)而會(huì)產(chǎn)生令人難以忍受的噪聲。本文的主要工作是以降低永磁同步電機(jī)電磁振動(dòng)噪聲為目的,分析永磁同步電機(jī)振動(dòng)噪聲和逆變器電流諧波的關(guān)系,對降低永磁同步電機(jī)振動(dòng)噪聲控制策略進(jìn)行研究,通過降低逆變器電流諧波實(shí)現(xiàn)電機(jī)振動(dòng)噪聲的抑制。分別對永磁同步電機(jī)矢量控制、隨機(jī)開關(guān)頻率調(diào)制技術(shù)以及逆變器死區(qū)補(bǔ)償技術(shù)等進(jìn)行比較研究。提出了一種混合隨機(jī)開關(guān)頻率-死區(qū)補(bǔ)償技術(shù),并且利用基于dSPACE的半實(shí)物仿真實(shí)驗(yàn)平臺(tái)進(jìn)行實(shí)驗(yàn)驗(yàn)證。主要研究內(nèi)容如下:1.永磁同步電機(jī)振動(dòng)噪聲與逆變器引入電流諧波的關(guān)系理論分析變頻器引入電流諧波與永磁同步電機(jī)振動(dòng)噪聲的關(guān)系,明確了可以通過降低逆變器電流諧波來達(dá)到降低永磁同步電機(jī)振動(dòng)噪聲的目的。對降低永磁同步電機(jī)振動(dòng)噪聲控制技術(shù)的發(fā)展及應(yīng)用現(xiàn)狀進(jìn)行分析,比較研究目前國內(nèi)外學(xué)者關(guān)于降低電機(jī)振動(dòng)噪聲控制技術(shù)的優(yōu)缺點(diǎn)。2.永磁同步電機(jī)矢量控制研究在分析永磁同步電機(jī)數(shù)學(xué)模型的基礎(chǔ)上,對永磁同步電機(jī)矢量控制方法的分類及原理進(jìn)行了深入了解;然后對空間電壓矢量脈寬調(diào)制(SVPWM)技術(shù)的基本原理以及對各個(gè)部分的實(shí)現(xiàn)方法進(jìn)行闡述。3.隨機(jī)調(diào)制技術(shù)及逆變器死區(qū)補(bǔ)償技術(shù)研究對隨機(jī)調(diào)制技術(shù)的分類及機(jī)理進(jìn)行對比研究,分析了各自的優(yōu)缺點(diǎn),結(jié)合SVPWM調(diào)制技術(shù)闡釋了隨機(jī)開關(guān)頻率SVPWM技術(shù);深入分析SVPWM逆變器的死區(qū)效應(yīng)對逆變器輸出電壓電流的影響,在前人研究成果基礎(chǔ)上采用電流反饋平均電壓補(bǔ)償法進(jìn)行死區(qū)補(bǔ)償。4.混合隨機(jī)開關(guān)頻率-死區(qū)補(bǔ)償技術(shù)研究通過分析研究隨機(jī)開關(guān)頻率調(diào)制技術(shù)和死區(qū)補(bǔ)償技術(shù)各自的優(yōu)缺點(diǎn),提出了混合隨機(jī)開關(guān)頻率-死區(qū)補(bǔ)償技術(shù)。利用Matlab/Simulink仿真軟件建立永磁同步電機(jī)矢量控制系統(tǒng)仿真模型,對固定開關(guān)頻率調(diào)制技術(shù)、隨機(jī)開關(guān)頻率調(diào)制技術(shù)、死區(qū)補(bǔ)償技術(shù)和混合隨機(jī)開關(guān)頻率-死區(qū)補(bǔ)償技術(shù)進(jìn)行了對比仿真分析。結(jié)果表明,混合隨機(jī)開關(guān)頻率-死區(qū)補(bǔ)償技術(shù)可以結(jié)合隨機(jī)開關(guān)頻率調(diào)制技術(shù)和死區(qū)補(bǔ)償技術(shù)的優(yōu)點(diǎn),不僅可有效降低低頻電流諧波幅值和含量,同時(shí)可以降低開關(guān)頻率及倍頻處的諧波幅值,并使得開關(guān)頻率處的電流諧波頻譜分布更加均勻。5.基于dSPACE的半實(shí)物仿真實(shí)驗(yàn)研究搭建了基于dSPACE的半實(shí)物仿真實(shí)驗(yàn)平臺(tái),進(jìn)行隨機(jī)開關(guān)頻率調(diào)制技術(shù)、死區(qū)補(bǔ)償技術(shù)和混合隨機(jī)開關(guān)頻率-死區(qū)補(bǔ)償技術(shù)對降低電流諧波的驗(yàn)證實(shí)驗(yàn)。結(jié)果表明,隨機(jī)開關(guān)頻率調(diào)制技術(shù)可有效降低開關(guān)頻率處的高次諧波,死區(qū)補(bǔ)償技術(shù)可有效降低低頻電流諧波,混合隨機(jī)開關(guān)頻率-死區(qū)補(bǔ)償技術(shù)可以有效降低低頻電流諧波幅值和開關(guān)頻率及倍頻處的電流諧波幅值。實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果驗(yàn)證了前文的仿真分析結(jié)果。綜上所述,本文首先理論分析了電機(jī)振動(dòng)噪聲與逆變器引入電流諧波的關(guān)系,提出了一種混合隨機(jī)開關(guān)頻率-死區(qū)補(bǔ)償控制方法。通過仿真和實(shí)驗(yàn)分析得出,此方法可綜合隨機(jī)開關(guān)頻率調(diào)制技術(shù)和死區(qū)補(bǔ)償技術(shù)的優(yōu)點(diǎn),有效降低低頻電流諧波幅值和開關(guān)頻率及倍頻處的電流諧波幅值,根據(jù)電流諧波與永磁同步電機(jī)振動(dòng)噪聲的關(guān)系,所提出的方法可以降低永磁同步電機(jī)振動(dòng)噪聲。
[Abstract]:Because of high power density, permanent magnet synchronous motor is widely used in servo robots, electric vehicles, medical devices, and high grade household appliances. These occasions have strict requirements for vibration and noise. At present, the frequency converter is widely used in the motor drive. When the permanent magnet synchronous motor is powered by the frequency converter, the stator current contains a lot of harmonics, and these harmonics are used. After the armature reaction of the rotor magnetic field, the air gap magnetic field produces a large number of harmonics, which leads to the increase of the harmonic in the electromagnetic force wave. These harmonics will enhance the vibration of the motor and produce unbearable noise. The main work of this paper is to reduce the vibration of permanent magnet synchronous motor and analyze the vibration of permanent magnet synchronous motor. The relationship between the noise and the harmonic current of the inverter is studied. The control strategy of reducing the vibration and noise of permanent magnet synchronous motor is studied. The suppression of the vibration and noise of the motor is realized by reducing the current harmonics of the inverter. The vector control of permanent magnet synchronous motor, the frequency modulation technology of random switch and the dead time compensation technique of the inverter are compared. A hybrid random switch frequency dead zone compensation technique is developed and the dSPACE based hardware in the loop simulation experiment platform is used to verify the experiment. The main contents are as follows: 1. the relationship between the vibration noise of the permanent magnet synchronous motor and the current harmonics introduced by the inverter is used to analyze the vibration and noise of the current harmonics and the permanent magnet synchronous motor. The purpose of reducing the vibration and noise of permanent