本文關(guān)鍵詞： DC-DC PWM BUCK 輕載效率優(yōu)化 高效率 死區(qū)時(shí)間控制　出處：《天津理工大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：隨著無線與低功耗電子器件的發(fā)展,以及傳感器、微電子機(jī)械能量系統(tǒng)(MEMS)等組件的不斷進(jìn)步,引發(fā)了微能量收集技術(shù)的變革,在將來一大批的新興應(yīng)用中,特別是物聯(lián)網(wǎng)的出現(xiàn),微能量收集成為必不可缺的要素。微能量收集包括各種能量來源,比如動(dòng)能、電磁能、熱能、原子能和生物能等。對于功率密度僅在幾u(yù)W/cm2到幾十mW/cm2之間的環(huán)境能量(包括光、溫差、振動(dòng)等),如此之小的能量要采集并使用它,就必須盡量減小收集過程和電壓轉(zhuǎn)換過程的能量損耗,提高電壓轉(zhuǎn)換器等電源管理電路的轉(zhuǎn)換效率。本文首先對電源管理控制芯片的產(chǎn)業(yè)現(xiàn)狀與發(fā)展趨勢進(jìn)行了闡述,并介紹了能量收集芯片的重要性,其次針對DC-DC轉(zhuǎn)換器的基本原理,基本連接方式以及驅(qū)動(dòng)方式進(jìn)行了逐一介紹分析。本文設(shè)計(jì)了一款基于微能收集的高效率PWM調(diào)制的BUCK型轉(zhuǎn)換芯片,該芯片具有靜態(tài)功耗低,轉(zhuǎn)換效率高等優(yōu)點(diǎn),特別是在輕載的效率要遠(yuǎn)高于一般BUCK型轉(zhuǎn)換器。芯片采用CSMC 0.35um CMOS工藝研制,對包括帶隙參考源、誤差放大器、比較器、鋸齒波生成器、死區(qū)時(shí)間控制的設(shè)計(jì)做了重點(diǎn)研究并給出了模擬結(jié)果,然后對整體電路的構(gòu)架設(shè)計(jì)和系統(tǒng)工作原理進(jìn)行了詳細(xì)的分析,并對芯片在輕載時(shí)的效率進(jìn)行了優(yōu)化。本文所有的模擬仿真是通過Cadence軟件模擬環(huán)境下的Spectre對子電路和系統(tǒng)的各項(xiàng)參數(shù)進(jìn)行的,仿真結(jié)果表明,芯片的子電路以及整體電路在不同的環(huán)境下運(yùn)行正常。在完成子電路、整體電路的原理分析和電路設(shè)計(jì)仿真之后,對整體電路的版圖進(jìn)行了設(shè)計(jì),應(yīng)用Cadence的Calibre對版圖進(jìn)行了DRC和LVS驗(yàn)證,經(jīng)MPW流片,使用SOP-4封裝。測試結(jié)果表明,本設(shè)計(jì)芯片在輸入電壓為2.7~5.5V時(shí),輸出穩(wěn)定1.8V,輸出波紋在5mV~20mV之間,最大負(fù)載電流可達(dá)106mA,無負(fù)載狀態(tài)下靜態(tài)工作電流為2.11uA,其在負(fù)載電流為1mA時(shí)最低效率為74%,在滿載時(shí)最高效率可達(dá)93%。
[Abstract]:With the development of wireless and low-power electronic devices, as well as the continuous progress of sensors, micro-electro-mechanical energy system (MEMS) and other components, the technology of micro-energy collection has been changed. In a large number of new applications in the future, especially the emergence of the Internet of things, micro-energy collection has become an essential element. Microenergy collection includes various energy sources, such as kinetic energy, electromagnetic energy, thermal energy. Atomic energy and biological energy. For environmental energy (including light, temperature difference, vibration, etc.) with power density between a few uW/cm2 and dozens of mW/cm2, such small energy should be collected and used. The energy loss of the collection process and the voltage conversion process must be minimized. Firstly, the status quo and development trend of power management control chip are described, and the importance of energy collection chip is introduced. Secondly, it aims at the basic principle of DC-DC converter. The basic connection mode and drive mode are introduced and analyzed one by one. In this paper, a high efficiency PWM modulation BUCK conversion chip based on micro-energy collection is designed, which has low static power consumption. The conversion efficiency is high, especially the efficiency of light load is much higher than that of general BUCK converter. The chip is developed by CSMC 0.35um CMOS technology, including bandgap reference source. The design of error amplifier, comparator, sawtooth wave generator and dead-time control are studied in detail and the simulation results are given. Then, the design of the whole circuit frame and the working principle of the system are analyzed in detail. The efficiency of the chip under light load is optimized. All the simulation in this paper is carried out through the Spectre pair of sub-circuits and the parameters of the system under the Cadence software simulation environment. The simulation results show that the sub-circuit and the whole circuit of the chip work normally in different environments. After completing the sub-circuit, the principle analysis of the whole circuit and the circuit design simulation. The layout of the whole circuit is designed, and the layout is verified by DRC and LVS with the Calibre of Cadence. The layout is verified by MPW chip. The test results of SOP-4 package show that when the input voltage is 2.7V 5.5V, the output is stable at 1.8 V, and the output ripple is between 5 MV and 20 MV. The maximum load current is 106mA, the static working current is 2.11uA under no load, the lowest efficiency is 74 when the load current is 1mA, and the maximum efficiency is 933uA when the load current is 1 Ma.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：天津理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TM46

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