本文選題：配電網(wǎng) + 分布式電源��； 參考：《昆明理工大學》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：隨著我國配電系統(tǒng)的快速發(fā)展,用電負荷呈現(xiàn)出不確定性與多樣性,在配電網(wǎng)中則更容易引起電壓質量問題。配電網(wǎng)作為電力系統(tǒng)中電壓等級最低的部分與用戶緊密聯(lián)接,電壓質量是作為電力系統(tǒng)正常穩(wěn)定運行的重要保證,它代表著電力系統(tǒng)運行、維護和管理水平的高低,影響著工業(yè)生產(chǎn)質量和人民生活的水平。實際配電網(wǎng)中,負荷在時間特性上快速而不均衡的發(fā)展變化、在空間特性上隨著季節(jié)性發(fā)展變化,經(jīng)常導致局部地區(qū)出現(xiàn)電壓不合格現(xiàn)象,而隨著分布式電源的接入,在一定程度上既可減少系統(tǒng)網(wǎng)損,也可以治理局部電壓偏低現(xiàn)象,例如,日負荷的高峰期,部分地區(qū)或因負荷過重、功率因數(shù)低而導致部分電壓出現(xiàn)越下限的情況,若此區(qū)域接有分布式電源,利用分布式電源發(fā)出的無功來調整電壓水平,使電壓偏低現(xiàn)象得到治理。但在某種情況下,負荷的低谷期,全網(wǎng)出現(xiàn)電壓越上限的情況,此時若有分布式電源接入,致使接入點產(chǎn)生大量的無功功率,最終導致電壓越上限。因此,在含有分布式電源的配電系統(tǒng)中,利用分布式電源和其他的調節(jié)手段進行電壓與功率的優(yōu)化調整。鑒于分布式電源接入配電網(wǎng)會造成系統(tǒng)潮流的復雜變化,本文從分布式電源的節(jié)點類型、容量等級、空間分布、滲透率四個方面來分析分布式電源對系統(tǒng)的網(wǎng)損和電壓造成的影響。節(jié)點類型通過將分布式電源劃分為PI節(jié)點、PQ(V)節(jié)點、PV節(jié)點和PQ節(jié)點來反映;容量等級通過在同一節(jié)點接入不同容量的同類型分布式電源來反映;空間分布通過在不同節(jié)點位置接入相同容量的同類型分布式電源來反映;滲透率通過多個節(jié)點接入相同類型的分布式電源來反映。本部分對于分布式電源的潮流計算分析是通過牛頓-拉夫遜法在輻射型IEEE33節(jié)點系統(tǒng)上進行測試的,優(yōu)化方法采用基因遺傳算法,最后得出本文的研究目的之一—分布式電源對系統(tǒng)的網(wǎng)損和電壓造成的影響。本文的優(yōu)化類型為系統(tǒng)網(wǎng)損和電壓偏差的多目標優(yōu)化問題,通過分布式電源與有載調壓變壓器分接頭、無功補償裝置進行優(yōu)化系統(tǒng)網(wǎng)損與治理電壓偏差。采用的方法為標量化優(yōu)化算法和矢量化優(yōu)化算法,對于標量化算法利用人工智能的基因遺傳算法對多目標問題進行優(yōu)化,得到優(yōu)化結果、收斂性、計算時間等參數(shù);對于矢量化算法,首先利用規(guī)格化法平面法先對多目標問題轉化成單目標問題,然后利用跟蹤軌跡內點法進行優(yōu)化,求出帕累托優(yōu)化解集,最后求出多目標優(yōu)化的折中解。將兩種方法在IEEE33節(jié)點、21節(jié)點系統(tǒng)上進行仿真驗證,對比兩種算法的求解時間、收斂度和優(yōu)化結果等。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of power distribution system in China, power load presents uncertainty and diversity, and voltage quality is more likely to be caused in distribution network. As the lowest part of the power system, the distribution network is closely connected with the users. The voltage quality is an important guarantee for the normal and stable operation of the power system. It represents the level of operation, maintenance and management of the power system. It affects the quality of industrial production and the standard of living of the people. In the actual distribution network, the load develops rapidly and unevenly in the time characteristic, and the spatial characteristic changes with the seasonal development, which often leads to the local voltage disqualification phenomenon, and with the access of the distributed power supply, To a certain extent, it can not only reduce the network loss of the system, but also control the phenomenon of low local voltage. For example, during the peak period of daily load, part of the area or because of excessive load and low power factor can cause part of the voltage to exceed the lower limit. If there is a distributed power source in this area, the voltage level can be adjusted by reactive power generated by the distributed power source, so that the phenomenon of low voltage can be eliminated. However, in some cases, in the low period of load, the voltage of the whole network is higher than the upper limit, at this time, if there is a distributed power access, the access point will produce a lot of reactive power, and finally the voltage will exceed the upper limit. Therefore, in the distribution system with distributed power supply, the voltage and power are optimized by using distributed power generation and other regulation methods. In view of the complex changes in power flow caused by the access of distributed generation to the distribution network, this paper analyzes the node type, capacity level and spatial distribution of distributed power supply. The influence of distributed power generation on system network loss and voltage is analyzed in four aspects: permeability. The node type is reflected by dividing the distributed power supply into Pi node / PQV) node / PV node and PQ node, and the capacity level is reflected by the same type of distributed power source with different capacity connected to the same node. Spatial distribution is reflected by access to the same type of distributed power source of the same capacity at different node locations, and permeability is reflected by multiple nodes accessing the same type of distributed power source. In this part, the power flow analysis of distributed power generation is tested by Newton-Raphson method on the radiation IEEE33 bus system, and the genetic algorithm is used to optimize the method. Finally, one of the research purposes of this paper is the influence of distributed power generation on the network loss and voltage of the system. The optimization type in this paper is the multi-objective optimization problem of system network loss and voltage deviation. Through the tap of distributed power source and on-load voltage regulating transformer, reactive power compensation device is used to optimize the system network loss and deal with voltage deviation. The methods used are scalarization optimization algorithm and vectorization optimization algorithm. The genetic algorithm of artificial intelligence is used to optimize the multi-objective problem, and the optimization results, convergence, calculation time and other parameters are obtained. For the vectorization algorithm, the multi-objective problem is first transformed into a single-objective problem by using the normalized plane method, and then the Pareto optimization solution set is obtained by using the tracking trajectory interior point method. Finally, the compromise solution of the multi-objective optimization is obtained. The two methods are simulated on the IEEE 33-bus / 21-bus system, and the solution time, convergence and optimization results of the two algorithms are compared.
【學位授予單位】：昆明理工大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TM714.2

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本文編號：2007186