本文關(guān)鍵詞：考慮配電網(wǎng)電壓無功資源時(shí)空耦合特性的協(xié)調(diào)優(yōu)化控制研究　出處：《中國農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)》2017年博士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

  更多相關(guān)文章： 電容器優(yōu)化分組 兩級協(xié)調(diào)控制 多時(shí)間尺度 日前無功計(jì)劃 熵權(quán)優(yōu)選法

【摘要】：隨著電力負(fù)荷需求的快速增長,以及分布式電源(Distributed Generation,DG)的大規(guī)模接入,傳統(tǒng)的配電網(wǎng)規(guī)劃方法與運(yùn)行控制策略難以滿足用戶日益增長的電壓質(zhì)量要求以及電力系統(tǒng)運(yùn)行的安全、穩(wěn)定和經(jīng)濟(jì)性需要。在此背景下,本文圍繞配電網(wǎng)的電壓無功時(shí)空解耦控制方法,對變電站無功優(yōu)化配置、DG接入后的配電網(wǎng)無功優(yōu)化運(yùn)行及具體的求解算法進(jìn)行研究,主要工作包括:(1)提出一種考慮無功需求曲線時(shí)序性特征的變電站并聯(lián)補(bǔ)償電容器優(yōu)化分組方法。該方法首先以段內(nèi)距與段間距的比值最小為目標(biāo)建立曲線分段的數(shù)學(xué)模型,對無功需求曲線分段;然后,提出一種改進(jìn)模糊C均值聚類算法對曲線的分段結(jié)果聚類,根據(jù)聚類結(jié)果即可確定電容器分組方案,分組數(shù)等于聚類數(shù),分組容量等于相鄰聚類中心的差值。最后,采用九區(qū)圖無功控制方法,綜合考慮電壓質(zhì)量、網(wǎng)絡(luò)損耗以及電容器組動作次數(shù)等技術(shù)指標(biāo),對比不同電容器分組方案在系統(tǒng)運(yùn)行中的優(yōu)化效果。(2)針對大規(guī)模DG接入后的配電網(wǎng)電壓無功控制問題,提出考慮配電網(wǎng)時(shí)空耦合特性的協(xié)調(diào)控制架構(gòu)�；诔Ｒ奃G的電壓無功特性以及不同類型電壓無功設(shè)備的控制特性分析,提出配電網(wǎng)電壓無功兩級協(xié)調(diào)控制模式實(shí)現(xiàn)配電網(wǎng)空間上的解耦,兩個(gè)控制層級通過對關(guān)口電壓和功率因數(shù)的不斷修正實(shí)現(xiàn)電壓的最優(yōu)分布和無功功率的就地平衡,進(jìn)而達(dá)到全網(wǎng)的最優(yōu)控制;提出多時(shí)間尺度的控制方法實(shí)現(xiàn)配電網(wǎng)電壓無功控制在時(shí)間上的解耦,通過日前計(jì)劃、短時(shí)調(diào)度和實(shí)時(shí)控制這三個(gè)時(shí)間尺度的滾動修正來逐級降低負(fù)荷與DG出力預(yù)測誤差對系統(tǒng)控制的影響,實(shí)現(xiàn)系統(tǒng)的最優(yōu)控制。(3)提出一種基于最優(yōu)分割一聯(lián)合優(yōu)化的配電網(wǎng)日前無功計(jì)劃方法,以解決DG與有載調(diào)壓變壓器分接頭(On-load Tap Changer, OLTC)以及電容器組的協(xié)調(diào)優(yōu)化問題。該方法通過對OLTC和電容器組的靜態(tài)最優(yōu)出力序列進(jìn)行最優(yōu)分割,確定設(shè)備的動作時(shí)刻,實(shí)現(xiàn)了 OLTC檔位及電容器組投切容量等離散型控制變量在時(shí)間上的解耦。考慮不同設(shè)備的電壓無功調(diào)節(jié)特性,提出以靜態(tài)優(yōu)化結(jié)果為基礎(chǔ),先確定OLTC檔位,再優(yōu)化電容器組動作時(shí)刻,最后通過聯(lián)合優(yōu)化求解電容器組與DG最優(yōu)電壓無功出力的整體思路,通過OLTC、電容器組和DG三者的協(xié)調(diào)配合實(shí)現(xiàn)全網(wǎng)的最優(yōu)控制。以某地實(shí)際85節(jié)點(diǎn)配電網(wǎng)為例,建立仿真模型,驗(yàn)證了本方法的正確性和有效性。(4)針對現(xiàn)有無功優(yōu)化算法存在的不易收斂、求解速度較慢等問題,提出一種適用于配電網(wǎng)實(shí)時(shí)無功優(yōu)化的熵權(quán)優(yōu)選法,該方法包括負(fù)荷分布匹配和熵權(quán)法兩個(gè)步驟。首先,基于無功優(yōu)化方案與數(shù)據(jù)源的關(guān)系分析,提出一種基于典型場景劃分和拉依達(dá)準(zhǔn)則的負(fù)荷分布匹配方法,可以快速、準(zhǔn)確地從大量歷史數(shù)據(jù)中選取若干個(gè)備選方案;然后,考慮網(wǎng)損、電壓偏移量和靜態(tài)電壓穩(wěn)定性等多個(gè)指標(biāo),對各備選方案進(jìn)行評價(jià),采用熵權(quán)法將多屬性決策轉(zhuǎn)化為單屬性決策問題,進(jìn)而選出最優(yōu)方案。并且,針對實(shí)際運(yùn)行中歷史數(shù)據(jù)不完善或歷史方案優(yōu)化效果較差等問題,提出一種混合算法,將熵權(quán)優(yōu)選法與常規(guī)優(yōu)化方法結(jié)合使用,以保證計(jì)算結(jié)果的最優(yōu)性。最后,在IEEE 33節(jié)點(diǎn)系統(tǒng)、PGE 69節(jié)點(diǎn)系統(tǒng)以及某地實(shí)際173節(jié)點(diǎn)配電網(wǎng)和292節(jié)點(diǎn)配電網(wǎng)等多個(gè)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)算例和實(shí)際算例系統(tǒng)中進(jìn)行仿真驗(yàn)證,并通過與遺傳算法、序列二次規(guī)劃算法等現(xiàn)有方法的對比,證明了所提方法的正確性和有效性。
[Abstract]:With the rapid growth of power load demand, and distributed power supply (Distributed Generation, DG) of the large-scale access, distribution network planning and operation method of the traditional control strategy is difficult to satisfy the requirements of users increasing voltage quality and power system security, stability and economy. Under this background, this paper focuses on the voltage distribution network work time decoupling control method, reactive power optimization of substation, distribution network with DG after reactive power optimization operation and specific algorithm are studied, the main work includes: (1) proposed a reactive demand curve time sequence features optimization grouping method for substation capacitor. Firstly, by segment from the ratio of the minimum section spacing mathematical model of target curve segment, the reactive power demand curve; then, we put forward an improved fuzzy C means clustering The results of the clustering algorithm piecewise curve, according to the clustering results can determine the capacitor grouping scheme, packet number is equal to the number of clusters, the packet capacity is equal to the difference between adjacent cluster centers. Finally, the nine area reactive power control method, considering the quality of voltage, network loss and capacitor action number and other