本文選題：新能源汽車　切入點：感應(yīng)耦合電能傳輸　出處：《哈爾濱理工大學(xué)》2017年博士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：目前混合動力汽車憑借其動力總成配備優(yōu)良、能量利用率高和低污染的特點,成為新能源汽車中的佼佼者。其驅(qū)動電機內(nèi)的滑環(huán)和電刷結(jié)構(gòu)會在車輛正常運行時帶來潛在的交通隱患。當(dāng)行車中需要輸入勵磁功率或勵磁電流變大時,電刷和滑環(huán)相接觸的部分會帶來電阻值的急劇上升,使其溫升迅速提高,帶來結(jié)構(gòu)上的不穩(wěn)定。有時會伴隨著電機內(nèi)部環(huán)火現(xiàn)象的發(fā)生;滑環(huán)和電刷在行車中會給車載電子控制單元帶來很大的電磁干擾,嚴(yán)重時會使控制部分失靈;由于電刷本身材質(zhì)的劣勢,其會在電機運行時帶來細(xì)微碳粉的擴散現(xiàn)象,嚴(yán)重時會發(fā)生短路,造成更為嚴(yán)重的后果。為解決上述幾大問題,本文在結(jié)合感應(yīng)耦合電能傳輸(Inductively Coupled Power Transfer,ICPT)技術(shù)的基礎(chǔ)上,利用其在無電氣接觸時可以進(jìn)行能量傳輸?shù)膬?yōu)勢,將其應(yīng)用于電機無刷勵磁,最大限度的避免電刷和滑環(huán)對電機運行帶來的不良影響。本文以感應(yīng)耦合電能傳輸技術(shù)為依托,松耦合旋轉(zhuǎn)勵磁變壓器(Loosely Coupled Rotating Excitation Transformer, LCRET)為核心,設(shè)計一種新型無刷勵磁系統(tǒng),即非接觸式勵磁異態(tài)系統(tǒng)(Contactless Excitation Heterogeneous System,CEHS),該系統(tǒng)所設(shè)計的電機本身取消電刷和滑環(huán)等裝置,在真正意義上實現(xiàn)無刷勵磁,同時其還具有減輕電機重量、提高可靠性、降低成本、帶來更為簡單的電機結(jié)構(gòu)以及更寬的調(diào)速范圍的優(yōu)勢。本文著重對電機無刷勵磁、感應(yīng)耦合電能傳輸技術(shù)兩部分的國內(nèi)外研究現(xiàn)狀、應(yīng)用領(lǐng)域和最新發(fā)展進(jìn)行詳細(xì)介紹。給出非接觸式勵磁異態(tài)系統(tǒng)無刷勵磁的整體結(jié)構(gòu),依據(jù)其運行機理設(shè)計出機電一體化安裝方案;建立松耦合旋轉(zhuǎn)勵磁變壓器毗連型和嵌入式兩種繞制拓?fù)湮锢砟Ｐ�、磁阻模型和等效電路模型。針對松耦合旋轉(zhuǎn)勵磁變壓器進(jìn)行優(yōu)化設(shè)計,給出全耦合理想狀態(tài)和帶有勵磁電感的模型;闡述磁化電感和漏電感計算過程,對含有漏感的磁路進(jìn)行詳細(xì)的分析,給出松耦合旋轉(zhuǎn)勵磁變壓器的漏感模型和互感模型;給出毗連型繞制方式的優(yōu)化設(shè)計;給出更為合理明確的耦合系數(shù)的定義和有損模型;采用利茲線作為繞線給出毗連型和嵌入式實際繞制方案。通過ANSOFT MAXWELL仿真平臺對非接觸式勵磁異態(tài)系統(tǒng)和無線電能傳輸之間的等效性進(jìn)行驗證;在此基礎(chǔ)上給出非接觸式勵磁異態(tài)系統(tǒng)的最優(yōu)繞制拓?fù)�。針對漏感帶來的效率問題,通過MATLAB仿真平臺,采用基波分析法(First Harmonic Approximation,FHA),對非接觸式勵磁的異態(tài)系統(tǒng)的不同諧振補償策略進(jìn)行詳細(xì)的性能分析。對比各種諧振補償?shù)脑鲆婧托阅?給出最為適合的非接觸式勵磁異態(tài)系統(tǒng)的諧振補償策略。針對非接觸式勵磁異態(tài)系統(tǒng)松耦合復(fù)雜的諧振控制問題,采用廣義狀態(tài)空間平均法(Generalized State Space Averaging,GSSA)進(jìn)行建模,簡化由于松耦合旋轉(zhuǎn)勵磁變壓器帶來的電路模型復(fù)雜程度,并對其合理性進(jìn)行驗證。在此基礎(chǔ)上采用自抗擾技術(shù)(Active Disturbance Rejection Control,ADRC)控制算法對非接觸式勵磁異態(tài)系統(tǒng)諧振補償進(jìn)行控制,仿真結(jié)果驗證ADRC在諧振控制上的可行性。針對非接觸式勵磁異態(tài)系統(tǒng)機電一體化,全面設(shè)計非接觸式勵磁異態(tài)系統(tǒng)的半橋逆變部分、全波整流部分、諧振補償部分。搭建非接觸式勵磁異態(tài)系統(tǒng)的試驗樣機,主要對兩部分的試驗進(jìn)行測試驗證:對不同拓?fù)湎滤神詈闲D(zhuǎn)勵磁變壓器的輸出特性,在實驗的角度證明所設(shè)計最優(yōu)繞制拓?fù)涞臏?zhǔn)確性。最后給出發(fā)電特性、效率曲線、溫升曲線等實驗結(jié)果和相應(yīng)的結(jié)果分析,驗證所設(shè)計的非接觸式勵磁異態(tài)系統(tǒng)的可行性。最后對本文的主要研究工作和創(chuàng)新性成果進(jìn)行歸納總結(jié)。非接觸式勵磁異態(tài)系統(tǒng)在不占用電機額外的體積、不改變原有電機的主體結(jié)構(gòu)的同時,真正意義上實現(xiàn)電機的無刷勵磁。同時可令電機結(jié)構(gòu)更加緊湊、提高電機的可靠性、減輕電機重量、帶來更寬的調(diào)速范圍,該勵磁系統(tǒng)既可應(yīng)用于電勵磁無刷電機中,還可應(yīng)用于復(fù)合勵磁無刷電機中,為無刷勵磁提供新的思路。
[Abstract]:The hybrid electric vehicle powertrain equipped with its excellent characteristics, high energy efficiency and low pollution, has become a leader in new energy vehicles. Its driving motor in the slip ring and brush structure will bring potential danger to traffic in the normal operation of the vehicle. When the input excitation power or excitation current increases in traffic, brush and slip ring contact part will bring a sharp rise in resistance value, the temperature rise increases rapidly, leads to structural instability. Sometimes accompanied by a motor internal ring fire phenomena; slip rings and brushes in the road to the vehicle electronic control unit will bring strong electromagnetic interference, which will make the the control part of the failure; because the brush material weaknesses, the diffusion phenomenon will bring fine powder when the motor is running, short-circuit will be serious, resulting in more serious consequences. In order to solve the above several The big problem, can be transmitted in inductively coupled power (Inductively Coupled Power Transfer, ICPT) on the basis of technology, it can use energy transmission in non electrical contact when the advantages of its application in brushless excitation, avoid the maximum brush and slip ring to bring adverse effects on the operation of the motor in this paper. Inductive coupled power transfer technology based on loosely coupled transformer excitation (Loosely Coupled Rotating rotation Excitation Transformer, LCRET) as the core, design a new type of brushless excitation system, namely the non-contact excitation system (Contactless Excitation Heterogeneous of System, CEHS), the system design of the motor itself to cancel the brush and