本文選題：微電網(wǎng) + 并網(wǎng)運行��； 參考：《蘭州交通大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：隨著化石能源供比失調(diào)加劇、環(huán)境的持續(xù)惡化、用戶的電力需求增加以及對電能質(zhì)量要求提高,DG(Distributed Generation,分布式電源)能源利用率高、就地取材、供能靈活等優(yōu)勢逐步得到高度關(guān)注�？v然大規(guī)模利用DG帶來了諸多好處,但其功率的間歇性、隨機性、波動性等缺點造成大規(guī)模并網(wǎng)受限的問題。MG(Microgrid,微電網(wǎng))可以集合多種種類的DG,保證DG優(yōu)勢得到發(fā)揮,能夠供應(yīng)電能、熱能等不同能量形式,能夠在并網(wǎng)狀態(tài)和孤島狀態(tài)靈活切換,可用于解決DG大規(guī)模并網(wǎng)問題。MG的優(yōu)化運行是在符合發(fā)電單元級限制及MG系統(tǒng)級約束的情況下,合理調(diào)整各單元功率輸出,以實現(xiàn)降低發(fā)電成本、提高能源使用率及減少污染氣體等目標(biāo)。因此,研究包含多種微電源的MG優(yōu)化運行是有現(xiàn)實價值的。本論文在查閱并歸納了大量的國內(nèi)外文獻(xiàn)的基礎(chǔ)上,對現(xiàn)階段MG及MG優(yōu)化運行的研究背景和發(fā)展概況進(jìn)行了總結(jié)。系統(tǒng)的對MG的基本概念及其運行特點進(jìn)行了介紹,并結(jié)合典型MG結(jié)構(gòu)對MG的聯(lián)網(wǎng)方式、運行模式做了詳細(xì)研究,為并網(wǎng)、孤島不同情況下的MG優(yōu)化運行做了理論鋪墊。在SPP(Spot Power Price,實時電價)理論指導(dǎo)下,針對MG系統(tǒng)并網(wǎng)優(yōu)化運行的問題,提出一種直觀的啟發(fā)式MG優(yōu)化運行策略。通過分時電價機制將全天依據(jù)負(fù)荷情況劃分為峰、平、谷三類,結(jié)合當(dāng)前SB(Storage Battery,蓄電池)的SOC(Sate of Charge,荷電狀態(tài)),建立了分時段運行策略。在比較可控型微電源與主網(wǎng)的SPP的基礎(chǔ)上,設(shè)計了階梯性的SB罰系數(shù),并計入目標(biāo)函數(shù)。采用POP NSGA-Ⅱ(Pareto Optimal Path Non-dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm,尋優(yōu)路徑非支配排序遺傳算法)優(yōu)化可控型發(fā)電單元、SB及與主網(wǎng)交互的功率,實現(xiàn)對主網(wǎng)總體上的“削峰填谷”,提高系統(tǒng)的經(jīng)濟效益。通過一個典型的CCHP(Combined Cooling Heating and Power,冷熱電聯(lián)供型)MG日運行為算例,驗證了所提策略和模型的有效性。針對MG系統(tǒng)在孤島運行方式下的優(yōu)化問題,在SB平滑負(fù)荷需求曲線的基礎(chǔ)上,考慮經(jīng)濟和環(huán)境兩方面的運行成本,本文提出了一種孤島MG運行方法。運行方法共分兩步:根據(jù)預(yù)測的電力負(fù)荷需求、不可控DG的發(fā)電預(yù)期、SB的容量信息及SOC等因素,運用考慮實際約束的功率差控制策略確定SB的運行方式。計及功率平衡約束,可控機組出力及爬坡約束等條件,建立經(jīng)濟成本和環(huán)境成本的目標(biāo)函數(shù),采用改進(jìn)的GA(Genetic Algorithm,遺傳算法)求解可控型發(fā)電單元出力分配。該方法在發(fā)揮SB削峰填谷作用的同時,還實現(xiàn)了孤島MG系統(tǒng)的經(jīng)濟、環(huán)保優(yōu)化運行。在典型孤島MG系統(tǒng)的日優(yōu)化運行算例中,針對SB在兩種控制策略下進(jìn)行了比較分析,并對比分析了單目標(biāo)和多目標(biāo)兩類優(yōu)化結(jié)果,為MG的孤島運行提供了一種新思路。
[Abstract]:With the increasing imbalance of fossil energy supply ratio, the continuous deterioration of environment, the increase of power demand of users and the improvement of energy utilization ratio of distributed Generation (DG) to power quality, the advantages of local selection and flexibility of energy supply have been paid more and more attention. Although the large-scale utilization of DG brings many benefits, but its power such as intermittent, randomness, volatility and other shortcomings cause large-scale grid-connected problems. MG (Microgrid, microgrid) can gather a variety of DGs to ensure that the advantages of DG can be brought into full play. It can supply different forms of energy, such as electric energy and heat energy, and can switch flexibly in grid-connected state and isolated island state. It can be used to solve DG large-scale grid-connected problem. The optimal operation of MG is in accordance with the constraints of generating unit level and MG system level. The power output of each unit is adjusted reasonably to achieve the goals of reducing the cost of power generation, increasing the energy utilization rate and reducing the pollution gas. Therefore, it is of practical value to study the optimal operation of MG which includes a variety of micro power sources. On the basis of consulting and summarizing a large number of domestic and foreign literatures, this paper summarizes the research background and development of MG and MG optimization operation at present. The basic concept and operation characteristics of MG are introduced in this paper. Combined with typical MG structure, the network mode and operation mode of MG are studied in detail, which lays a theoretical foundation for the optimal operation of MG under different conditions of grid-connected and isolated islands. Under the guidance of SPP (spot Power Price) theory, an intuitive heuristic strategy for optimal operation of MG system is proposed. Based on the time-sharing pricing mechanism, the whole day load is divided into three types: peak, level and valley. Combined with the SOC (State of charge) of SB (Storage Battery), the strategy of time-divided operation is established. On the basis of comparing the SPP of the controllable micro-power source with the main network, the step SB penalty coefficient is designed and the objective function is taken into account. Pop NSGA- 鈪，

本文編號：2082659