本文選題：電力變壓器 + 繞組松動變形��； 參考：《昆明理工大學》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：電力變壓器是電力系統(tǒng)中的重要設(shè)備,繞組松動變形是變壓器故障中最為常見的故障類型之一。電力變壓器繞組松動變形故障不能及時發(fā)現(xiàn),電力變壓器繞組的機械穩(wěn)定性將受到很大影響,可能會造成嚴重安全事故。如何及時有效地檢測出電力變壓器繞組松動變形故障,對保障電力變壓器安全穩(wěn)定運行具有重要意義。本文從電力變壓器繞組機械結(jié)構(gòu)穩(wěn)定性的角度出發(fā)對其進行繞組故障檢測,當繞組發(fā)生松動變形故障時其機械結(jié)構(gòu)也會發(fā)生相應(yīng)變化,此時電力變壓器繞組的模態(tài)參數(shù)與正常情況相比同樣會產(chǎn)生相應(yīng)改變,模態(tài)參數(shù)的變化可通過電力變壓器繞組振動信號的頻響函數(shù)進行檢測。模態(tài)參數(shù)隨著結(jié)構(gòu)體的改變而發(fā)生相應(yīng)變化,因此可通過對繞組參數(shù)的檢測與分析實現(xiàn)電力變壓器繞組故障檢測。首先,對電力變壓器繞組常見變形故障及其產(chǎn)生原因進行了簡要分析,在此基礎(chǔ)上總結(jié)了振動分析法在電力變壓器繞組變形故障檢檢測中的應(yīng)用,同時對模態(tài)分析理論進行簡介,進一步明確了利用振動頻響法對模態(tài)參數(shù)進行獲取可在電力變壓器繞組松動變形故障檢測中進行應(yīng)用。其次,進行了電力變壓器繞組的數(shù)值模態(tài)分析即對電力變壓器繞組進行有限元建模,分別建立了電力變壓器繞組正常工況以及松動變形故障下的前四階模態(tài)振型。通過仿真模型,初步對電力變壓器繞組正常狀態(tài)以及松動故障狀態(tài)下的模態(tài)參數(shù)中固有頻率的變化趨勢進行了掌握。為進一步了解電力變壓器繞組松動故障的模態(tài)特性,在以50%Fn預緊力作為電力變壓器繞組松動故障設(shè)置的基礎(chǔ)上開展了不同松動程度下的電力變壓器繞組固有頻率變化研究,通過預緊力的改變發(fā)現(xiàn)高階模態(tài)下的變壓器繞組松動故障更為敏感,其固有頻率變化率更大。再次,為與前述有限元仿真研究相對應(yīng),搭建現(xiàn)場實體變壓器的繞組試驗模態(tài)研究平臺,分別對變壓器繞組正常與50%Fn預緊力松動故障變形時進行模態(tài)測試,獲取了相應(yīng)的振動頻響曲線。最后從振動頻響曲線中提取繞組模態(tài)參數(shù),以便通過模態(tài)參數(shù)的變化對電力變壓器繞組進行故障診斷,提出了相應(yīng)的模態(tài)參數(shù)提取算法。在上述研究的基礎(chǔ)上分別對電力變壓器繞組正常與松動故障時的仿真與實驗結(jié)果進行對比,通過仿真與試驗二者固有頻率的對比不僅驗證了 ANSYS仿真結(jié)果,同時明確了電力變壓器繞組松動變形時振動頻響信號的變化規(guī)律,為后續(xù)開發(fā)基于繞組振動頻響信號的電力變壓器繞組故障檢測系統(tǒng)奠定了基礎(chǔ)。
[Abstract]:Power transformer is an important equipment in power system. Loosening deformation of winding is one of the most common types of transformer faults. The loosening and deformation fault of power transformer windings can not be found in time, and the mechanical stability of power transformer windings will be greatly affected, which may cause serious safety accidents. How to detect the loosening deformation fault of power transformer winding in time and effectively is of great significance to ensure the safe and stable operation of power transformer. From the point of view of the mechanical structure stability of power transformer windings, this paper detects the winding faults, and the mechanical structure changes when the winding loosens and deforms. At this time the modal parameters of power transformer windings will also change in comparison with the normal conditions. The changes of modal parameters can be detected by the frequency response function of the vibration signals of power transformer windings. The modal parameters change with the change of the structure, so the fault detection of power transformer windings can be realized by detecting and analyzing the winding parameters. Firstly, the common deformation faults of power transformer windings and their causes are briefly analyzed, and the application of vibration analysis method in fault detection of power transformer windings is summarized. At the same time, the theory of modal analysis is briefly introduced, and the application of vibration frequency response method to obtain modal parameters can be used in the fault detection of loosening deformation of power transformer windings. Secondly, the numerical modal analysis of power transformer windings is carried out, that is, the finite element modeling of power transformer windings is carried out, and the first four modes of power transformer windings under normal working conditions and loose deformation faults are established respectively. Based on the simulation model, the variation trend of natural frequency in the modal parameters of power transformer windings under normal state and loose fault state is preliminarily grasped. In order to further understand the modal characteristics of power transformer winding loosening fault, the natural frequency change of power transformer winding with different loosening degree is studied on the basis of 50Fn pretightening force as the setting of power transformer winding loosening fault. It is found that the loosening fault of transformer windings is more sensitive and the change rate of natural frequency is larger. Thirdly, in order to correspond to the above-mentioned finite element simulation study, the experimental modal research platform of the field solid transformer winding is built, and the modal tests are carried out respectively when the transformer winding is normal and the 50Fn pretightening force loosening failure is deformed. The corresponding vibration frequency response curves are obtained. Finally, the modal parameters of the winding are extracted from the vibration frequency response curve in order to diagnose the fault of the power transformer windings through the variation of the modal parameters, and the corresponding modal parameters extraction algorithm is proposed. On the basis of the above research, the simulation and experiment results of power transformer windings under normal and loose faults are compared, and the results of ANSYS simulation are not only verified by the comparison of natural frequencies between simulation and test. At the same time, the variation rule of vibration frequency response signal when winding loosening and deformation of power transformer is defined, which lays a foundation for the subsequent development of power transformer winding fault detection system based on winding vibration frequency response signal.
【學位授予單位】：昆明理工大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TM41

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