本文選題：大用戶直購電 + 功率分量理論�。� 參考：《華北電力大學(北京)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：從上一輪電力體制改革至今,大用戶直購電是電力市場化交易最重要的嘗試。大用戶直購電有利于提升電網(wǎng)服務(wù)質(zhì)量,提高經(jīng)營效率;有利于形成合理的電價機制和風險共擔機制;有利于發(fā)展和完善電力市場競爭機制。一方面,雖然直購電涉及對現(xiàn)有利益格局的調(diào)整,但由于目前直購電的理論研究尚不成熟,尚無細致、全面的分析。另一方面,隨著改革的推進,發(fā)電公司、電網(wǎng)公司和電力用戶的責任及利益更加明晰,各市場主體希望能明確直購電對電網(wǎng)利潤分布的影響。然而,目前電網(wǎng)公司的經(jīng)濟核算辦法只能體現(xiàn)整體盈虧狀況。如果能精確定量分析直購電前后電網(wǎng)各部分的利潤變化,則能為精準的經(jīng)濟調(diào)度和調(diào)控以及相關(guān)政策的制定提供有力依據(jù)。本文提出電網(wǎng)利潤分布命題,并給出了一種電網(wǎng)利潤分布的求解方法。首先,提出一種適用于多電源多負荷環(huán)網(wǎng)的雙向追蹤方法,該方法基于功率分量理論和支路等效變換,能給出電源供電鏈路和負荷汲取電能鏈路,此為利潤計算的物理基礎(chǔ);其次,將此雙向追蹤結(jié)果與經(jīng)濟核算相匹配,依據(jù)費用守恒原則建立節(jié)點、支路的經(jīng)濟模型和電網(wǎng)經(jīng)濟分布模型;最后,通過“利潤分布曲面圖”和“利潤率分布等高線”圖形化描述全網(wǎng)利潤情況。該方法實現(xiàn)了能量與經(jīng)濟的匹配統(tǒng)一,能精準反映電網(wǎng)局部利益關(guān)系,能直觀、細致、形象地刻畫電網(wǎng)利潤分布特征。運用該方法對比研究直購電前后IEEE 39節(jié)點系統(tǒng)各處的利潤分布情況,定量分析市場各方利益變化;指出直購電會影響所有市場主體的利潤狀況,而當前直購電政策采取的“雙軌制”是一種“強制性”利益分配方式,一定程度有失公平。因而,有必要研究制定更為合理的直購電政策,從而盡可能平衡好各方利益。
[Abstract]:Since the last round of electric power system reform, direct purchase of electricity by large customers is the most important attempt of electricity market transaction. Direct purchase of electricity by large users is conducive to improving the service quality of the power grid and improving the operating efficiency; it is conducive to the formation of a reasonable electricity price mechanism and risk-sharing mechanism; it is conducive to the development and improvement of the competitive mechanism of the electricity market. On the one hand, although direct purchase of electricity involves the adjustment of the existing interest pattern, but the theoretical study of direct purchase of electricity is still immature, there is no detailed and comprehensive analysis. On the other hand, with the promotion of the reform, the responsibilities and interests of power generation companies, grid companies and power users become clearer, and the market participants hope to clarify the impact of direct purchase of electricity on the distribution of power grid profits. However, the current economic accounting methods of grid companies can only reflect the overall profit and loss situation. If the profit changes of each part of the power network before and after direct purchase can be quantitatively analyzed accurately, it can provide a powerful basis for accurate economic dispatch and regulation, as well as the formulation of relevant policies. In this paper, the proposition of power network profit distribution is put forward, and a method to solve it is given. Firstly, a bidirectional tracing method is proposed for multi-power and multi-load loop networks. Based on power component theory and branch equivalent transformation, the power supply link and load-absorbing power link can be given, which is the physical basis of profit calculation. Secondly, the two-way tracking results are matched with economic accounting, and the economic model of node, branch and economic distribution model of power grid are established according to the principle of cost conservation. The profit situation of the whole network is described graphically by "profit distribution surface graph" and "profit rate distribution contour line". This method realizes the unity of energy and economy, can accurately reflect the local interests of power grid, and can visualize, meticulously and vividly describe the distribution characteristics of power grid profit. This method is used to compare and study the profit distribution of IEEE 39 node system before and after direct purchase of electricity, to quantitatively analyze the change of interests of all parties in the market, and to point out that direct purchase of electricity will affect the profit situation of all market entities. At present, the "double track system" adopted by the direct purchase policy is a kind of "compulsory" distribution of benefits, which is unfair to some extent. Therefore, it is necessary to make a more reasonable direct purchase policy, so as to balance the interests of all parties as far as possible.
【學位授予單位】：華北電力大學(北京)
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：F426.61

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