本文關鍵詞： 脈沖功率電源 高動態(tài)響應 電流紋波抑制 磁集成 寬電壓范圍　出處：《哈爾濱工業(yè)大學》2017年博士論文　論文類型：學位論文

【摘要】：脈沖功率電源技術始于世界各國對于國防科研需求。隨著開關技術、半導體器件及儲能元件的進步,脈沖功率電源系統(tǒng)朝著高頻化、小型化、輕量化及模塊化的方向發(fā)展。相比于傳統(tǒng)非脈沖功率直流電源系統(tǒng),脈沖功率直流電源系統(tǒng)中往往具有平均功率負載與脈沖功率負載并存的工況,因此設計中需同時保證對平均功率負載及脈沖功率負載的高質量可靠供電。以蓄電池為主的儲能單元具有能量密度大、可靠性高等優(yōu)點而被廣泛應用于直流電源系統(tǒng)中,但其同時存在功率密度小、循環(huán)壽命短等缺點。由于重復性脈沖功率負載峰值功率大且重復頻率高,因此若單獨采用蓄電池作為重復性脈沖功率電源系統(tǒng)儲能元件,較大的蓄電池峰值功率容量配置勢必導致電源系統(tǒng)平均功率容量浪費并進一步降低電源系統(tǒng)整體功率密度。同時,重復性脈沖功率負載引起的頻繁高倍率充放電電流會導致蓄電池內部發(fā)熱量劇增并大幅縮短蓄電池的使用壽命,此外高峰值功率變化引起的直流母線電壓波動甚至會影響電源系統(tǒng)其他模塊的正常工作。本文從重復性脈沖功率負載工況及脈沖功率儲能元件特性著手,結合已有直流電源系統(tǒng)拓撲結構,深入開展脈沖功率技術相關知識及混合儲能直流電源系統(tǒng)關鍵技術的研究。提出基于蓄電池/超級電容的混合儲能雙母線直流電源系統(tǒng)架構并對其工作模式進行分析研究,以實現(xiàn)降低脈沖功率負載對直流穩(wěn)壓母線的干擾、改善脈沖及非脈沖功率負載供電質量并提高電源系統(tǒng)供電可靠性和功率密度的目標,為脈沖功率直流電源系統(tǒng)的高效穩(wěn)定工作提供可靠方案。脈沖功率變換器的動態(tài)響應能力決定著脈沖功率負載的供電質量。為解決傳統(tǒng)Boost非隔離升壓變換器中固有的右半平面零點導致動態(tài)響應較差的問題,提出基于多磁路耦合的磁集成升壓變換器拓撲,旨在消除變換器右半平面零點、提高動態(tài)響應能力的同時抑制輸入輸出電流紋波。針對低壓大電流脈沖功率負載特性,提出基于Buck變換器的抽頭式可變電感降壓變換器拓撲,通過改變變換器動態(tài)過程中的等效輸出電感值,實現(xiàn)低穩(wěn)態(tài)電流紋波及高動態(tài)電流變化率的優(yōu)勢結合。為提高脈沖功率負載供電可靠性、降低脈沖功率變換器及脈沖功率儲能元件工作應力,混合儲能雙母線直流電源中引入脈沖功率輔助變換器以實現(xiàn)多路脈沖負載供電方案。為降低脈沖功率負載對主直流母線帶來的擾動,結合抽頭電感結構提出輸入電流紋波抵消變換器拓撲,通過增加輔助電感、電容并與抽頭電感共同工作,簡化輸入電流紋波抵消的設計制造過程。同時結合交錯式變換器功率等級大、等效工作頻率高以及輔助電感紋波抵消方案的優(yōu)點,提出交錯式紋波抵消變換器方案,為大功率脈沖功率輔助變換器的設計提供新的思路。在超級電容儲能元件寬電壓變化范圍的工作特性的基礎上,研究寬電壓變換器拓撲工作特性及優(yōu)化方案,提出多工作模式的變結構橋式變換器拓撲,優(yōu)化變換器寬電壓范圍的穩(wěn)態(tài)工況并提高變換器在寬電壓范圍下的工作效率。同時引入磁集成技術,以解決橋式變換器輸入電流斷續(xù)的問題。提出基于輸入電壓反饋的分段式變幅值三角載波控制方案,簡化寬電壓變換器環(huán)路優(yōu)化設計過程并抑制工作模式切換時引起的功率波動,為磁集成多模態(tài)變結構橋式變換器高效穩(wěn)定工作提供保證。本文針對50Hz-1kHz的寬重復頻率范圍脈沖功率負載供電提出基于混合儲能方式的雙直流母線脈沖功率電源系統(tǒng)架構以及對應的多路脈沖能量供給方案。同時針對電源系統(tǒng)中各子模塊的工作需求,分別提出了基于磁集成技術及抽頭式可變電感技術的升壓及降壓式高動態(tài)響應脈沖功率變換器拓撲、基于耦合電感技術及抽頭電感技術的低電流紋波脈沖功率輔助變換器拓撲以及基于磁集成技術的寬電壓范圍高效多模態(tài)變結構橋式變換器拓撲。文中所提及研究內容,為混合儲能式雙母線脈沖電源整體架構研究以及其中各子模塊的優(yōu)化設計提供了有效的解決方案。
[Abstract]:In the world the need for scientific research of national defense. Pulsed power supply technology with switch technology, semiconductor devices and storage devices the progress of pulsed power supply system of high frequency, miniaturization, lightweight and modular direction. Compared to the traditional non pulsed power DC power supply system, pulse power system DC power supply often with the average power load and pulse power load coexisting conditions, so the design is required to ensure reliable power supply high quality load on the average power and pulse power load. The battery based energy storage unit has high energy density, high reliability and is widely used in DC power supply system, but it also has power density small, short cycle life disadvantages. By repetitive pulsed power load peak power and high repetition rate, so if the individual use battery as repeatability The pulse power supply system of energy storage element, battery peak power capacity allocation will inevitably lead to larger average power capacity wasted power system and further reduce the overall power density of power system. At the same time, repetitive pulsed power load caused by the frequent high rate discharge current will lead to increased internal heating battery and greatly shorten the service life of the battery, in addition to DC the bus voltage fluctuation caused by high peak power changes and even affect the normal operation of other modules in a power supply system. This paper from the repetitive pulsed power load and pulse power storage element characteristics, combined with the existing topology of DC power supply system, further study of pulsed power technology related knowledge and key technologies of hybrid energy storage DC power supply system. The battery / super capacitor hybrid energy storage can double bus architecture based on DC power supply system Research and analysis of the operating mode, which can reduce the interference of DC pulsed power load bus, improve the pulsed and non pulsed power load