本文選題：鋰離子電池 + 快速充電��； 參考：《湖北工業(yè)大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：現(xiàn)如今中國很多地方的空氣質(zhì)量都令人擔(dān)憂,各種機動車輛排放的尾氣也正是造成這種天氣的重要因素之一。電動汽車以其環(huán)保、節(jié)能的特點得到了廣泛應(yīng)用,其動力源由動力電池來提供。鋰離子電池是當(dāng)前廣泛使用的動力電池,其高效、安全的快速充電方法是目前研究的重點。當(dāng)今比較常用的一些快速充電的相關(guān)方法在能量利用率以及消除極化方面都還做得不夠。為了更好地節(jié)省能量,有效提高充電效率,縮短充電時間本文選用負(fù)脈沖去極化方法來有效去除極化,采用饋能電路實現(xiàn)電池充電過程中能量的高效利用。具體研究內(nèi)容如下:1、本文主要研究了如何提高鋰離子電池充電方法的效率以及能量的利用率。文章將鋰離子電池作為研究對象,分析了其工作原理、充放電特性和影響因素。研究了極化現(xiàn)象的產(chǎn)生機理、消除辦法以及現(xiàn)有快速充電方式的優(yōu)缺點,實現(xiàn)大電流充電來提高充電效率的難點,即采用大電流充電會使得極化現(xiàn)象更加嚴(yán)重,重點分析了脈沖充電方法。2、極化現(xiàn)象會降低電池的充電效率,縮短電池的使用壽命。本文針對現(xiàn)有快速充電方法中存在去極化效果不明顯問題,采用瞬時負(fù)脈沖來去除極化。當(dāng)電池正在充電的時候,尋找合適的時候給予電池一個短暫的停充時間,再加以負(fù)脈沖的方法可以較為有效地處理極化現(xiàn)象帶來的負(fù)面影響。本文采用模糊控制器1通過析氣點電壓并加以電池容量及表面溫度來判斷極化程度,即給出負(fù)脈沖加予的時機;采用模糊控制器2通過電池的極化電壓及荷電狀態(tài)并加以溫度修正來確定給定去極化負(fù)脈沖的寬度。最后通過對比實驗,驗證了負(fù)脈沖去極化的有效性。與傳統(tǒng)大電流充電法相比,帶負(fù)脈沖充電方式使得充入電池的電量增加10.71%;與傳統(tǒng)恒流充電法相比,帶負(fù)脈沖充電方式在充電時間上縮短了32.85%。3、為了提高鋰離子電池充電過程中能量的利用率,本文采用了饋能電路在負(fù)脈沖放電消去極化現(xiàn)象時將電池放出電能存儲到電容,在充電時再將電容能量饋送到蓄電池。并且繪制了饋能實現(xiàn)電路圖,并分析了其工作原理。通過實驗證明了其有效性及可行性。4、建立脈沖快速充電系統(tǒng)的結(jié)構(gòu)框圖,設(shè)計了主電路、組成電路和軟件實現(xiàn)圖,最后搭建電池實驗平臺,測試了快速充電系統(tǒng)的功能。經(jīng)實驗得知該方法與傳統(tǒng)間歇-正負(fù)脈沖充電法相比,該方法的充電時間縮短了34%,溫升降低了13.6%,充電效率提高了1.4%。本文所做的研究,適合于采用動力電池作為儲能裝置的便攜式電子設(shè)備、電動汽車、不間斷電源等系統(tǒng)中。
[Abstract]:Nowadays, the air quality of many parts of China is worrying, and the exhaust gas emitted by various motor vehicles is one of the important factors that cause this kind of weather. The electric vehicle is widely used with its environmental protection and energy saving characteristics, its power source is supplied by power battery. Lithium ion battery is the current widely used power battery. The effective, safe and fast charging method is the focus of current research. Some commonly used fast charging methods are not enough in energy utilization and polarization elimination. In order to save energy, improve charging efficiency and shorten charge time, negative pulse depolarization method is selected to effectively remove polarization. The energy efficient utilization of the battery charging process is realized by the energy feed circuit. The specific research contents are as follows: 1, this paper mainly studies how to improve the efficiency of the lithium ion battery charging method and the utilization rate of the energy. The mechanism of polarization, the elimination method and the advantages and disadvantages of the existing fast charging methods, the difficulty of improving the charging efficiency by large current charging, that is, using large current charging will make the polarization more serious, and the pulse charging method.2 is emphatically analyzed. The polarization phenomenon will reduce the charging efficiency of the battery and shorten the service life of the battery. In this paper, the current fast charging method has no obvious depolarization effect, using instantaneous negative pulse to remove polarization. When the battery is charging, looking for a suitable time to give the battery a short stop charge time, and then the negative pulse can be more effective to deal with the negative effects of polarization. The paper uses the fuzzy controller 1 to determine the polarization degree by the gas point voltage and the battery capacity and surface temperature, that is, the timing of negative pulse plus is given. The width of the given depolarized negative pulse is determined by using the fuzzy controller 2 through the polarization voltage and charge state of the battery and the temperature correction to determine the width of the given depolarizing negative pulse. Finally, the comparison experiment is used to verify the width of the given depolarized negative pulse. The negative pulse depolarization is effective. Compared with the traditional large current charging method, the negative pulse charging method makes the charge of the battery increase by 10.71%. Compared with the traditional constant current charging method, the negative pulse charging method is shortened by 32.85%.3 in the charging time. In order to improve the energy utilization rate of the lithium ion electric pool charging process, this paper adopts the method. In the negative pulse discharge to eliminate polarization, the energy feed circuit stores the battery out of the electric energy to the capacitor and feed the capacitance to the battery. The circuit diagram of the energy feed is drawn and the working principle is analyzed. The validity and feasibility of the.4 are proved by the experiment, and the structure block diagram of the pulse fast charging system is set up. The main circuit, the composition circuit and the software realization diagram are taken. Finally, the battery experiment platform is built and the function of the fast charging system is tested. The experiment shows that the method is compared with the traditional intermittent positive and negative pulse charging method, the charging time of the method is shortened by 34%, the temperature rise is reduced by 13.6%, the charging efficiency is improved by the 1.4%. research, suitable for the study. The power battery is used as a portable electronic device for energy storage devices, such as electric vehicles, ups and other systems.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：湖北工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TM912

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