本文選題：模塊化多電平變換器　切入點(diǎn)：靜止同步補(bǔ)償器　出處：《南京航空航天大學(xué)》2016年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：對(duì)配電網(wǎng)進(jìn)行無功補(bǔ)償是配電網(wǎng)安全運(yùn)行的重要保障,無功補(bǔ)償能夠有效提高電網(wǎng)的經(jīng)濟(jì)效益,從而配電網(wǎng)提供用戶以安全、高質(zhì)量的電能。靜止同步補(bǔ)償器(STATCOM)是最新一代無功補(bǔ)償裝置,具有響應(yīng)速度快、可連續(xù)調(diào)節(jié)、無功補(bǔ)償效果卓越、輸出諧波性能好、安裝地點(diǎn)靈活方便、抑制電網(wǎng)電壓波動(dòng)等優(yōu)點(diǎn),成為無功補(bǔ)償技術(shù)的研究熱點(diǎn)。本文對(duì)基于模塊化多電平變換器(MMC)的靜止同步補(bǔ)償器(STATCOM)進(jìn)行了整體研究,包括:主電路參數(shù)的分析和設(shè)計(jì)、PWM調(diào)制技術(shù)、預(yù)充電階段和穩(wěn)態(tài)工作階段的控制策略介紹、橋臂不對(duì)稱時(shí)MMC-STATCOM的穩(wěn)態(tài)特性分析與控制策略研究、系統(tǒng)軟硬件設(shè)計(jì)、仿真和實(shí)驗(yàn)驗(yàn)證。本文分析了MMC變換器的運(yùn)行原理,在只考慮橋臂電壓和橋臂電流基波分量的前提下,推導(dǎo)了橋臂能量波動(dòng)與電容容值之間的關(guān)系,提出了以抑制電容電壓基頻波動(dòng)為目的直流側(cè)電容設(shè)計(jì)方法;在綜合考慮了MMC-STATCOM動(dòng)態(tài)性能、橋臂電流紋波大小、輸出功率能力等性能指標(biāo)后,提出了限流電感感值的取值方法。為分析穩(wěn)態(tài)情況下基于MMC變換器的STATCOM的工作特性,本文首先建立了MMC-STATCOM的系統(tǒng)數(shù)學(xué)模型,并設(shè)計(jì)了系統(tǒng)的電流型反饋解耦控制器,實(shí)現(xiàn)了無功功率和有功功率的獨(dú)立控制。本文對(duì)比研究了合適MMC變換器的多電平脈沖調(diào)制技術(shù),最近電平逼近調(diào)制(NLM)技術(shù)適合應(yīng)用于子模塊數(shù)較多的場(chǎng)合以及MMC的預(yù)充電階段,載波移相正弦脈沖寬度調(diào)制(CPS-SPWM)技術(shù)由于其較好的輸出特性更適合MMC穩(wěn)態(tài)階段。論文研究了MMC-STATCOM的直流電容電壓控制策略,提出了基于CPS-SPWM調(diào)制技術(shù)的分級(jí)控制策略,實(shí)現(xiàn)了系統(tǒng)電容電壓的平衡。在模塊化多電平變換器上、下橋臂參數(shù)不對(duì)稱時(shí),基頻交流分量在上、下橋臂之間不平均分配,同時(shí)橋臂電流中的直流分量和二倍頻分量也會(huì)流入到交流側(cè)。本文建立了橋臂參數(shù)不對(duì)稱MMC-STATCOM的交流側(cè)和直流側(cè)模型,分析了不同頻率下等效電路中橋臂不對(duì)稱對(duì)穩(wěn)態(tài)電流的影響,提出了抑制基頻共模分量及二倍頻共模分量并維持上、下橋臂直流電壓穩(wěn)態(tài)平衡的控制策略。仿真和實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果驗(yàn)證了理論分析的正確性和控制策略的有效性。最后,論文完成了MMC-STATCOM實(shí)驗(yàn)樣機(jī)的搭建,研究了裝置的電路結(jié)構(gòu)、工作原理、控制系統(tǒng)的軟硬件設(shè)計(jì)。實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明,MMC-STATCOM能實(shí)現(xiàn)容性和感性無功發(fā)生功能,系統(tǒng)穩(wěn)態(tài)和動(dòng)態(tài)性能良好,有效地驗(yàn)證了本文提出的控制策略的可行性和有效性。
[Abstract]:The reactive power compensation of distribution network is an important guarantee for the safe operation of the distribution network, reactive power compensation can effectively improve the economic benefit of power grid and distribution network, to provide users with safe, high quality of electric energy. Static synchronous compensator (STATCOM) is the latest generation of reactive power compensation device has fast response speed, continuous regulation of the reactive power compensation effect is remarkable, the output harmonic performance is good, the installation location is flexible and convenient advantages to suppress voltage fluctuation and so on, has become a research hotspot of reactive compensation technology. In this paper, based on the modular multilevel converter (MMC) of the static synchronous compensator (STATCOM) to the overall research, including: analysis and design the parameters of the main circuit, PWM modulation technology, pre charging control strategy stage and steady stage, the bridge arm asymmetry when the steady characteristics of MMC-STATCOM analysis and control strategy research, system hardware and software design, simulation and experiment Validation. This paper analyzes the operation principle of MMC converter, the only consideration of bridge arm voltage and bridge arm current fundamental component, is the bridge arm energy fluctuation and the capacitance between the values, put forward to the DC side capacitor design method to suppress the frequency fluctuation of capacitor voltage; considering dynamic the performance of MMC-STATCOM, the bridge arm current ripple, output power performance ability, and puts forward the method of value of current limiting inductance. The work characteristics of MMC converter based on STATCOM analysis under steady state, this paper established a mathematical model of MMC-STATCOM system, and the design of the current system of feedback decoupling controller. To realize the independent control of active power and reactive power. This paper studied multilevel pulse modulation technique suitable for MMC converter, the nearest level modulation (NLM) technology is suitable for The number of sub modules more occasions and MMC pre charging stage, carrier phase shifted sinusoidal pulse width modulation (CPS-SPWM) technology because of its good output characteristics is more suitable for MMC steady stage. The paper studies the DC capacitor voltage control strategy of MMC-STATCOM, put forward a hierarchical control strategy based on CPS-SPWM technology, realizes the system of capacitor voltage balance multi level converter. In the module, under the bridge arm asymmetry parameter, the fundamental frequency component in communication, between the lower bridge arm uneven distribution, and the DC component of the arm current and two harmonics will flow into the AC side. This paper establishes the AC side arm parameters of asymmetric MMC-STATCOM and DC the model, analyzes the impact of asymmetric equivalent circuit of bridge arm under different frequency of steady-state current, is proposed to suppress the fundamental frequency component and the two frequency common mode common mode component and maintain, under the bridge arm The control strategy of DC voltage balance. Simulation and experimental results verify the validity of the theoretical analysis and control strategy. Finally, the complete set of MMC-STATCOM prototype, the circuit structure, working principle of the device, hardware and software design of the control system. The experimental results show that MMC-STATCOM can realize the compatibility and inductive reactive functional system, good steady-state and dynamic performance, effectively verify the feasibility of the proposed control strategy and effectiveness.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：南京航空航天大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號(hào)】：TM761

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