power quality and improve power system reliability and power density of the target, provides a reliable solution for the efficient and stable operation of pulse power DC power supply system. The dynamic response capability of pulsed power converter determines the quality of power supply power load pulses. In order to solve the traditional Boost non zeros in the right half plane inherent isolation boost converter in the dynamic response problem of the poor, the magnetic integrated converter topology based on magnetic coupling, to eliminate the zero converter right half plane, and improve the dynamic response capability of the input and output current ripple suppression for low voltage and high current pulsed power load characteristics, the tap type variable inductor buck Buck converter based on variable Converter topology, by changing the equivalent output inductor converter in the dynamic process of value realization with low steady-state current ripple and advantages of high dynamic current change rate. In order to improve the reliability of power supply of pulse power load, reducing the pulse power converter and pulse power storage element working stress, hybrid energy storage pulsed power converters is introduced double bus DC power supply to realize multi-channel pulse load power supply scheme. In order to reduce the pulse power load disturbance brought to the main DC bus, the input current ripple cancellation converter with tapped inductor structure, by adding auxiliary inductance, capacitance and inductance and tap work together to simplify the design of input current ripple cancellation and combining with the manufacturing process. Interleaved converter power level, and has the advantages of high working frequency equivalent auxiliary inductor ripple cancellation scheme, proposed interleaved ripple cancellation Converter program, to provide new ideas for the design of auxiliary power converter with high power pulse. Basic characteristics can change range of components in a wide voltage super capacitor on the study of wide working voltage characteristic of the converter topology and optimization scheme, put forward multiple working mode variable structure bridge converter topology, steady state optimization wide range of voltage converter and improve the converter efficiency in wide voltage range. At the same time the introduction of magnetic integration technology, to solve the bridge converter discontinuous input current. This segmented variable amplitude triangular carrier control scheme based on the feedback of the input voltage, wide voltage converter to simplify the design process and optimization of loop power fluctuation caused by suppression of modes switching, provide a guarantee for the magnetic integrated multi mode variable structure bridge converter based on 50Hz-1kHz. The efficient and stable operation of the wide range of frequency The pulse power supply load of hybrid energy storage mode double DC bus pulsed power supply system architecture and the corresponding pulse power supply scheme based on. At the same time for each sub module of the power system work demand, put forward respectively increasing and decreasing pressure of magnetic integration technique and tapped variable inductance technology high dynamic response pulse power converter topology based on the coupled inductor and tapped inductor technology low ripple current pulse power auxiliary converter topology and wide voltage range of magnetic integration technique, multi mode variable structure bridge converter topology based on the contents mentioned in this paper, for the hybrid energy storage type double bus architecture and the study of pulse power optimization design the sub module provides effective solutions.

【學位授予單位】：哈爾濱工業(yè)大學
【學位級別】：博士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TM46

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