本文選題：VSC-HVDC + 城市電網(wǎng)��； 參考：《華北電力大學(北京)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：我國能源資源和負荷中心呈逆向分布,為優(yōu)化資源配置,需從西部和北部的能源基地將電能輸送到中東部負荷中心。高壓直流輸電技術(shù)在遠距離大容量的跨區(qū)輸送電能方面具有優(yōu)勢,因此發(fā)展特高壓輸電是實現(xiàn)清潔替代的基礎(chǔ),是構(gòu)建全球能源互聯(lián)網(wǎng)的關(guān)鍵。但是特高壓直流輸電直接接入負荷中心,由于落點集中且輸送容量大,若發(fā)生直流故障,將造成大范圍潮流的轉(zhuǎn)移,嚴重威脅著受端電網(wǎng)的安全穩(wěn)定性。基于電壓源換流器的高壓直流輸電技術(shù)(voltage source converter based high voltage direct current,VSC-HVDC)能夠克服傳統(tǒng)直流輸電技術(shù)的一些缺陷,在調(diào)節(jié)潮流、穩(wěn)定電壓等方面具有明顯的優(yōu)勢,是向城市中心區(qū)域供電的最佳途徑,能解決當前城市電網(wǎng)面臨的諸如短路電流超標等現(xiàn)實問題,具有至關(guān)重要的意義。論文主要針對VSC-HVDC在城市電網(wǎng)的可行性和接入后的適應性問題進行研究。VSC-HVDC不需要受端電網(wǎng)提供換向電流,能夠自關(guān)斷,無換向失敗的問題,理論上可工作在任何強度的電網(wǎng),但是需要考慮VSC-HVDC的接入對受端電網(wǎng)運行安全穩(wěn)定性的影響。通過分析VSC-HVDC接入弱交流電網(wǎng)的運行特性,搭建接入弱交流電網(wǎng)的數(shù)學模型,推導出最大輸送功率公式,引入短路比(short-circuit ratio,SCR)的概念,分析接入交流電網(wǎng)的影響因素,求解出VSC-HVDC接入交流電網(wǎng)的臨界短路比,并在PSD-BPA軟件中利用實際電網(wǎng)數(shù)據(jù)搭建小型模型,驗證了理論分析的正確性,為工程應用提供理論指導。同時,VSC-HVDC靈活調(diào)節(jié)潮流,可單獨調(diào)節(jié)有功無功,在不改變電壓極性和控制模式下,實現(xiàn)潮流反轉(zhuǎn),當電壓下降或發(fā)生崩潰后,能夠啟動自身參考電壓,快速恢復供電和黑啟動。通過推導出VSC-HVDC在城市電網(wǎng)中的交直流系統(tǒng)的潮流模型,求解出VSC-HVDC在城市電網(wǎng)中故障下的最優(yōu)潮流優(yōu)化,并利用PSD-BPA軟件中某城市實際模型進行求解分析。VSC-HVDC不需要交流側(cè)提供無功功率,能根據(jù)電網(wǎng)的無功需求靈活地調(diào)節(jié)發(fā)出或吸收無功功率,動態(tài)補償交流母線的無功功率,并穩(wěn)定交流母線電壓。通過在PSD-BPA軟件中利用實際電網(wǎng)模型對故障下VSC-HVDC對系統(tǒng)電壓的影響進行仿真分析。
[Abstract]:The energy resources and load centers in China are distributed in reverse direction. In order to optimize the allocation of resources, it is necessary to transfer electric energy from the energy bases in the west and north to the load centers in the central and eastern parts of China. High voltage direct current (HVDC) transmission technology has advantages in long-distance and large-capacity power transmission across regions. Therefore, the development of UHV transmission is the basis of clean substitution and the key to the construction of global energy Internet. However, when UHVDC is directly connected to the load center, if DC fault occurs, it will cause a large-scale power flow transfer, which will seriously threaten the safety and stability of the receiving power network because of the concentrated landing point and large transmission capacity. Voltage source converter based HVDC technology can overcome some defects of traditional HVDC technology and has obvious advantages in regulating power flow and stabilizing voltage. It is the best way to supply power to the central area of the city. It is of great significance to solve the current problems such as short circuit current exceeding the standard and so on. This paper mainly focuses on the feasibility and adaptability of VSC-HVDC in urban power network. VSC-HVDC does not need to provide commutation current from the receiving network, can turn off itself, and has no commutation failure. In theory, it can work in any power grid of any intensity. However, it is necessary to consider the influence of VSC-HVDC access on the security and stability of the receiving power network. Based on the analysis of the operation characteristics of VSC-HVDC access to weak AC power grid, the mathematical model of accessing weak AC power grid is built, the maximum transmission power formula is derived, the concept of short-circuit short-circuit SCR is introduced, and the influencing factors of accessing AC power network are analyzed. The critical short-circuit ratio of VSC-HVDC connected to AC power network is solved, and a small model is built by using actual power grid data in PSD-BPA software, which verifies the correctness of theoretical analysis and provides theoretical guidance for engineering application. At the same time, VSC-HVDC can adjust the power flow flexibly, can adjust the active and reactive power alone, and realize the power flow reversal without changing the voltage polarity and control mode. When the voltage drops or collapses, it can start its own reference voltage and quickly restore the power supply and black start. By deducing the power flow model of AC / DC system of VSC-HVDC in urban power network, the optimal power flow optimization of VSC-HVDC in urban power network is obtained. VSC-HVDC does not need AC side to provide reactive power, it can flexibly adjust or absorb reactive power according to the reactive power demand of power grid, and dynamically compensate reactive power of AC bus. And stable AC bus voltage. The effect of VSC-HVDC on system voltage under fault is simulated and analyzed by using the actual power network model in PSD-BPA software.
【學位授予單位】：華北電力大學(北京)
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TM721.1

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