magnet synchronous motor can be achieved by reducing the current harmonics of the inverter. The development and application of the vibration and noise control technology of the permanent magnet synchronous motor are analyzed. The advantages and disadvantages of the domestic and foreign scholars on reducing the vibration and noise control technology of the electric machine,.2. permanent magnet, are compared and studied. On the basis of analyzing the mathematical model of PMSM, the research on the classification and principle of PMSM vector control method is deeply understood. Then, the basic principle of the space voltage vector pulse width modulation (SVPWM) technology and the realization method of each part of the.3. random modulation technology are expounded. The research on the dead time compensation technology of inverter studies the classification and mechanism of random modulation technology, analyzes their advantages and disadvantages, and interprets the random switching frequency SVPWM technology with SVPWM modulation technology, and analyzes the influence of the dead time effect of the SVPWM inverter on the output voltage and current of the inverter, which is based on the previous research results. The current feedback average voltage compensation method is used to carry out the dead area compensation.4. hybrid random switch frequency dead zone compensation technology. By analyzing and studying the advantages and disadvantages of the random switching frequency modulation technology and dead zone compensation technology, a hybrid random switch frequency dead zone compensation technology is proposed. The permanent magnet synchronization is established by using the Matlab/Simulink simulation software. The simulation model of the motor vector control system is compared with the fixed switching frequency modulation technology, the random switching frequency modulation technology, the dead zone compensation technique and the hybrid random switch frequency dead zone compensation technique. The results show that the hybrid random switch frequency dead zone compensation technique can be combined with random switching frequency modulation technology and death. The advantages of area compensation technology can not only reduce the amplitude and content of harmonic current effectively, but also reduce the amplitude of the switching frequency and frequency doubling, and make the current harmonic spectrum distribution more uniform in the switching frequency and.5. based on the hardware in the loop simulation experiment based on the dSPACE. The hardware in the loop simulation experiment platform based on dSPACE is built. Random switching frequency modulation technology, dead zone compensation technology and hybrid random switch frequency dead zone compensation technique are used to verify the harmonic current reduction. The results show that the random switching frequency modulation technology can effectively reduce the high harmonic in the switching frequency, and the dead zone compensation technique can effectively reduce the harmonics of low frequency current, and the hybrid random switch can be effectively reduced. The frequency dead zone compensation technique can effectively reduce the harmonic amplitude of low frequency current and the amplitude of the current harmonics at the switching frequency and frequency doubling. The experimental results verify the results of the simulation analysis in the previous article. In summary, the relationship between the vibration noise of the motor and the current harmonics introduced by the inverter is analyzed, and a hybrid random switching frequency is proposed. By simulation and experimental analysis, this method can synthesize the advantages of random switching frequency modulation technology and dead zone compensation technique, effectively reduce the harmonic amplitude and switching frequency of low frequency current and the amplitude of current harmonic in frequency doubling, and propose the relationship between current harmonic and the vibration and noise of permanent magnet synchronous motor. The method can reduce the vibration and noise of PMSM.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：上海電力學(xué)院
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：TM341

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