本文選題：瓷絕緣子　切入點：振動聲學　出處：《華北電力大學》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

【摘要】：瓷絕緣子是電網(wǎng)系統(tǒng)的重要組成設備,起著支撐導線和絕緣作用。由于電瓷產(chǎn)品是一種混成的材質(zhì),主要由分布在玻璃態(tài)基體里的石英粒子組成,由于基體與石英粒子線膨脹系數(shù)不同,導致瓷件內(nèi)部容易出現(xiàn)微裂紋缺陷。而由于陶瓷材料是典型的脆性材料,裂紋非常容易擴展從而導致嚴重的后果。常規(guī)檢測瓷絕緣子的方法如超聲波檢測等方法存在對微裂紋缺陷檢測效果差,干擾因素多、或不能在線檢測等不足,難以滿足對瓷絕緣子進行有效檢測及診斷的需求。針對以上情況,本文提出了一套完整的瓷絕緣子振動聲學在線檢測方法,并將該方法通過大量的對比試驗及現(xiàn)場檢測應用,最終證明了所提方法的有效性及可靠性。本文首先對振動聲學檢測進行了理論上的詳細分析,通過振動有限元分析得出了瓷絕緣子在受激時的振動模態(tài)及動態(tài)響應,掌握其在有無缺陷條件下的振動規(guī)律變化情況,為進一步試驗提供指引方向。其次,分別采用階躍信號(錘擊)和連續(xù)白噪聲(專用白噪聲信號發(fā)生器)對完好的及有缺陷的瓷絕緣子分別進行激勵,得出缺陷的存在會對不同激勵下的振動頻率造成不同的影響,驗證了仿真的正確與可靠性,且這種變化即為瓷絕緣子振動聲學檢測方法的主要依據(jù)。之后,論文介紹了為檢測瓷絕緣子缺陷所建立的一套完整的聲學檢測系統(tǒng),包括其硬件組成及軟件開發(fā)。最后,將所建檢測系統(tǒng)通過試驗的方法得出其檢測評價準則,并將其用于現(xiàn)場瓷絕緣子的檢測,且獲得了較好的檢測結果。
[Abstract]:Porcelain insulators are important components of the power grid system and play the role of supporting wires and insulation. Because porcelain products are a mixed material, they are mainly composed of quartz particles distributed in the glass matrix. Due to the difference of linear expansion coefficient between the matrix and quartz particles, micro-crack defects occur easily in the porcelain, but the ceramic material is a typical brittle material. The crack is very easy to expand and lead to serious consequences. The conventional methods of detecting porcelain insulators, such as ultrasonic detection, have some disadvantages, such as poor detection effect of micro-crack defects, many interference factors, or failure to detect them on line. It is difficult to meet the requirement of effective detection and diagnosis of porcelain insulators. In view of the above situation, a complete method of vibration acoustic on-line detection of porcelain insulators is proposed in this paper, and the method is applied through a large number of comparative tests and field tests. Finally, the validity and reliability of the proposed method are proved. Firstly, the vibration acoustic detection is analyzed in detail in theory, and the vibration mode and dynamic response of the porcelain insulator are obtained by vibration finite element analysis. To grasp the changes of vibration law in the presence or absence of defects, to provide a guiding direction for further tests. Secondly, Step signal (hammering) and continuous white noise (special white noise signal generator) are used to excite the intact and defective porcelain insulators respectively. It is concluded that the existence of defects will have different effects on the vibration frequency under different excitations. The correctness and reliability of the simulation are verified, and this change is the main basis of the vibration acoustic detection method of porcelain insulator. After that, the paper introduces a set of complete acoustical detection system for detecting the defect of porcelain insulator. Finally, the detection and evaluation criteria of the system are obtained by means of experiments, and it is applied to the detection of porcelain insulators in the field, and good results are obtained.
【學位授予單位】：華北電力大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TM216

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本文編號：1594809