本文選題：浪涌保護器 + 氧化鋅壓敏閥片��； 參考：《合肥工業(yè)大學》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：以氧化鋅壓敏電阻為核心元件的浪涌保護器具有穩(wěn)定電路電壓、保護電器設備的作用,但由于壓敏電阻自身的熱效應會造成其熱損毀,嚴重時引發(fā)火災等事故。本文以浪涌保護器及其閥片為研究對象,針對浪涌保護器工作過程中的熱損毀和失效問題,對浪涌保護器閥片熱特性及其破壞機理進行研究�；趥鳠釋W理論,根據浪涌保護器的工作條件和氧化鋅壓敏電阻的熱物理性能及電學性能,對浪涌保護器進行電-熱耦合有限元建模,分析了浪涌保護器在正常工作狀態(tài)下的溫度場分布情況,研究表明浪涌保護器正常工作時整體溫度場分布較均勻。分別討論了氧化鋅壓敏閥片經8/20μs波形雷電流沖擊、熱損毀時的溫度場分布和溫升情況及壓敏閥片老化過程中溫度和漏電流的變化:經8/20μs波形雷電流沖擊后壓敏閥片的溫度場均勻性降低,但其最大溫升小于極限工作溫升,閥片完好未損毀;熱損毀時浪涌保護器整體結構解體,最高溫度已超過1000K;閥片老化后其漏電流和最高溫度均隨電導率的增加(10-6~10-5S/m范圍內)近似呈線性增加趨勢。通過熱穩(wěn)定試驗揭示多通道浪涌保護器脫扣彈片的不同步脫扣問題會加劇浪涌保護器的熱損毀。對現(xiàn)有脫扣彈片結構進行優(yōu)化,將中間通道脫扣彈片的預變形上翹斜度比邊緣通道脫扣彈片的上翹斜度提高0.5度,以保證各彈片具有相同的預應力,同時設計了一套脫扣彈片預變形檢測機構以確保脫扣彈片同步脫扣。通過分析測試氧化鋅壓敏閥片不同失效形式前后的微觀結構及材料成分變化探討其破壞機理:氧化鋅壓敏電阻的老化破壞傾向于造成晶粒間的擠壓破壞,同時添加元素遷移并形成碎屑狀物質散落在材料內部;氧化鋅壓敏電阻的沖擊破壞傾向于造成晶粒破碎,同時還伴有添加元素的揮發(fā),且發(fā)生穿孔破壞。
[Abstract]:The surge protector with zinc oxide varistor as the core element has the function of stabilizing the circuit voltage and protecting the electrical equipment. However, the thermal effect of the varistor itself will cause its thermal damage and lead to fire and other accidents. In this paper, the thermal characteristics of surge protector and its failure mechanism are studied in view of the thermal damage and failure of surge protector. Based on the theory of heat transfer, according to the working conditions of surge protector and the thermophysical and electrical properties of zinc oxide varistor, the electro-thermal coupling finite element model of surge protector is established. The temperature field distribution of surge protector under normal working condition is analyzed. The results show that the whole temperature field of surge protector is uniform when it works normally. The impact of 8 / 20 渭 s lightning current on zinc oxide varistor is discussed. The temperature field distribution and temperature rise during thermal damage and the change of temperature and leakage current during the aging of the pressure sensitive valve: the temperature field uniformity of the pressure sensitive valve is decreased after 8 / 20 渭 s wave lightning current impact, but the maximum temperature rise is less than the limit working temperature rise. The whole structure of the surge protector disintegrates and the maximum temperature exceeds 1000K. The leakage current and maximum temperature of the valve plate increase linearly with the increase of electrical conductivity in the range of 10 ~ (-6) N ~ (-5) S / m). The thermal stability test shows that the thermal damage of the surge protector will be aggravated by the non-synchronous release of the release shrapnel of the multi-channel surge protector. In order to ensure the same prestress of each shrapnel, the pre-deformed upwarping angle of the mid-channel tripping shrapnel is improved by 0.5 degree compared with that of the edge channel tripping shrapnel, and the structure of the existing tripping shrapnel is optimized, so as to ensure that each shrapnel has the same prestress. At the same time, a set of pre-deformation detection mechanism is designed to ensure the release of shrapnel simultaneously. By analyzing and testing the microstructure and material composition change of zinc oxide varistor before and after different failure modes, the failure mechanism of zinc oxide varistor is discussed: the aging failure of zinc oxide varistor tends to cause extrusion failure between grains. At the same time, the addition of elements and the formation of clastic material scattered in the material; the impact damage of ZnO varistor tends to cause grain breakage, but also accompanied by the volatilization of the added elements, and the perforation failure.
【學位授予單位】：合肥工業(yè)大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TM862

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本文編號：2002096