本文選題：熱電聯(lián)產(chǎn) + 高背壓�。� 參考：《華北電力大學(xué)(北京)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：熱電聯(lián)產(chǎn)是我國(guó)重大節(jié)能措施和電力生產(chǎn)重要組成部分。2016年3月,國(guó)家發(fā)改委、能源局等聯(lián)合頒布了《熱電聯(lián)產(chǎn)管理辦法》要求北方大中型城市熱電聯(lián)產(chǎn)集中供熱率達(dá)到60%以上。預(yù)計(jì)未來(lái)將有大批燃煤發(fā)電機(jī)組進(jìn)行熱電聯(lián)產(chǎn)改造或新建熱電聯(lián)產(chǎn)機(jī)組。高背壓梯級(jí)供熱技術(shù)是熱電聯(lián)產(chǎn)供熱改造中重點(diǎn)關(guān)注和采用的技術(shù)。機(jī)組采用高背壓梯級(jí)供熱能降低冷源損失、提高循環(huán)熱效率、擴(kuò)大機(jī)組供熱能力,達(dá)到熱電聯(lián)產(chǎn)系統(tǒng)的節(jié)能降耗。本論文涉及工作為國(guó)家科技支撐計(jì)劃課題“火電機(jī)組汽輪機(jī)低位能梯級(jí)供熱技術(shù)研究”任務(wù)的一部分,即為示范機(jī)組應(yīng)用高背壓梯級(jí)供熱改造提供可研分析。本文詳細(xì)論述了高背壓梯級(jí)供熱技術(shù),針對(duì)示范機(jī)組確定集中供熱的邊界條件,應(yīng)用Ebsilon軟件建立高背壓梯級(jí)供熱機(jī)組變工況計(jì)算模型,在此基礎(chǔ)上,進(jìn)行了高背壓梯級(jí)供熱機(jī)組變工況性能分析,此外闡述了高背壓梯級(jí)供熱系統(tǒng)的熱負(fù)荷分配計(jì)算方法,并采用熱量分配法計(jì)算高背壓供熱機(jī)組的熱經(jīng)濟(jì)性。針對(duì)示范電廠2*350MW超臨界單抽供熱機(jī)組,1號(hào)機(jī)組采用高背壓梯級(jí)供熱技術(shù)改造,2號(hào)機(jī)組仍采用原來(lái)的抽凝供熱方式,結(jié)合當(dāng)?shù)貙?shí)際供熱參數(shù)和情況,計(jì)算分析該廠改造前后承擔(dān)設(shè)計(jì)熱負(fù)荷和承擔(dān)最大供熱能力的熱經(jīng)濟(jì)性。結(jié)果表明:承擔(dān)設(shè)計(jì)熱負(fù)荷時(shí),改造后供熱季152天平均全廠發(fā)電標(biāo)準(zhǔn)煤耗率為205.46 g/kW·h;承擔(dān)最大供熱能力時(shí),全廠發(fā)電標(biāo)準(zhǔn)煤耗率為199.07 g/kW·h,應(yīng)用高背壓梯級(jí)供熱技術(shù)節(jié)能效果顯著。對(duì)汽輪機(jī)排汽余熱直供與抽汽耦合梯級(jí)供熱系統(tǒng)(DCK供熱系統(tǒng))熱負(fù)荷分配問題進(jìn)行研究,以某實(shí)際熱網(wǎng)為對(duì)象,針對(duì)DCK供熱系統(tǒng)提出不同的近、遠(yuǎn)程熱負(fù)荷分配方案。以系統(tǒng)熱源、熱網(wǎng)整體經(jīng)濟(jì)性為評(píng)價(jià)指標(biāo),結(jié)合近、遠(yuǎn)程熱網(wǎng)調(diào)節(jié)變工況計(jì)算,計(jì)算不同熱負(fù)荷分配方案下年折算收益,確定DCK系統(tǒng)最優(yōu)熱負(fù)荷分配方案。
[Abstract]:Cogeneration of heat and power is an important part of energy saving measures and power production in China. In March 2016, the National Development and Reform Commission,The Energy Bureau has jointly promulgated the measures for the management of cogeneration of heat and power, which requires the central heating rate of the cogeneration of heat and power in large and medium-sized cities in the north to reach more than 60%.It is expected that a large number of coal-fired generating units will be cogeneration retrofitted or newly built in the future.High back pressure cascade heating technology is one of the most important technologies in the cogeneration heating transformation.The unit adopts high back pressure cascade thermal energy supply to reduce the loss of cold source, to improve the cycle heat efficiency, to expand the heat supply capacity of the unit, and to achieve the energy saving and consumption reduction of the cogeneration system.This paper is concerned with a part of the task of "Research on low energy cascade heating technology of steam turbine", which is a part of the national science and technology support project, that is, to provide research and analysis for the application of high back pressure cascade heating system to demonstration units.In this paper, the technology of high backpressure cascade heating is discussed in detail. According to the boundary conditions of central heating for demonstration units, the calculation model of variable working conditions of high backpressure cascade heating units is established by using Ebsilon software.The performance analysis of high back pressure cascade heating unit is carried out. In addition, the calculation method of heat load distribution of high back pressure cascade heating system is expounded, and the heat economy of high back pressure heating unit is calculated by heat distribution method.In view of the 2*350MW supercritical single extraction heating unit in the demonstration power plant, the No. 1 unit is retrofitted with high backpressure cascade heating technology, and the No. 2 unit is still using the original pumping heating mode, combining with the local actual heating parameters and conditions.The thermal economy of design heat load and maximum heating capacity before and after revamping of the plant was calculated and analyzed.The results show that the standard coal consumption rate of the whole plant is 205.46 g/kW / h for the 152-day heating season and 199.07 g/kW / h for the maximum heating capacity, so the energy saving effect of the cascade heating technology with high backpressure is remarkable when the design heat load is taken on, and the standard coal consumption rate of the whole plant is 199.07 g/kW / h when the maximum heating capacity is assumed.The heat load distribution of steam turbine exhaust heat supply and exhaust cascade heating system is studied. Taking a practical heating network as an example, different near and long distance heat load distribution schemes are proposed for DCK heating system.Taking the heat source of the system and the overall economy of the heat network as the evaluation index, combined with the calculation of the near and remote heat network regulation and variable working conditions, the conversion income of different heat load distribution schemes in the next year is calculated, and the optimal heat load distribution scheme of the DCK system is determined.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華北電力大學(xué)(北京)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：TM621

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