本文關(guān)鍵詞： 固態(tài)變壓器 DG 交直流配網(wǎng) 無功優(yōu)化 配網(wǎng)重構(gòu)　出處：《北京交通大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：隨著智能電網(wǎng)發(fā)展進(jìn)程的不斷推進(jìn),越來越多的分布式電源發(fā)電(Distributed Generation,DG)在配網(wǎng)中出現(xiàn)。盡管分布式電源發(fā)電有其特有的優(yōu)勢(shì),但是其比例的提高也給傳統(tǒng)配網(wǎng)帶來了新的問題。這包括傳統(tǒng)的交流配網(wǎng)變成一定范圍內(nèi)的交直流混合配網(wǎng)、無功分布的改變引起的配網(wǎng)電壓穩(wěn)定問題以及諧波增加等。傳統(tǒng)的配網(wǎng)優(yōu)化相關(guān)的模型已經(jīng)不再適合新的環(huán)境,如何應(yīng)對(duì)這些問題具有十分重要的現(xiàn)實(shí)意義。固態(tài)變壓器(Solid State Transformer,SST)相比傳統(tǒng)的電力變壓器具有改善諧波、穩(wěn)定電壓和無功控制以及具有高低壓直流輸出能力等的特點(diǎn)。隨著柔性變電站相關(guān)項(xiàng)目的啟動(dòng),在固態(tài)變壓器對(duì)配網(wǎng)進(jìn)行無功控制時(shí),如何建立一個(gè)基于固態(tài)變壓器下的含DG的配網(wǎng)無功優(yōu)化模型和利用優(yōu)化算法求解便顯得十分關(guān)鍵。首先,介紹了固態(tài)變壓器的原理及其常見拓?fù)?建立了 AC/DC/AC型固態(tài)變壓器的模型并給出了相應(yīng)的控制策略;根據(jù)固態(tài)變壓器的典型簡(jiǎn)化結(jié)構(gòu)及控制策略,在Matlab/Simulink環(huán)境中搭建了固態(tài)變壓器的仿真模型,并進(jìn)行多種工況下的仿真分析,一方面驗(yàn)證了固態(tài)變壓器的功能,另一方面說明固態(tài)變壓器的無功控制原理。其次,對(duì)各類DG的特點(diǎn)分析了其在系統(tǒng)中接口的潮流模型,以及固態(tài)變壓器的無功控制方法及其潮流計(jì)算模型,并給出固態(tài)變壓器接入配網(wǎng)的方式;分析了配網(wǎng)潮流計(jì)算的常用方法,針對(duì)含DG的交直流混合配網(wǎng)的特點(diǎn),給出了潮流計(jì)算方法和計(jì)算流程。再次,分析并給出了基于SST的含DG配網(wǎng)的無功優(yōu)化的目標(biāo)函數(shù)和約束條件,以及無功優(yōu)化的算法的主要步驟和算法流程;通過算例,對(duì)基于SST下的含DG配網(wǎng)和基于OLTC電力變壓器的含DG配網(wǎng)的無功優(yōu)化進(jìn)行計(jì)算對(duì)比,結(jié)果顯示,基于SST下的優(yōu)化結(jié)果較之基于電力變壓器的優(yōu)化結(jié)果更優(yōu),電壓偏差也有很大的降低,體現(xiàn)了SST的優(yōu)勢(shì)。最后,為了在配網(wǎng)運(yùn)行中實(shí)現(xiàn)更大程度地優(yōu)化,采用結(jié)合配網(wǎng)重構(gòu)與無功優(yōu)化的綜合優(yōu)化方法。因此首先提出了一種新的配網(wǎng)重構(gòu)算法,并構(gòu)建了重構(gòu)后的算例模型。通過算例計(jì)算對(duì)比分析,其結(jié)果顯示在綜合優(yōu)化方案下網(wǎng)損和電壓偏差指標(biāo)上,基于SST的優(yōu)化結(jié)果優(yōu)于基于OLTC電力變壓器的優(yōu)化結(jié)果,體現(xiàn)了固態(tài)變壓器的優(yōu)勢(shì)。此外,對(duì)比單一無功優(yōu)化方案,綜合優(yōu)化方案優(yōu)化結(jié)果更優(yōu)。體現(xiàn)了結(jié)合配網(wǎng)重構(gòu)與無功優(yōu)化的綜合優(yōu)化方法的優(yōu)勢(shì)。
[Abstract]:With the development of smart grid, more and more distributed Generation are generated by distributed generation. DGs appear in distribution networks, despite the unique advantages of distributed power generation. But the increase of the proportion also brings new problems to the traditional distribution network, which includes the traditional AC distribution network into a certain range of AC and DC hybrid distribution network. The problem of voltage stability and harmonic increase caused by the change of reactive power distribution is no longer suitable for the new environment. How to deal with these problems is of great practical significance. Solid State Transformer is a solid state transformer. Compared with traditional power transformers, SSTs have the characteristics of improving harmonics, stabilizing voltage and reactive power control and having high and low voltage DC output capability. How to establish a DG based reactive power optimization model for distribution network based on solid state transformer and how to solve it by using optimization algorithm is very important in the reactive power control of distribution network by solid-state transformer. The principle and common topology of solid-state transformer are introduced. The model of AC/DC/AC solid state transformer is established and the corresponding control strategy is given. According to the typical simplified structure and control strategy of solid-state transformer, the simulation model of solid-state transformer is built in Matlab/Simulink environment, and the simulation analysis is carried out under various operating conditions. On the one hand, the function of solid-state transformer is verified, on the other hand, the principle of reactive power control of solid-state transformer is explained. Secondly, the power flow model of interface of various DG is analyzed. The reactive power control method of solid-state transformer and its power flow calculation model are also given, and the way of connecting solid-state transformer to distribution network is given. The common methods of power flow calculation in distribution network are analyzed. According to the characteristics of AC / DC hybrid distribution network with DG, the power flow calculation method and calculation flow are given. The objective function and constraint conditions of reactive power optimization with DG distribution network based on SST are analyzed and given, as well as the main steps and algorithm flow of reactive power optimization algorithm. Through an example, the reactive power optimization of DG distribution network based on SST and DG distribution network based on OLTC power transformer is calculated and compared, and the results show that. The optimization result based on SST is better than that based on power transformer, and the voltage deviation is also greatly reduced, which reflects the advantages of SST. Finally. In order to optimize the distribution network to a greater extent, a new algorithm of distribution network reconfiguration is proposed in this paper, which combines the reconfiguration of distribution network with the optimization of reactive power. The example model is constructed, and the results are shown on the index of network loss and voltage deviation. The optimization result based on SST is better than that based on OLTC power transformer, which reflects the advantages of solid-state transformer. In addition, the single reactive power optimization scheme is compared. The optimization result of comprehensive optimization scheme is better, which reflects the advantages of integrated optimization method combining distribution network reconfiguration and reactive power optimization.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：北京交通大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：TM714.3

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