本文選題：混合儲能 + 兩重濾波器��； 參考：《湖北工業(yè)大學》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：微電網中太陽能等發(fā)電單元的裝機容量正不斷上升,國家規(guī)劃在“十三五”末中國光伏電站裝機量將達150GW,其中地面集中式電站80GW,分布式電站裝機容量接近半壁江山,預計達到70GW裝機容量。但是太陽能等發(fā)電單元具有功率輸出的隨機性和時效性的特點,導致單獨使用太陽能、風能這樣的發(fā)電單元的微電網很難滿足其負載的穩(wěn)定運行。發(fā)電單元的發(fā)電功率短時間內的頻繁波動也對微電網的電能質量提出嚴峻考驗。而混合儲能系統(tǒng)作為一種可以調度的資源可以彌補微電網中發(fā)電單元的這一缺陷。通過相應的控制策略,可以平滑發(fā)電單元的功率波動,改善電能質量。同時還考慮了混合儲能系統(tǒng)的容量配比問題,在滿足微電網運行的條件下,消除了微電網中的混合儲能系統(tǒng)的運行風險和減小了運行成本。本文圍繞著微電網和混合儲能系統(tǒng)的系統(tǒng)結構和控制策略主要做了以下幾個方面的工作:第一,概述了本文的研究背景,分別討論了微電網和混合儲能系統(tǒng)的研究現(xiàn)狀,研究了目前微電網發(fā)電單元存在的調度以及存儲上所面臨的問題,提出本文要解決的問題。第二,分析混合儲能系統(tǒng)中的不同的儲能單元(超級電容和蓄電池)的性質,并據此提出了一種微電網中的混合儲能系統(tǒng)的拓撲結構,并介紹了DC/DC變換器的工作原理。還設計并優(yōu)化了一種應用在微電網中的兩重低通濾波器,其中第一重低通濾波根據發(fā)電單元當前狀態(tài)自適應調節(jié)濾波器參數(shù),優(yōu)化發(fā)電單元的輸出功率,平抑發(fā)電單元的輸出功率波動。第二重低通濾波器區(qū)分出微電網中的發(fā)電單元發(fā)出的功率的高頻和低頻波動,再由執(zhí)行機構分配不同的儲能單元的出力達到抑制微電網中發(fā)電單元功率波動的目的。第三,闡述了混合儲能系統(tǒng)抑制微電網中發(fā)電單元功率波動的策略和混合儲能系統(tǒng)自身的控制策略。并設置相關限制條件,以保證微電網穩(wěn)定可靠運行。第四,利用粒子群算法求解多目標函數(shù)。分別提出以平抑發(fā)電單元功率波動,以滿足微電網極限情況可靠運行為目標的多目標函數(shù)。然后提出一種根據不同調度周期內目標值與平均值的差確定加權系數(shù)的多目標函數(shù)擬合的方法。用改進后的粒子群算法求解擬合后的目標函數(shù)。并對傳統(tǒng)的粒子群算法進行改進,加入慣性權重自適應策略和最差粒子淘汰策略。以解決傳統(tǒng)的粒子群算法容易陷入“早熟”的缺點。第五,搭建軟件與硬件實驗平臺。對控制策略的軟件和硬件平臺進行整體設計。通過比較分析混合儲能系統(tǒng)中的蓄電池和超級電容的功率波動,直接反映出了功率分配情況。通過與傳統(tǒng)的混合儲能控制策略做比較,反映出優(yōu)化后的混合儲能控制策略與傳統(tǒng)的混合儲能控制策略相比可節(jié)約4.3%的成本,且平抑發(fā)電單元的功率波動的性能也有了顯著地提高。由此可證明本文提出的能量管理策略具有一定的理論意義和實際應用價值。
[Abstract]:In the micro grid, the installed capacity of the solar power unit is rising continuously. The national plan will reach 150GW at the end of 13th Five-Year, in which the power station 80GW of the ground centralized power station is close to half of the power capacity of the distributed power station, and the installed capacity of the power plant is expected to reach the 70GW installed capacity. The characteristics of randomness and timeliness lead to the use of solar energy alone. The micro grid of power generation units such as wind energy is difficult to meet the stable operation of its load. The frequent fluctuations of power generation power in a short time also put a severe test on the power quality of the microgrid. The hybrid energy storage system can be used as a scheduling resource. Through the corresponding control strategy, the power fluctuation of the power generation unit can be smoothed and the power quality is improved. At the same time, the capacity ratio problem of the hybrid energy storage system is considered, and the operation risk and reduction of the hybrid energy storage system in the microgrid are eliminated under the conditions of the micro grid operation. This paper focuses on the system structure and control strategy of micro grid and hybrid energy storage system. Firstly, the research background of this paper is summarized, the research status of micro grid and hybrid energy storage system is discussed respectively, and the existing scheduling and storage of the current microgrid power generation unit are studied. Second, analyze the properties of different energy storage units (supercapacitors and batteries) in the hybrid energy storage system, and propose a topology of the hybrid energy storage system in the micro grid, and introduce the working principle of the DC/DC converter, and design and optimize a kind of application in the microgrid. The first low pass filter, in which the first low pass filter adaptively adjusts the filter parameters according to the current state of the power generation unit, optimizes the output power of the generating unit and reduces the output power fluctuation of the generating unit. The second low pass filter area separates the high frequency and low frequency fluctuation of the power generated by the generating unit in the microgrid, and then it is implemented again. The distribution of different energy storage units in the row mechanism can achieve the purpose of restraining the power fluctuation of the power generation unit in the microgrid. Third, the strategy of the hybrid energy storage system to restrain the power fluctuation of the power unit in the microgrid and the control strategy of the hybrid energy storage system itself is expounded, and the relevant restrictions are set up to ensure the stable and reliable operation of the micro grid. Four, the multiobjective function is solved by the particle swarm optimization (PSO). The multi-objective function is proposed to suppress the power fluctuation of the power generation unit to satisfy the reliable operation of the microgrid limit, and then a method of multi objective function fitting is proposed based on the difference between the target value and the average value in the different scheduling period. The particle swarm optimization algorithm is used to solve the fitted objective function. The traditional particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm is improved, the inertia weight adaptive strategy and the worst particle elimination strategy are added to solve the shortcomings of the traditional particle swarm optimization (PSO). Fifth, the software and hardware platform of the software and hardware are built. By comparing and analyzing the power fluctuation of the battery and supercapacitor in the hybrid energy storage system, the power distribution is directly reflected. By comparing with the traditional hybrid energy storage control strategy, it is shown that the optimized hybrid energy storage control strategy can save 4.3% of the traditional hybrid energy storage control strategy compared with the traditional hybrid energy storage control strategy. The performance of the power fluctuation in this unit has also been greatly improved. Thus, it is proved that the energy management strategy proposed in this paper has some theoretical significance and practical application value.

【學位授予單位】：湖北工業(yè)大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TM727

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本文編號：1776526