【摘要】：本文在傳統(tǒng)的靜態(tài)旋流器和動(dòng)態(tài)旋流器的研究基礎(chǔ)上,設(shè)計(jì)了一種新型的靜螺旋柵式除油型動(dòng)態(tài)旋流器。該油水分離器不僅運(yùn)用了經(jīng)典的靜態(tài)旋流器的旋流筒結(jié)構(gòu),而且還在旋流筒的入口處設(shè)計(jì)了一個(gè)靜止的螺旋柵結(jié)構(gòu),同時(shí)該旋流器的旋流筒可以在電機(jī)的帶動(dòng)下實(shí)現(xiàn)高速旋轉(zhuǎn)。 在前期的研究工作中已經(jīng)實(shí)現(xiàn)了對(duì)動(dòng)態(tài)旋流器強(qiáng)制渦流形成控制機(jī)理的研究、強(qiáng)制渦流前推穩(wěn)定機(jī)理的研究以及旋轉(zhuǎn)筒轉(zhuǎn)速對(duì)分離效率影響的研究。本文的重點(diǎn)將是研究旋流器其他操作參數(shù)(入口濃度、入口流量和壓降比)對(duì)該油水分離器的分離性能的影響以及旋流器對(duì)于深水環(huán)境壓力及內(nèi)外壓差適應(yīng)控制機(jī)理的研究。 本文通過(guò)理論推導(dǎo)和CFD(Computational Fluid Dynamics)仿真研究得到了入口濃度、入口流量和壓降比對(duì)旋流器分離效率和分流比的影響情況。旋流器分離效率對(duì)入口流量變化是非常敏感的,而對(duì)入口濃度的變化不是太敏感。當(dāng)入口流量很小的時(shí)候,分離效率還是不錯(cuò)的,但是分流比比較低。當(dāng)入口流量不斷增加,分離效率開(kāi)始會(huì)有一點(diǎn)點(diǎn)波動(dòng),當(dāng)入口流量很大的時(shí)候,分離效率會(huì)顯著地下降。而入口濃度比較小的時(shí)候,對(duì)分離效率的影響非常不明顯。當(dāng)入口濃度大于一定值的時(shí)候,分離效率會(huì)直線下降。壓降比隨著入口壓力的增加先是很明顯地降低然后逐漸趨于平穩(wěn),而隨著出油口壓力的增加成線性關(guān)系不斷降低。而旋流器的分離效率隨著壓降比的增加先明顯地增加然后趨于平穩(wěn),而旋流器的分流比隨著壓降比的增加成線性關(guān)系不斷降低。為了讓旋流器的綜合性能達(dá)到最優(yōu),旋流器的壓降比應(yīng)該保持在1.3左右。此外,為了適應(yīng)深海壓力環(huán)境,本文不僅為旋流器部分設(shè)計(jì)了系統(tǒng)的密封方案,還通過(guò)仿真研究了深海壓力是否對(duì)旋流器的分離性能有影響。仿真結(jié)果顯示,只有旋流器的壓降比一定,環(huán)境壓力對(duì)旋流器的分離性能基本不會(huì)產(chǎn)生任何影響。 最后,本文根據(jù)理論和仿真的情況不斷改進(jìn)所設(shè)計(jì)的實(shí)驗(yàn)裝置,并作了大量的實(shí)驗(yàn)研究。雖然實(shí)驗(yàn)中的一些缺陷使所得到的實(shí)驗(yàn)數(shù)據(jù)與仿真的數(shù)據(jù)還存在一定的差距,但是實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果能夠很好地驗(yàn)證前文的理論和仿真的結(jié)果。理論和仿真所得到的操作參數(shù)能夠很好地用于實(shí)驗(yàn)中的實(shí)際操作。
[Abstract]:Based on the research of traditional static cyclone and dynamic cyclone, a new type of static spiral grid deoiling dynamic cyclone is designed in this paper. The oil-water separator not only uses the cyclone structure of the classical static cyclone, but also designs a static spiral grid structure at the entrance of the cyclone. At the same time, the cyclone cylinder can rotate at high speed driven by the motor. In the previous research work, the control mechanism of forced vortex formation, the stability mechanism of forced vortex forward and the influence of rotating speed on separation efficiency of dynamic cyclone have been studied. The emphasis of this paper will be on the influence of other operating parameters (inlet concentration, inlet flow rate and pressure drop ratio) on the separation performance of the oil-water separator and the adaptive control mechanism of the cyclone for pressure and internal and external pressure difference in deep water environment. In this paper, the effects of inlet concentration, inlet flow rate and pressure drop ratio on the separation efficiency and shunt ratio of cyclone are obtained by theoretical derivation and CFD (Computational Fluid Dynamics) simulation. The separation efficiency of cyclone is very sensitive to the change of inlet flow rate, but not to the change of inlet concentration. When the inlet flow is very small, the separation efficiency is good, but the shunt ratio is low. When the inlet flow is increasing, the separation efficiency will fluctuate a little, and when the inlet flow is very large, the separation efficiency will decrease significantly. When the inlet concentration is small, the effect on the separation efficiency is very not obvious. When the inlet concentration is greater than a certain value, the separation efficiency will decrease in a straight line. With the increase of inlet pressure, the pressure drop ratio decreases obviously and then tends to be stable gradually, while the linear relationship decreases with the increase of outlet pressure. The separation efficiency of the cyclone increases obviously with the increase of the pressure drop ratio and then tends to be stable, while the shunt ratio of the cyclone decreases linearly with the increase of the pressure drop ratio. In order to optimize the comprehensive performance of the cyclone, the pressure drop ratio of the cyclone should be kept at about 1.3. In addition, in order to adapt to the deep-sea pressure environment, not only the sealing scheme of the system is designed for the cyclone, but also the influence of deep-sea pressure on the separation performance of the cyclone is studied by simulation. The simulation results show that only the pressure drop ratio of the cyclone is certain, and the environmental pressure has little effect on the separation performance of the cyclone. Finally, according to the theory and simulation, the designed experimental device is continuously improved, and a lot of experimental research is done. Although there is still a certain gap between the experimental data and the simulated data due to some defects in the experiment, the experimental results can well verify the previous theoretical and simulation results. The operating parameters obtained by theory and simulation can be well applied to the actual operation in the experiment.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：浙江大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：U664.91

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本文編號(hào)：2491693