本文選題：新能源 + 地區(qū)電網(wǎng)　； 參考：《華北電力大學(北京)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：隨著社會經(jīng)濟的快速發(fā)展,我國對能源的需求與日俱增,但化石能源日趨枯竭,核能發(fā)展受到限制,以煤炭、石油為主要能量來源的傳統(tǒng)發(fā)電模式正面臨資源可持續(xù)利用、氣候變暖以及環(huán)境污染等一系列問題,這使得可再生能源的開發(fā)和利用逐漸成為社會可持續(xù)發(fā)展的必由之路。然而,大量新能源廠站分布式接入改變了電網(wǎng)中各支路潮流的流動特點,從而改變了電網(wǎng)的電壓分布,且分布式電源的出力具有較強的隨機性,會導致并網(wǎng)點電壓波動,容易造成電壓越限等問題;另外,現(xiàn)有電網(wǎng)調(diào)壓的方法主要依靠投切電容器和調(diào)節(jié)變壓器分接頭,并未充分利用分布式新能源廠站的無功調(diào)節(jié)資源,分布式電源出力的波動性易引發(fā)常規(guī)廠站無功設備頻繁動作、反復調(diào)節(jié)等問題,影響電網(wǎng)及設備的安全運行。所以需要進一步加強多種無功資源的協(xié)調(diào)控制,完善電網(wǎng)分層分布式的無功電壓控制模式,保證分布式電源并網(wǎng)后電網(wǎng)的優(yōu)質、經(jīng)濟和安全運行�；诖�,本文做了以下研究工作。(1)分析了新能源接入對地區(qū)電網(wǎng)無功電壓的影響。以某包含風電、光伏、小水電等多種新能源接入的地區(qū)電網(wǎng)為例,分析了新能源接入地區(qū)電網(wǎng)無功源的特點和新能源功率流動對節(jié)點電壓的影響;針對不同負荷特性,仿真分析了不同新能源接入電網(wǎng)對PCC點電壓的影響。(2)分析了不同無功電壓控制手段的效果分析�？紤]不同負荷模型,研究了改變變壓器變比和無功補償量對PCC點電壓和功率因數(shù)的影響;以風電場為例,研究了新能源廠站無功電壓控制手段對PCC點電壓和功率因數(shù)的影響。(3)提出了單時間斷面的無功電壓優(yōu)化。研究了新能源廠站的無功電壓控制策略,構建單時間斷面的無功電壓優(yōu)化控制模型,并進行了仿真分析。(4)提出了一種時序遞進的含風電、光伏、小水電等多種新能源接入的地區(qū)電網(wǎng)無功電壓優(yōu)化控制方法,進行日前、日內(nèi)到實時多時間尺度的協(xié)調(diào)優(yōu)化控制。優(yōu)化過程中基于綜合負荷變化趨勢進行分時段多目標優(yōu)化,計及離散調(diào)節(jié)設備的日調(diào)節(jié)次數(shù)限制,仿真驗證了該方法的有效性。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of social economy, the demand for energy is increasing in China, but fossil energy is exhausted day by day, and the development of nuclear energy is restricted. The traditional power generation mode with coal and oil as the main energy source is facing the sustainable utilization of resources. A series of problems, such as climate warming and environmental pollution, make the development and utilization of renewable energy gradually become the only way to the sustainable development of society. However, the distributed access of a large number of new energy plants and stations changes the flow characteristics of each branch power flow in the power network, thus changing the voltage distribution of the power grid, and the distributed power generation has a strong randomness, which will lead to the voltage fluctuation of the parallel network. In addition, the existing methods of voltage regulation mainly rely on switching capacitors and regulating transformer tap, and do not make full use of reactive power regulation resources of distributed new energy plants. The fluctuation of distributed power generation will easily cause frequent movement and repeated adjustment of reactive power equipment in conventional power plant and station, which will affect the safe operation of power grid and equipment. Therefore, it is necessary to further strengthen the coordination control of various reactive power resources, improve the hierarchical and distributed reactive power and voltage control mode, and ensure the high quality, economic and safe operation of the grid after the distributed power generation is connected to the grid. Based on this, the following research work is done in this paper. (1) the influence of new energy access on the reactive power and voltage of regional power network is analyzed. Taking a regional power network which includes wind power, photovoltaic, small hydropower and other new energy sources as an example, the characteristics of reactive power source and the influence of new energy power flow on node voltage are analyzed. The influence of different new energy sources on PCC point voltage is analyzed by simulation. (2) the effect of different reactive power and voltage control methods is analyzed. Considering different load models, the influence of changing transformer variable ratio and reactive power compensation on PCC voltage and power factor is studied. The influence of reactive power and voltage control methods on PCC point voltage and power factor is studied. (3) the reactive voltage optimization of single time section is proposed. The reactive power and voltage control strategy of the new energy plant station is studied, the reactive power and voltage optimal control model of single time section is constructed, and the simulation analysis is carried out. (4) A sequential progressive wind power and photovoltaic system is proposed. The optimal control method of reactive power and voltage in regional power network with multiple new energy sources such as small hydropower is coordinated and optimized from day to day, from real time scale to multi-time scale. In the process of optimization, the multi-objective optimization is carried out based on the trend of comprehensive load variation. The effectiveness of the method is verified by simulation, considering the daily regulation times of discrete adjustment equipment.
【學位授予單位】：華北電力大學(北京)
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TM761.12

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