slip ring other devices, to achieve brushless excitation in a real sense, at the same time it also can reduce the weight of the motor, improve the reliability, reduce the cost, more simple structure of electric motor to And in a wide speed range. In this paper, the advantages of brushless excitation of the motor, the present research situation of domestic and foreign transmission technology the two part of the inductively coupled power, introduces the latest development and application fields. The whole structure is given non-contact excitation of brushless excitation system, on the basis of the operation mechanism design of electromechanical integration installation plan; building loosely coupled transformer adjacent rotating excitation type and embedded two winding topology model, reluctance model and equivalent circuit model for loosely coupled rotating excitation transformer design are reasonable to state and with a full coupling excitation inductance model; describes the magnetizing inductance and leakage inductance calculation process, a detailed analysis the magnetic circuit containing leakage inductance, leakage inductance and mutual inductance model model are loosely coupled rotating excitation transformer; optimization design system is given adjacent type winding as given; Clear the coupling coefficient and damage model; using the Liz line as the winding type and are adjacent to the actual embedded winding scheme. Through the ANSOFT MAXWELL simulation platform for non-contact excitation of radio system and can verify the equivalence between the optimal transmission; based on this non-contact excitation of the system the winding leakage problem. According to the topology efficiency, through the simulation platform of MATLAB, using fundamental analysis method (First Harmonic Approximation, FHA), different resonant compensation strategy different state system for non contact type excitation in a detailed analysis of the performance gain and performance comparison of various resonant compensation, the resonant compensation strategy is given the non-contact excitation system suitable for different states. The resonant control problem for non-contact excitation of loosely coupled system complex, using the generalized state space averaging method (Generali Zed State Space Averaging, GSSA) model, simplified circuit model due to loosely coupled rotating excitation transformer brings complexity, and its rationality is verified. Based on ADRC Technology (Active Disturbance Rejection Control, ADRC) to control the contactless resonant excitation of the system compensation control algorithm, simulation the results verify the feasibility of ADRC in resonant control. For non-contact excitation system of electromechanical integration, overall design part of the half bridge inverter non-contact excitation of the system, full wave rectifier, resonant compensation. The experimental prototype building non-contact excitation system of different states, mainly to verify the test two part the output characteristics of different topology of loosely coupled rotating excitation transformer, prove the accuracy design of optimal winding topology in the experimental point of view. Finally starting to Electrical characteristics, efficiency curve, analysis of the temperature rise curves of the experimental results and the corresponding results, the feasibility of non-contact excitation of system and check the design. At the end of the main research work and innovative achievements are summarized. The non-contact excitation system with abnormal volume of extra motor in not accounted for, not changing the main structure of the original motor and brushless excitation motor to realize the true sense. At the same time can make the machine more compact structure, improve the reliability of the motor, reduce the weight of the motor has a wide speed range, the excitation system can be applied to the electric excitation brushless motor, but also can be applied to non hybrid excitation in a brushless motor, to provide new ideas for the brushless excitation.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：哈爾濱理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TM724

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本文編號：1619569