本文選題：感應(yīng)電機(jī) + 故障診斷�。� 參考：《哈爾濱工業(yè)大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：感應(yīng)電機(jī)因其堅固耐用及價格低廉的優(yōu)勢,在工業(yè)傳動等領(lǐng)域應(yīng)用十分廣泛。其控制系統(tǒng)的容錯性能關(guān)系到生產(chǎn)效率與財產(chǎn)安全,因此也逐漸成為近年來研究的熱點問題。傳感器作為控制系統(tǒng)中的精密敏感器件,其故障診斷與容錯控制的研究對感應(yīng)電機(jī)控制系統(tǒng)意義重大。針對無速度傳感器模式下的電流傳感器故障診斷,提出了一種基于坐標(biāo)變換的故障診斷方法。利用Clark變換中輸入輸出電流的特殊對應(yīng)關(guān)系,可判定電流傳感器單相故障或是雙相故障。Clark變換中的?軸通常定位在a軸,經(jīng)過逆時針旋轉(zhuǎn)120°可定位在b軸上,不同的定位方式可定位不同相傳感器的故障。逆Park變換構(gòu)建的觀測器與不同定位方式的Clark變換值作差,通過差值來判定電流傳感器的故障。此診斷方法計算量很小,且診斷準(zhǔn)確。針對無速度傳感器模式下的電流傳感器容錯控制,提出了以轉(zhuǎn)子磁鏈與定子磁鏈為狀態(tài)變量的全階觀測器,降低了故障電流對全階觀測器穩(wěn)定性的影響,更利于對電流傳感器故障的容錯控制。合理構(gòu)建李雅普諾夫方程,依據(jù)李雅普諾夫穩(wěn)定性定理,推導(dǎo)出轉(zhuǎn)速自適應(yīng)律。給出了全階觀測器的歐拉法離散化與梯形法離散化方法。在梯形法中加入預(yù)測項,消除了其中的隱式方程,減少了梯形法的計算量,便于梯形法在高速控制系統(tǒng)的應(yīng)用。針對故障相的電流采樣值缺失,提出一種全新的缺項電流補(bǔ)償方法,即全階觀測器的估計值加上基于穩(wěn)態(tài)自適應(yīng)律的補(bǔ)償值,來代替故障的電流傳感器采樣值。利用延時最大值補(bǔ)償法解決了穩(wěn)態(tài)自適應(yīng)律的電流補(bǔ)償法中的數(shù)據(jù)溢出與轉(zhuǎn)速變化難題。在此基礎(chǔ)上提出了單電流無速度傳感器矢量控制系統(tǒng)。在基于ARM的2.2k W的感應(yīng)電機(jī)對拖實驗平臺,驗證了提出的電流傳感器故障診斷與容錯控制方案。實驗結(jié)果表明故障診斷策略診斷準(zhǔn)確,抗干擾能力強(qiáng)。本文提出的單電流無速度傳感器在全速范圍內(nèi)帶載穩(wěn)定,電流正弦度良好,轉(zhuǎn)速平穩(wěn),可作為速度傳感器及電流傳感器故障后的容錯控制策略。
[Abstract]:Induction motor is widely used in industrial transmission field because of its strong durability and low price. The fault-tolerant performance of its control system is related to production efficiency and property safety, so it has gradually become a hot issue in recent years. As a precision sensitive device in control system, the research of sensor fault diagnosis and fault-tolerant control is of great significance to the control system of induction motor. A fault diagnosis method based on coordinate transformation is proposed for current sensor fault diagnosis in speed sensorless mode. By using the special relation of input and output current in Clark transform, the single-phase fault or two-phase fault of current sensor can be determined. Clark transform? The axis is usually located on axis a, and can be located on axis b by 120 擄counterclockwise rotation. Different positioning methods can locate the faults of different phase sensors. The observer constructed by inverse Park transform is different from the value of Clark transform in different positioning mode, and the fault of current sensor is determined by the difference value. The calculation of this diagnostic method is very small and the diagnosis is accurate. Aiming at the fault tolerant control of current sensor in speed sensorless mode, a full order observer with rotor flux and stator flux as state variables is proposed, which reduces the effect of fault current on the stability of the full order observer. It is more favorable to fault tolerant control of current sensor fault. According to Lyapunov stability theorem, the adaptive law of rotational speed is deduced. The discretization of Euler method and trapezoidal method for full order observer are presented. The prediction term is added to the trapezoidal method, which eliminates the implicit equation, reduces the calculation of the trapezoidal method, and facilitates the application of the trapezoidal method in the high-speed control system. A novel compensation method for fault phase current sampling is proposed, that is, the estimation of the full order observer and the compensation value based on the steady-state adaptive law to replace the sampling value of the fault current sensor. The problem of data overflow and speed change in the current compensation method of steady-state adaptive law is solved by using the maximum delay compensation method. Based on this, a single current sensorless vector control system is proposed. The proposed current sensor fault diagnosis and fault-tolerant control scheme is verified on the 2.2kW induction motor pair towing experimental platform based on ARM. The experimental results show that the fault diagnosis strategy is accurate and the ability of anti-interference is strong. In this paper, the single current velocity-free sensor has the advantages of stable load, good sinusoidal current and stable rotational speed in the full speed range. It can be used as a fault tolerant control strategy for speed sensor and current sensor.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：哈爾濱工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TM346;TP212

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本文編號：1934691