本文選題：驗(yàn)電器 + 啟動(dòng)電壓�。� 參考：《武漢大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：高壓交流驗(yàn)電器是檢測(cè)電力設(shè)備是否帶電的專用電力安全工器具,其可靠性將直接影響檢修作業(yè)人員對(duì)設(shè)備狀態(tài)的判斷,對(duì)于保障電網(wǎng)設(shè)備、人身安全、規(guī)范電力行業(yè)安全操作規(guī)程具有重要意義。驗(yàn)電器在分裂導(dǎo)線、均壓環(huán)、連接線夾、防震錘等部位驗(yàn)電時(shí)存在驗(yàn)電盲區(qū),同一電壓等級(jí)中多分裂導(dǎo)線的驗(yàn)電盲區(qū)更廣,采用電容型驗(yàn)電器難以準(zhǔn)確反映實(shí)際現(xiàn)場(chǎng)情況。另一方面,驗(yàn)電器在驗(yàn)電過程中存在待測(cè)設(shè)備不帶電卻因周圍設(shè)備的同向干擾誤報(bào)警情況。針對(duì)上述缺陷,本文開展了基于驗(yàn)電器內(nèi)部結(jié)構(gòu)和外部電場(chǎng)環(huán)境的驗(yàn)電器啟動(dòng)電壓影響因素研究,以期探索合理的驗(yàn)電器啟動(dòng)電壓閾值,總結(jié)驗(yàn)電改進(jìn)措施。首先,本文研究了驗(yàn)電器內(nèi)部的模塊組成與功能原理,基于電子電路仿真軟件Multisim仿真分析了驗(yàn)電器啟動(dòng)與否內(nèi)部數(shù)字電路的動(dòng)作情況,確定了驗(yàn)電器啟動(dòng)所需的最小內(nèi)部信號(hào)電壓和最小啟動(dòng)電流,為判斷多影響因素下驗(yàn)電器的啟動(dòng)情況提供理論依據(jù)。其次,本文從電場(chǎng)角度分析了驗(yàn)電器PCB板上的內(nèi)部信號(hào)感應(yīng)電壓與測(cè)量位置、導(dǎo)線分裂數(shù)、驗(yàn)電器切入角、塔型、金具等因素的關(guān)系,利用有限元仿真軟件ANSYS對(duì)220kV多分裂線路進(jìn)行1:1三維仿真建模,分析了桿塔及分裂導(dǎo)線周圍的電場(chǎng)分布特點(diǎn),研究了驗(yàn)電器對(duì)線路周圍空間電場(chǎng)分布的畸變作用,量化比較了測(cè)量位置、導(dǎo)線分裂數(shù)、切入角等因素對(duì)驗(yàn)電器啟動(dòng)電壓的影響程度,確定了接觸電極增設(shè)延長段的長度范圍。此外,本文基于電磁暫態(tài)仿真軟件ATP-EMTP對(duì)常規(guī)220kV同塔雙回線路和500kV/220kV同塔四回混壓并架線路模型進(jìn)行仿真分析,研究了同塔多回線路隨線路長度和輸送功率變化在停運(yùn)線路產(chǎn)生的感應(yīng)電壓特性,提出了合理的啟動(dòng)電壓范圍,以防止因感應(yīng)電壓或干擾電場(chǎng)造成驗(yàn)電器誤報(bào)警。最后,在原有高壓驗(yàn)電器的基礎(chǔ)上研究了提高驗(yàn)電靈敏性的改進(jìn)方案,提出了延長接觸電極(Y型)、調(diào)整內(nèi)部工作電路等改進(jìn)措施,在中國電科院高壓所開展了改進(jìn)驗(yàn)電器的應(yīng)用試驗(yàn),驗(yàn)證了改進(jìn)方案的可行性,并針對(duì)驗(yàn)電盲區(qū)問題以及驗(yàn)電器使用過程中存在的問題提出了驗(yàn)電器使用規(guī)范建議。
[Abstract]:High voltage alternating current electrical apparatus is a special electric power safety device that detects whether power equipment is electrified or not. Its reliability will directly affect the inspection and repair workers' judgment of equipment status, and ensure the safety of power network equipment and personal safety.It is of great significance to standardize the safety operation rules of electric power industry.There is a blind area of electric test in the parts of split conductor, voltage equal ring, connecting wire clamp, shock proof hammer, etc. In the same voltage grade, the electric blind area of multi-split conductor is wider, so it is difficult to accurately reflect the actual situation by using capacitive type electrical apparatus.On the other hand, in the process of electrical test, there are false alarms due to the codirectional interference of the equipment to be tested without being charged.In view of the above defects, this paper studies the factors affecting the starting voltage of electrical apparatus based on the internal structure and external electric field environment, in order to explore a reasonable threshold of starting voltage and summarize the improvement measures.First of all, this paper studies the module composition and function principle of the electrical apparatus, based on the electronic circuit simulation software Multisim, the paper analyzes the operation of the internal digital circuit whether the electronic circuit is started or not.The minimum internal signal voltage and the minimum starting current are determined, which provides a theoretical basis for judging the starting condition of the detector under the condition of multiple influence factors.Secondly, from the angle of electric field, this paper analyzes the relationship between internal signal inductive voltage and measuring position, wire splitting number, electrical cut-in angle, tower type, hardware and so on.Using the finite element simulation software ANSYS, the 1:1 3D simulation model of 220kV multi-splitting line is built, and the characteristics of electric field distribution around the pole tower and split-wire are analyzed, and the distortion of the electric field distribution around the line is studied.The influence of measuring position, wire splitting number and tangent angle on the starting voltage of the tester is quantitatively compared, and the length range of the additional extension section of the contact electrode is determined.In addition, based on the electromagnetic transient simulation software ATP-EMTP, this paper simulates and analyzes the conventional 220kV double-circuit line and the 500kV/220kV four-circuit circuit model.In this paper, the inductive voltage characteristics of multi-circuit lines with the line length and transmission power are studied, and a reasonable starting voltage range is put forward to prevent the false alarm caused by inductive voltage or interference electric field.Finally, on the basis of the original high voltage electrical apparatus, the improvement scheme of improving the sensitivity of electric inspection is studied, and the improvement measures such as prolonging the contact electrode, adjusting the internal working circuit, etc., are put forward.The application test of improved electrical apparatus was carried out in the Institute of High Voltage of Chinese Academy of Electrical Science, which verified the feasibility of the improved scheme, and put forward some suggestions on the standard for the use of electrical apparatus in view of the problems in the blind area of electric inspection and the problems existing in the process of using the electrical apparatus.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：武漢大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：TM933.23

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本文編號(hào)：1756172