本文選題：深海潛水器 + 觀察窗　； 參考：《內(nèi)蒙古工業(yè)大學(xué)》2016年碩士論文

【摘要】：大海覆蓋著地球71%的表面積,地球大量的資源都儲(chǔ)藏在海底。隨著陸地資源的日益枯竭,人們開始向海洋進(jìn)軍,開發(fā)和利用海底資源,能夠很好的緩和人口日益增長(zhǎng)與資源日益缺乏所產(chǎn)生的矛盾,保證我國(guó)的國(guó)民經(jīng)濟(jì)健康的發(fā)展。利用海洋資源需要研發(fā)先進(jìn)的海洋探測(cè)設(shè)備,能夠在海底探測(cè)更長(zhǎng)的時(shí)間,潛入更深,在海底能夠完成各種高難度的作業(yè)。因此,要設(shè)計(jì)出更先進(jìn)的深海載人潛水器需要許多先進(jìn)材料、先進(jìn)工藝和先進(jìn)技術(shù)。然而最重要的是,深海載人潛水器在海底順利完成科研任務(wù)條件是整個(gè)設(shè)備具有非常高的安全可靠性。其中,開口結(jié)構(gòu)是影響深海載人潛水器密封性和結(jié)構(gòu)強(qiáng)度的重要因素之一。主要的大的開口結(jié)構(gòu)分為兩種:一種是供科研人員進(jìn)出的水密門,一種是觀測(cè)用的觀察窗。深潛器觀察窗的材料為有機(jī)玻璃PMMA,窗座是由鈦合金制成的。本文的主要研究對(duì)象是在高壓作用下,觀察窗應(yīng)力、軸向位移、有機(jī)玻璃的變形規(guī)律、接觸壓應(yīng)力、摩擦應(yīng)力和蠕變,以及對(duì)載人部分做了模態(tài)分析,保證觀察窗結(jié)構(gòu)在工作過程中的安全可靠。以深海載人潛水器重要開口結(jié)構(gòu)之一的主觀察窗做為研究對(duì)象,基于彈塑性的理論,研究施加靜態(tài)載荷時(shí),有機(jī)玻璃的變形情況及其特點(diǎn)。利用有限元軟件,對(duì)觀察窗進(jìn)行模擬,探討相同摩擦系數(shù)、不同壓力下,接觸面上各點(diǎn)的軸向位移、對(duì)稱軸上各點(diǎn)的軸向位移隨有機(jī)玻璃軸向深度的增加的變化趨勢(shì)。從而得出觀察窗有機(jī)玻璃的變形規(guī)律。對(duì)接觸面上的摩擦系數(shù)進(jìn)行分段設(shè)置,經(jīng)過對(duì)比,選擇合適的建模方式,然后設(shè)置不同摩擦系數(shù),研究不同摩擦系數(shù)對(duì)力學(xué)性能的影響�？紤]到深潛器觀察窗使用的材料為有機(jī)玻璃,其性能不同于金屬材料。在海水的高壓作用下隨著時(shí)間的推移,會(huì)產(chǎn)生蠕變變形,這種變形與外載荷大小、受壓時(shí)間、材料本身的特性等因素有關(guān)。本文初步探討了蠕變對(duì)觀察窗的影響,并進(jìn)行了有限元模擬,得出結(jié)果與文獻(xiàn)中的實(shí)驗(yàn)數(shù)據(jù)做對(duì)比,幾乎完全吻合,也驗(yàn)證了有限元軟件在分析有機(jī)玻璃的蠕變的可行性。在海底進(jìn)行科研工作時(shí),發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)會(huì)產(chǎn)生振動(dòng),其頻率可能會(huì)引起整個(gè)潛水器的共振,引起耐壓球殼及觀察窗的變形,破壞其密封性,存在嚴(yán)重的安全隱患,利用有限元軟件對(duì)其進(jìn)行模態(tài)分析,得出固有頻率,從而使發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)工作頻率避開這幾個(gè)固有頻率,提高了深海潛水器的安全可靠性。本文分析深海潛水器載人部分所得到的結(jié)論以及所使用的有限元方法對(duì)以后深潛器的設(shè)計(jì)具有一定的參考意義。
[Abstract]:The sea covers the surface area of 71% of the earth, and a large amount of the earth's resources are stored on the sea floor. As the land resources become increasingly exhausted, people begin to march into the ocean, develop and utilize the resources of the sea, which can well ease the contradiction between the growing population and the increasing lack of resources, and ensure the healthy development of our national economy. Ocean resources need to develop advanced marine exploration equipment that can be detected for longer time, deeper into the sea, and a variety of difficult operations on the seabed. Therefore, the design of a more advanced deep-sea manned submersible requires a lot of advanced materials, advanced technology and advanced technology. The whole equipment has very high safety and reliability. The opening structure is one of the important factors that affect the sealing and structural strength of the deep-sea manned submersible. The main large opening structures are divided into two kinds: one is the watertight door for scientific research personnel, the other is the observation window. The material of the observation window is PMMA of organic glass and the window seat is made of titanium alloy. The main object of this paper is to observe the stress of the window, the axial displacement, the deformation law of the organic glass, the contact pressure stress, the friction stress and creep, and the modal analysis of the manned part under the action of high pressure. Safety and reliability. Taking the subjective window of one of the important opening structures of deep-sea manned submersible as the research object, based on the theory of elastoplastic, the deformation and characteristics of the plexiglass are studied when the static load is applied. By using the finite element software, the observation window is simulated to discuss the phase of the friction coefficient, the different pressure and the points on the contact surface. The axial displacement, the axial displacement of each point on the symmetrical axis is changed with the increase of the axial depth of the organic glass. Thus the deformation law of the observed window organic glass is obtained. The friction coefficient on the butt contact surface is set in segments, and the suitable modeling method is selected after comparison, and then different friction coefficients are set up to study the force of different friction coefficients. Considering that the material used in the observation window of the deep submersible is organic glass, its performance is different from that of the metal material. Under the high pressure of the sea water, the creep deformation will occur with the passage of time. This deformation is related to the external load, the compression time, the properties of the material and so on. This paper preliminarily discusses the creep to the observation window. The results are compared with the experimental data in the literature, and the results are almost identical. It also proves the feasibility of the finite element software in the analysis of the creep of the plexiglass. The engine will vibrate at the bottom of the sea, and the frequency may cause the resonance of the whole submersible and cause the pressure resistant spherical shell. And the deformation of the observation window, destroy its seal, there is a serious safety hidden danger, using the finite element software to carry on the modal analysis, get the natural frequency, so that the engine frequency avoids these natural frequencies, and improves the safety and reliability of the deep-sea submersible. This paper analyzes the conclusion of the manned part of the deep-sea submersible and the conclusion of the deep sea submersible. The finite element method used has some reference significance for the design of future deep submersible.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：內(nèi)蒙古工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號(hào)】：U674.941

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