本文選題：有機太陽能電池 + 高光電轉(zhuǎn)化效率��； 參考：《南昌航空大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：有機太陽能電池(Organic solar cells,OSCs)具有材料來源廣泛、質(zhì)量輕、制備工藝簡單、可大面積制備等優(yōu)點,是一種極具應(yīng)用潛力的光伏技術(shù)。為了實現(xiàn)OSCs實用化,進一步提高其光電轉(zhuǎn)化效率(PCE)是目前研究的焦點。有機太陽能電池由電極材料、活性層材料和界面層材料組成�；钚詫硬牧虾徒缑鎸硬牧险{(diào)控對OSCs光電轉(zhuǎn)化效率的提高起到至關(guān)重要的作用。合適的活性層材料可以拓寬光吸收范圍,提高激子分離效率。合適的界面層材料能有效抑制激子復(fù)合,降低活性層/電極界面的接觸電阻。本論文擬從活性層和空穴傳輸界面層兩個方面對OSCs進行改性,進一步提高OSCs的光電轉(zhuǎn)化效率。1、傳統(tǒng)活性層由一個電子給體和一個電子受體二元共混而成。針對二元共混活性層的缺點,特別是在光吸收范圍上的限制,本論文發(fā)展了三元共混活性層。本論文在PTB7:PC71BM二元共混體系基礎(chǔ)上,加入自制小分子第三組份,拓寬活性層的光吸收范圍,實現(xiàn)大幅提高有機太陽能的光電轉(zhuǎn)化效率。本論文合成了一系列小分子第三組份,其中小分子FTR吸光范圍最寬,向PTB7:PC71BM二元共混體系中加入15%w/w的FTR后,光電轉(zhuǎn)化效率從7.0%提高到8.3%。研究發(fā)現(xiàn),向PTB7:PC71BM二元共混體系中加入FTR后,FTR可與PTB7發(fā)生電子轉(zhuǎn)移,這能顯著提高電池的短路電流。加入FTR后,活性層的激子分離不僅發(fā)生在PTB7與PC71BM之間,也發(fā)生在PTB7與FTR之間,這可以顯著增加激子解離,促進填充因子的提高。短路電流與填充因子的提高導(dǎo)致OSCs光電轉(zhuǎn)化效率顯著提高。2、界面層材料包括傳輸電子界面層材料和傳輸空穴界面層材料。其中傳輸空穴界面層材料發(fā)展滯后,目前商業(yè)化產(chǎn)品只有PEDOT:PSS一種。PEDOT:PSS具有酸性和吸濕性,不利于器件的長期穩(wěn)定。特別是絕緣的PSS和強各向異性的PEDOT會限制電荷的傳輸和收集,不利于電池光電轉(zhuǎn)化效率的提高。針對PEDOT:PSS的缺點,本論文開發(fā)了一系列新型的pH中性共軛聚電解質(zhì)(Conjugated polyelectrolytes,CPEs)類空穴傳輸界面層材料。光電轉(zhuǎn)化效率測試結(jié)果表明,本論文開發(fā)的CPEs可以促進活性層與電極形成歐姆接觸,從而提高電池開路電壓;具有高且均勻的電導(dǎo)率,可以提高空穴提取效率,降低激子復(fù)合,從而提高電池短路電流和填充因子;具有pH值中性的特點,從而提高器件的穩(wěn)定性。使用本論文開發(fā)的CPEs作為空穴傳輸層,OSCs光電轉(zhuǎn)化效率得到顯著提高。
[Abstract]:Organic solar cells (OSC) is a promising photovoltaic technology with wide range of materials, light weight, simple preparation process, large area preparation and so on.In order to realize the practicality of OSCs, it is the focus of research at present to further improve its photoelectric conversion efficiency.Organic solar cells are composed of electrode material, active layer material and interface layer material.The regulation of active layer material and interfacial layer material plays an important role in improving the photoelectric conversion efficiency of OSCs.The suitable active layer material can widen the range of light absorption and improve the efficiency of exciton separation.The suitable interfacial layer material can effectively restrain exciton recombination and reduce the contact resistance of the active layer / electrode interface.In this thesis, the OSCs was modified from the active layer and the hole transport interface layer to further improve the photoelectric conversion efficiency of OSCs. The traditional active layer was composed of an electron donor and an electron receptor binary blend.In view of the shortcomings of binary blend active layer, especially the limitation of optical absorption range, the ternary blend active layer has been developed in this paper.In this paper, based on the PTB7:PC71BM binary blend system, the third component of small molecule is added to widen the range of light absorption of active layer and achieve a significant increase in the photoconversion efficiency of organic solar energy.In this paper, a series of third components of small molecules have been synthesized, in which the absorption range of small molecule FTR is the widest. With the addition of FTR of 15%w/w to PTB7:PC71BM binary blend system, the photoelectric conversion efficiency is increased from 7.0% to 8.3%.It is found that the addition of FTR to PTB7:PC71BM binary blends can result in electron transfer with PTB7, which can significantly increase the short circuit current of the battery.After the addition of FTR, the exciton separation of the active layer occurs not only between PTB7 and PC71BM, but also between PTB7 and FTR, which can significantly increase exciton dissociation and increase the filling factor.The increase of short circuit current and filling factor leads to a significant increase in the photoelectric conversion efficiency of OSCs. The interfacial layer materials include transmission electronic interface layer material and transmission hole interface layer material.The material of transport hole interface layer is lagging behind. At present, only one kind of commercial product, PEDOT:PSS, is acidic and hygroscopically absorbent, which is not conducive to the long-term stability of the device.In particular, insulating PSS and strongly anisotropic PEDOT will limit the transmission and collection of charges, which is not conducive to the improvement of the photovoltaic conversion efficiency of the cell.In order to overcome the disadvantages of PEDOT:PSS, a series of novel pH neutral conjugated polyelectrolyte (CPEs) hollow transport interface layer materials have been developed in this paper.The results of photoelectric conversion efficiency test show that the CPEs developed in this paper can promote the ohmic contact between the active layer and the electrode, thus increase the open circuit voltage of the battery, have high and uniform conductivity, improve the hole extraction efficiency and reduce the exciton recombination.Thus, the short-circuit current and filling factor of the battery are improved, and the stability of the device is improved because of the neutral pH value.Using the CPEs developed in this paper as the hole transport layer, the photoelectric conversion efficiency has been improved significantly.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：南昌航空大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TM914.4

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本文編號：1750982