發(fā)布時間：2018-02-09 16:12

  本文關(guān)鍵詞： 無刷雙饋風(fēng)力發(fā)電機 電磁設(shè)計 磁障轉(zhuǎn)子設(shè)計 特性仿真 轉(zhuǎn)子結(jié)構(gòu)分析　出處：《沈陽工業(yè)大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：近年來,大型化和高可靠性的海上風(fēng)力發(fā)電成為了世界風(fēng)力發(fā)電的發(fā)展趨勢,應(yīng)用于海上風(fēng)電的兆瓦級,甚至10MW以上的風(fēng)力發(fā)電機組也成為了世界上各大風(fēng)電強國研究和開發(fā)的重點。由于海上特殊的運行環(huán)境,對發(fā)電機組的可靠性和經(jīng)濟性等提出了更高的要求,與常用的有刷雙饋風(fēng)力發(fā)電機與永磁同步風(fēng)力發(fā)電機相比,無刷雙饋風(fēng)力發(fā)電機實現(xiàn)了無刷化,具有可靠性高、所需變頻器容量小、成本低等優(yōu)點,在海上風(fēng)電中具有更廣闊的應(yīng)用前景。本文中將針對一臺10MW海上用無刷雙饋風(fēng)力發(fā)電機為研究對象,對該發(fā)電機的電磁設(shè)計、磁障轉(zhuǎn)子設(shè)計、特性仿真以及轉(zhuǎn)子結(jié)構(gòu)進(jìn)行分析研究。主要研究內(nèi)容如下:首先,介紹了無刷雙饋風(fēng)力發(fā)電機的定、轉(zhuǎn)子結(jié)構(gòu)及其工作原理;針對無刷雙饋風(fēng)力發(fā)電機的特殊設(shè)計要求,對一臺10MW海上用無刷雙饋風(fēng)力發(fā)電機進(jìn)行了電磁設(shè)計,確定了包括極數(shù)、槽數(shù)、定子內(nèi)外徑、氣隙寬度、定子槽尺寸以及繞組分布在內(nèi)的相關(guān)參數(shù),給出了相應(yīng)的設(shè)計原則。其次,針對磁障轉(zhuǎn)子耦合能力的優(yōu)化問題,通過仿真分析有用諧波含量,確定了磁障轉(zhuǎn)子的極弧系數(shù);將功率繞組與控制繞組之間的互感幅值和有用諧波占基波含量百分比作為優(yōu)化目標(biāo),利用田口方法分析了磁障轉(zhuǎn)子的凸極高度、導(dǎo)磁層數(shù)以及導(dǎo)磁層與非導(dǎo)磁層寬度之比三種結(jié)構(gòu)參數(shù)對其耦合能力的影響,確定了這三個結(jié)構(gòu)參數(shù)對磁障轉(zhuǎn)子耦合能力影響的大小;得到了具有強耦合能力的磁障轉(zhuǎn)子的結(jié)構(gòu)參數(shù),并通過有限元方法對其耦合能力進(jìn)行了驗證。然后,為驗證所設(shè)計電機的合理性,利用有限元分析軟件搭建了10MW無刷雙饋風(fēng)力發(fā)電機的二維電磁場仿真模型,對該發(fā)電機在空載運行狀態(tài)下的空載特性、電磁場分布、氣隙磁密、空載反電勢以及負(fù)載運行狀態(tài)下的電磁場分布、端電壓、負(fù)載電流、銅耗、鐵耗以及效率進(jìn)行了分析和計算,得到了相關(guān)結(jié)果,驗證電磁設(shè)計的合理性。最后,為了使轉(zhuǎn)子重量盡可能小,且要滿足其強度要求,通過有限元分析軟件對三種具有不同轉(zhuǎn)子支架的轉(zhuǎn)子機械結(jié)構(gòu)在靜止?fàn)顟B(tài)和額定運行狀態(tài)下進(jìn)行了分析,得到了相關(guān)的應(yīng)力和形變分布云圖,通過分析比較確定了一種轉(zhuǎn)子結(jié)構(gòu);并對所選擇的轉(zhuǎn)子結(jié)構(gòu)在超同步與亞同步的極限運行狀態(tài)下進(jìn)行了分析,進(jìn)一步驗證了其可靠性。
[Abstract]:In recent years, large-scale and high-reliability offshore wind power generation has become the development trend of wind power generation in the world, which is used in offshore wind power of megawatt class. Even more than 10MW wind turbines have become the focus of research and development in the world's major wind power countries. Because of the special operating environment at sea, higher requirements are put forward for the reliability and economy of generating units. Compared with the common brushless doubly-fed wind turbine and permanent magnet synchronous wind generator, the brushless doubly-fed wind turbine has the advantages of high reliability, small converter capacity and low cost. In this paper, a 10MW brushless doubly-fed wind generator for offshore wind power is studied. The electromagnetic design and magnetic barrier rotor design of the generator are studied. The main contents are as follows: firstly, the stator, rotor structure and its working principle of brushless doubly-fed wind turbine are introduced, and the special design requirements of brushless doubly-fed wind turbine are discussed. The electromagnetic design of a 10MW offshore brushless doubly-fed wind turbine is carried out. The parameters including pole number, slot number, stator inner and outer diameter, air gap width, stator slot size and winding distribution are determined. The corresponding design principles are given. Secondly, aiming at the optimization of coupling capability of magnetic barrier rotor, the polar arc coefficient of magnetic barrier rotor is determined by simulation and analysis of useful harmonic content. The mutual inductance amplitude between the power winding and the control winding and the percentage of useful harmonics in the fundamental wave are taken as the optimization objectives. The height of the salient pole of the magnetic barrier rotor is analyzed by using the Taguchi method. The influence of three kinds of structure parameters on coupling ability of magnetic barrier rotor is determined, such as the number of magnetic conductors and the ratio of the width of magnetic conduction layer to non-magnetic conduction layer, and the magnitude of the influence of these three structural parameters on the coupling capability of magnetic barrier rotor is determined. The structural parameters of magnetic barrier rotor with strong coupling ability are obtained, and its coupling ability is verified by finite element method. Then, to verify the rationality of the designed motor, A two-dimensional electromagnetic field simulation model of a 10MW brushless doubly-fed wind turbine is built by using the finite element analysis software. The characteristics of the generator under no-load operation, electromagnetic field distribution, air gap magnetic density are analyzed. The distribution of electromagnetic field, terminal voltage, load current, copper consumption, iron consumption and efficiency under the condition of no-load reverse EMF and load operation are analyzed and calculated, and the relevant results are obtained to verify the rationality of the electromagnetic design. In order to make the rotor weight as small as possible and to meet its strength requirements, three kinds of rotor mechanical structures with different rotor supports are analyzed under static and rated operating conditions by finite element analysis software. A relative stress and deformation distribution cloud diagram is obtained, and a rotor structure is determined through analysis and comparison, and the selected rotor structure is analyzed under the limit operation state of supersonic and sub-synchronous, which further verifies its reliability.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：沈陽工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TM315

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