technical indicators, the optimization effect comparison of different capacitor grouping scheme in the operation of the system. (2) according to the distribution voltage and reactive power after the large-scale DG access control problem, put forward the coordinated control architecture spatial and temporal characteristics of the distribution network. Considering the control characteristic of common DG voltage and reactive power characteristics and different types of voltage and reactive power equipment based on the proposed voltage distribution network reactive two coordinated control mode to realize decoupling of the spatial distribution network on the two level of pass through control of voltage and power factor correction to achieve the optimal constant voltage The cloth and the reactive power balance on the spot, and then achieve the optimal network control; decoupling control of reactive power at the time of the proposed control method of multi time scale implementation of voltage distribution network, the day before the program, rolling short-term scheduling and real-time control of the three time scale correction to progressively reduce the load and output forecast error DG the impact on the control system, realize the optimal control of the system. (3) proposed a distribution network on a joint optimal segmentation method based on reactive power planning before, in order to solve the DG and transformer taps (On-load Tap, Changer, OLTC) and the coordination and optimization of the capacitor. The output method the optimal segmentation by static optimal sequence of OLTC and capacitor group, determine the action time of the equipment, the OLTC shift and the capacitor switching capacity of the discrete control variables at the time of the consideration is not decoupled. The same equipment voltage and reactive power regulation characteristics, based on static optimization based on the results, to determine the OLTC file, and then optimize the capacitor action time, finally through the joint optimization of capacitor group and DG optimal voltage reactive power output of the whole idea, through the OLTC, coordinate the capacitors and the three with the realization of DG the whole network optimal control. Taking a practical 85 bus distribution network as an example, a simulation model is established to verify the correctness and validity of this method. (4) according to the existing reactive power optimization algorithms are not convergence, problem solving speed, this paper puts forward a suitable real-time distribution network reactive power optimization entropy optimization method, the method includes matching load distribution and entropy method in two steps. First, analysis of the relationship between the reactive power optimization scheme and data source based on a matching method of typical scene classification and Pauta criterion based on the load distribution, can Fast, accurate selection of a number of alternatives from a large number of historical data; then, considering network loss, voltage deviation and voltage stability and other indicators, to evaluate various options, using entropy method to multiple attribute decision making is transformed into a single attribute decision problem, and select the optimal solution. And, according to the the problems in the actual operation of historical data is not perfect or historical optimization effect is poor, this paper proposes a hybrid algorithm combining the entropy optimization method and conventional optimization methods, the optimality of the calculated result. Finally, in the IEEE 33 node system, PGE 69 bus system and a practical 173 bus distribution network and 292 node distribution network as a standard example and numerical simulation system, and through the comparison with the genetic algorithm, the sequence of two quadratic programming algorithm and other existing methods, to prove the validity of the proposed method and Efficiency.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TM714.3;TM732

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