本文選題：蓄冷蓄熱項目 + 節(jié)電力　； 參考：《北京交通大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：近十多年來,伴隨著我國經(jīng)濟(jì)的迅速發(fā)展:社會所需用電量直線上升。一方面,電力資源緊張,另一方面,電網(wǎng)負(fù)荷分布不均勻,峰谷差率較大。為緩解高峰電力緊張的局面,采用蓄冷蓄熱技術(shù)進(jìn)行削峰填谷一直都是業(yè)內(nèi)人士所研究的熱點,可是對于如何評價蓄冷蓄熱系統(tǒng)的節(jié)能減排效果尚不夠深入。目前關(guān)于復(fù)合空調(diào)系統(tǒng)綜合性能評價的方法體系還存在評價模型參差不齊、評價指標(biāo)不明確及評價方法主觀性強(qiáng)等問題。本課題以蓄冷蓄熱空調(diào)系統(tǒng)綜合性能評價為主線,以EnergyPlus能耗模擬分析軟件為依托,在總結(jié)和分析國內(nèi)外研究現(xiàn)狀的基礎(chǔ)上,采用數(shù)據(jù)包絡(luò)分析法(DEA),對評價指標(biāo)的選擇和評價體系的建立做了深入研究,主要工作及結(jié)論如下:首先,本文介紹了北京地區(qū)用電現(xiàn)狀及特點,簡述了北方地區(qū)冬季供暖的弊端,表明了改善電力結(jié)構(gòu)、緩解供電矛盾的迫切性。然后介紹了蓄能相關(guān)政策的發(fā)展,體現(xiàn)了建立蓄冷蓄熱項目評價體系的必要性。接著闡述了國內(nèi)外蓄冷蓄熱技術(shù)發(fā)展的理論研究和實踐經(jīng)驗,以及當(dāng)前評價理論與方法的研究進(jìn)展,為后續(xù)蓄冷蓄熱項目評價體系的建立提供了借鑒與參考。其次分別介紹了蓄冷蓄熱技術(shù)的基本理論以及系統(tǒng)運行模式。同時介紹了本文所用的評價方法:數(shù)據(jù)包絡(luò)法,主要是DEA模型的基本原理以及其中的CCR模型,并分析了 DEA模型的優(yōu)點。第三章以水蓄冷空氣源熱泵蓄熱的復(fù)合空調(diào)為例,根據(jù)蓄冷蓄熱空調(diào)系統(tǒng)的運行原理,建立了水蓄冷空氣源熱泵蓄熱的復(fù)合空調(diào)模型。并且運用EnergyPlus軟件來構(gòu)建仿真系統(tǒng),隨后模擬運行得到設(shè)計口冷熱負(fù)荷以及蓄冷蓄熱系統(tǒng)下的設(shè)計口逐時能耗,計算出轉(zhuǎn)移電荷并根據(jù)北京地區(qū)的峰谷電價來與常規(guī)空調(diào)的運行結(jié)果作比較。第四章在參考相關(guān)蓄冷蓄熱技術(shù)評價標(biāo)準(zhǔn)規(guī)范的基礎(chǔ)上,歸納總結(jié)了評價指標(biāo)的選取原則和方法,從技術(shù)、環(huán)保和經(jīng)濟(jì)三個角度選取了以下指標(biāo):節(jié)電力、常規(guī)能源代替率、年谷電利用率、二氧化碳減排率、靜態(tài)投資回收期及凈現(xiàn)值率。隨后建立了各種指標(biāo)的計算模型,并且建立了空調(diào)評價體系。為下文定量的分析不同類型的常規(guī)空調(diào)和蓄冷蓄熱空調(diào)作基礎(chǔ)。最后進(jìn)行算例驗證及分析,模擬了多種空調(diào)系統(tǒng)的運行并且進(jìn)行比較,通過仿真結(jié)果計算得到轉(zhuǎn)移高峰電量等變量,以此為基礎(chǔ)計算常相關(guān)指標(biāo),并且運用數(shù)據(jù)包絡(luò)法,對蓄冷蓄熱項目進(jìn)行評價,對具體計算模型實例進(jìn)行分析,對本課題建立的綜合評價體系在實際中的應(yīng)用做了示意說明。
[Abstract]:In the past ten years, with the rapid development of our economy, the power consumption of our society has risen sharply. On the one hand, the power resources are tight, on the other hand, the load distribution is uneven and the peak-valley difference is large. In order to alleviate the shortage of peak electric power, it is always a hot topic for the industry to use the technology of heat storage and storage to cut the peak and fill the valley, but how to evaluate the effect of energy saving and emission reduction of the thermal storage system is not deep enough. At present, there are still some problems in the comprehensive performance evaluation method system of composite air conditioning system, such as uneven evaluation model, unclear evaluation index and strong subjectivity of evaluation method, etc. Based on the comprehensive performance evaluation of the thermal storage and air conditioning system and the EnergyPlus energy consumption simulation analysis software, this paper summarizes and analyzes the current research situation at home and abroad. The selection of evaluation indexes and the establishment of evaluation system are deeply studied by using data envelopment analysis method. The main work and conclusions are as follows: firstly, this paper introduces the current situation and characteristics of electricity consumption in Beijing area. The disadvantages of heating in winter in northern China are briefly introduced, and the urgency of improving the electric power structure and alleviating the contradiction of power supply is indicated. Then the development of energy storage policy is introduced, which reflects the necessity of establishing the evaluation system of thermal storage project. Then the theoretical research and practical experience of the development of thermal storage and storage technology at home and abroad, as well as the research progress of the current evaluation theory and method are described, which provides a reference and reference for the establishment of the evaluation system of the subsequent cold storage and heat storage project. Secondly, the basic theory and system operation mode of heat storage and storage technology are introduced respectively. At the same time, the paper introduces the evaluation method used in this paper: data envelopment method, mainly the basic principle of DEA model and the CCR model, and analyzes the advantages of DEA model. In chapter 3, a composite air conditioning model of water storage air source heat pump is established according to the operation principle of water storage air source heat pump (WAPHP) according to the operation principle of cold storage air source heat pump (WAPHP). The simulation system is constructed by using EnergyPlus software, and then the design port cooling and heat load and the design port hourly energy consumption under the system are obtained by the simulation operation. The transfer charge is calculated and compared with the operating results of conventional air conditioners according to the peak and valley electricity prices in Beijing area. In the fourth chapter, on the basis of referring to the relevant evaluation standards and specifications of the cold storage and heat storage technology, the selection principles and methods of the evaluation indexes are summarized, and the following indicators are selected from the technical, environmental and economic perspectives: saving electricity, replacing rate of conventional energy, and so on. Annual valley utilization rate, carbon dioxide emission reduction rate, static investment recovery period and net present value rate. Then the calculation model of various indexes is established, and the air-conditioning evaluation system is established. For the following quantitative analysis of different types of conventional air-conditioning and thermal storage air-conditioning as the basis. At last, the operation of various air conditioning systems is simulated and compared. The transfer peak quantity and other variables are calculated by the simulation results. Based on this, the frequently related indexes are calculated, and the data envelope method is used. This paper evaluates the thermal storage project, analyzes the concrete calculation model and illustrates the application of the comprehensive evaluation system established in this paper in practice.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：北京交通大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TB657.2;TM73

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