本文選題：表貼式永磁同步電機 + 轉子位置��； 參考：《哈爾濱工業(yè)大學》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：永磁同步電機憑借出色的性能及簡單的結構,被廣泛應用在各個領域。在閉環(huán)控制永磁電機過程中,需要知悉電機轉子位置,為降低成本并提高可靠性,使用開關型霍爾位置傳感器檢測轉子位置。由于傳感器分辨率低,需要對霍爾位置信號進行線性化。無位置傳感器控制得到了極大的發(fā)展,不過表貼式永磁同步電機為隱極電機,在零速及低速無位置傳感器控制方面難度較大。本文就上述問題展開關于低成本永磁同步電機控制的研究。論文實現(xiàn)了三相對稱安裝的開關型霍爾位置傳感器安裝偏移角的自學習。在此基礎上,使用霍爾位置傳感器所獲取的轉子位置進行磁場定向控制。使用零階算法與一階算法對離散的開關型霍爾信號進行線性化,為了對轉子位置進一步優(yōu)化,使用觀測器進行角度矯正。實驗結果表明,算法提高了繞組電流的正弦度,額定負載下,電流THD由2.73%下降至1.61%。對比三種控制算法下電機的起動性能,發(fā)現(xiàn)方波起動方式下電機起動轉矩最大。對無位置傳感器控制方法進行研究,作為位置傳感器故障時的控制方式。當電機轉速為零速或低速時,使用脈振電壓注入法估測表貼式永磁同步電機電機轉子位置,在使用鎖相環(huán)進行誤差處理的算法基礎上,使用魯棒性觀測器進行算法改進。通過數(shù)學推導與計算確定魯棒性觀測器系數(shù),利用仿真與實驗進行算法驗證,觀測器法比鎖相環(huán)算法收斂時間明顯縮短,從0.5s減小至10ms。當電機在中高轉速運行情況下,使用滑模觀測器估測轉子位置。將滑模理論與電機數(shù)學模型相結合,設計滑模平面。利用仿真進行算法驗證,并在實驗平臺上進行算法實驗測試。上述算法實驗都取得了較好地實驗結果。
[Abstract]:Permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) is widely used in various fields because of its excellent performance and simple structure. In the process of closed-loop control of permanent magnet motor, it is necessary to know the rotor position of the motor. In order to reduce the cost and improve the reliability, the switch Hall position sensor is used to detect the rotor position. Because of the low resolution of the sensor, it is necessary to linearize the Hall position signal. Position sensorless control has been greatly developed, but the surface permanent magnet synchronous motor is a hidden pole motor, which is difficult in zero speed and low speed sensorless control. In this paper, the control of low-cost permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) is studied. In this paper, the self-learning of the offset angle of the switch hall position sensor with three-phase symmetrical installation is realized. On this basis, the rotor position obtained by Hall position sensor is controlled by magnetic field orientation. The zero order algorithm and the first order algorithm are used to linearize the discrete switched Hall signal. In order to further optimize the rotor position, the observer is used to correct the angle. The experimental results show that the sinusoidal degree of winding current is improved and the current THD decreases from 2.73% to 1.61g under rated load. By comparing the starting performance of the motor with three control algorithms, it is found that the starting torque of the motor is the largest in the square wave starting mode. The control method of sensorless position sensor is studied as the control method of position sensor fault. When the speed of motor is zero speed or low speed, the rotor position of permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) is estimated by pulse voltage injection method. Based on the error processing algorithm using PLL, robust observer is used to improve the algorithm. The robust observer coefficient is determined by mathematical derivation and calculation. The algorithm is verified by simulation and experiment. The convergence time of the observer method is significantly shorter than that of the phase-locked loop algorithm, from 0.5 s to 10 Ms. When the motor is running at medium and high speed, the rotor position is estimated by sliding mode observer. The sliding mode plane is designed by combining the sliding mode theory with the mathematical model of the motor. The algorithm is verified by simulation and tested on the experimental platform. The experimental results of the above algorithms are satisfactory.
【學位授予單位】：哈爾濱工業(yè)大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TM341

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