本文選題：永磁同步電機(jī) + 矢量控制　； 參考：《西南交通大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：近年來,我國加快了節(jié)能減排和環(huán)境保護(hù)的步伐,永磁同步電機(jī)以其高效節(jié)能的優(yōu)點(diǎn)在現(xiàn)代工業(yè)領(lǐng)域得到了廣泛應(yīng)用,但傳統(tǒng)直接轉(zhuǎn)矩控制穩(wěn)態(tài)精度低,傳統(tǒng)矢量控制動態(tài)響應(yīng)慢,因此研究和發(fā)展高性能的永磁同步電機(jī)模型預(yù)測控制系統(tǒng)在現(xiàn)代工業(yè)領(lǐng)域具有重要的實(shí)用價(jià)值和戰(zhàn)略意義。本文以隱極式正弦波永磁同步電機(jī)為研究對象,以提高永磁同步電機(jī)控制方法的動態(tài)響應(yīng)速度和穩(wěn)態(tài)精度為研究目標(biāo),開展了基于傳統(tǒng)矢量控制和空間矢量脈寬調(diào)制(Space Vector Pulse Width Modulation,SVPWM)的永磁同步電機(jī)死區(qū)效應(yīng)在線補(bǔ)償方法研究和基于電流預(yù)測的永磁同步電機(jī)矢量控制研究。具體內(nèi)容如下:以永磁同步電機(jī)的基本工作原理為基礎(chǔ),推導(dǎo)了永磁同步電機(jī)在三種坐標(biāo)系下的數(shù)學(xué)模型。分析了永磁同步電機(jī)基于轉(zhuǎn)子磁場定向的矢量控制方法和SVPWM的實(shí)現(xiàn)過程,完成了永磁同步電機(jī)傳統(tǒng)矢量控制系統(tǒng)的計(jì)算機(jī)仿真驗(yàn)證。針對在電壓源型逆變器驅(qū)動的永磁同步電機(jī)系統(tǒng)中,開關(guān)器件的死區(qū)效應(yīng)會導(dǎo)致電機(jī)電流畸變,從而引起電機(jī)轉(zhuǎn)矩波動和損耗增加的問題,詳細(xì)推導(dǎo)了死區(qū)效應(yīng)對IGBT導(dǎo)通時(shí)間和輸出相電壓波形的影響,利用反并聯(lián)二極管的續(xù)流特性,并結(jié)合永磁同步電機(jī)d軸電流給定為零的矢量控制,提出了基于q軸電流誤差的死區(qū)效應(yīng)在線補(bǔ)償方法,所提方法無需電機(jī)和逆變器的精確模型,且未增加硬件電路。通過MATLAB/Simulink仿真驗(yàn)證了所提死區(qū)補(bǔ)償策略能夠較好地改善死區(qū)效應(yīng)。為提高永磁同步電機(jī)的動靜態(tài)性能,將模型預(yù)測與傳統(tǒng)矢量控制相結(jié)合,以電流預(yù)測控制取代矢量控制中的電流PI環(huán),完成了基于電流預(yù)測的永磁同步電機(jī)矢量控制研究。通過MATLAB/Simulink仿真驗(yàn)證了單矢量電流預(yù)測控制、雙矢量電流預(yù)測控制和無差拍電流預(yù)測控制在提高動態(tài)響應(yīng)速度和穩(wěn)態(tài)精度方面的優(yōu)越性,其中無差拍電流預(yù)測控制的動態(tài)響應(yīng)速度最快且穩(wěn)態(tài)精度最高。最后,在小功率永磁同步電機(jī)實(shí)驗(yàn)平臺上,對傳統(tǒng)死區(qū)補(bǔ)償方法與本文提出的在線補(bǔ)償方法進(jìn)行了對比實(shí)驗(yàn)研究,驗(yàn)證了本文提出的死區(qū)效應(yīng)在線補(bǔ)償方法可有效降低死區(qū)效應(yīng)引起的電機(jī)轉(zhuǎn)速波動和定子電流畸變,提高電流正弦度,減小電機(jī)轉(zhuǎn)速穩(wěn)態(tài)波動;對傳統(tǒng)矢量控制和無差拍電流預(yù)測控制進(jìn)行了對比實(shí)驗(yàn)研究,驗(yàn)證了無差拍電流預(yù)測控制較傳統(tǒng)矢量控制相比,具有更快的動態(tài)響應(yīng)速度和更高的穩(wěn)態(tài)精度。
[Abstract]:In recent years, China has accelerated the pace of energy saving and environmental protection. Permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) has been widely used in the field of modern industry because of its advantages of high efficiency and energy saving, but the steady-state precision of traditional direct torque control is low. The dynamic response of traditional vector control is slow, so the research and development of high performance PMSM model predictive control system has important practical value and strategic significance in the field of modern industry. In this paper, the aim of this paper is to improve the dynamic response speed and steady-state precision of the permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) control method by taking the hidden pole sinusoidal permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) as the research object. Based on the traditional vector control and space vector pulse width modulation space Vector Pulse Width modulation (SVPWM), the dead time compensation method of permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) and the vector control of PMSM based on current prediction are studied. The main contents are as follows: based on the basic principle of PMSM, the mathematical models of PMSM in three coordinate systems are derived. The vector control method of permanent magnet synchronous motor based on rotor flux orientation and the realization process of SVPWM are analyzed. The computer simulation of the traditional vector control system of permanent magnet synchronous motor is completed. In the permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) system driven by voltage source inverter, the dead-time effect of switching device will lead to the current distortion of the motor, which will lead to the increase of torque ripple and loss. In this paper, the influence of dead-time effect on IGBT conduction time and output phase voltage waveform is deduced in detail. Using the recurrent characteristics of anti-parallel diodes and the vector control of permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) with zero d-axis current, the DC current of PMSM is given to zero. An on-line compensation method for dead-time effect based on q-axis current error is proposed. The proposed method does not require accurate models of motor and inverter and does not add hardware circuits. The MATLAB/Simulink simulation shows that the proposed dead-time compensation strategy can improve the dead-time effect. In order to improve the static and static performance of permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM), the current Pi loop of PMSM is replaced by the current predictive control (CPC) instead of the current Pi loop by combining the model prediction with the traditional vector control, and the vector control of PMSM based on current prediction is completed. The advantages of single vector current predictive control, double vector current predictive control and non-beat current predictive control in improving dynamic response speed and steady-state accuracy are verified by MATLAB/Simulink simulation. The dynamic response speed and the steady-state precision of the non-beat current predictive control are the fastest and the highest. Finally, on the experimental platform of low power permanent magnet synchronous motor, the traditional dead-time compensation method is compared with the online compensation method proposed in this paper. It is verified that the online compensation method of dead-time effect can effectively reduce motor speed fluctuation and stator current distortion caused by dead-time effect, increase sinusoidal current and reduce steady state fluctuation of motor speed. Compared with the traditional vector control and the non-beat current predictive control, the experimental results show that the non-beat current predictive control has faster dynamic response speed and higher steady-state precision than the traditional vector control.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西南交通大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TM341

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