本文選題：船舶火災 + 監(jiān)控��； 參考：《江蘇大學》2016年碩士論文

【摘要】：船舶火災是船舶在航運過程中時有發(fā)生且危險性大的安全事故�；馂陌l(fā)生時,難以得到外援,只能依靠船員和船上的滅火設備,撲滅難度遠大于陸地火災。因此,及早發(fā)現(xiàn)火警并及時采取撲救措施就顯得十分重要。鑒于船舶火災的復雜性及特殊性,有關船舶火災的成因、早期預警、檢測、報警和聯(lián)動滅火等一直是國內(nèi)外船舶制造業(yè)、科研院所重點關注的熱點課題。論文在對船舶火災特點及國內(nèi)外火災報警系統(tǒng)現(xiàn)狀和發(fā)展趨勢深入研究的基礎上,提出了基于CAN總線的船舶防火監(jiān)控系統(tǒng),系統(tǒng)由上、下位計算機組成,由CAN總線通訊模塊實現(xiàn)相互通訊,監(jiān)控對象被分成普通艙室、電池艙室和通風管道。下位機由單片機采集溫度、煙霧濃度、氫氣濃度、風閘位置狀態(tài)通過CAN總線發(fā)送給上位機,上位機處理判斷,如果發(fā)生火警,則進行報警、關閉相應的風閘并進行噴淋滅火。具體研究成果如下:1.研究了船舶火災的特點、危害、成因、預防和監(jiān)控措施的基礎上,重點分析了國內(nèi)外火災探測技術和火災報警控制技術的研究現(xiàn)狀和發(fā)展趨勢,明確了本課題研究目的、意義和研究內(nèi)容。給出了基于CAN總線的船舶防火監(jiān)控系統(tǒng)設計方案。2.選用Silicon Labs公司的C8051F330作為控制器芯片,MCP2515作為CAN獨立控制器。設計了溫度、煙霧濃度、氫氣濃度、風閘狀態(tài)、報警、通訊和電源電路,設計了PCB板并采用了抗干擾措施。3.在深入研究CAN協(xié)議的基礎上,制定了CAN總線的報文格式,編制了溫度、煙霧濃度、氫氣濃度、風閘狀態(tài)數(shù)據(jù)采集與處理程序以及通信與報警、自動滅火控制程序。在學習研究LabVIEW軟件開發(fā)平臺的基礎上,編寫了上位機與下位機間通信程序和船舶火災監(jiān)控系統(tǒng)的界面。4.采用CAN總線分析測試儀CANalyst對下位機CAN總線節(jié)點的數(shù)據(jù)收發(fā)進行了測試,通過Modbus RTU調(diào)試工具對下位機的單片機程序進行了測試,測試了下位機通過CAN總線和上位機進行的Modbus RTU模式通信。通過模擬火災環(huán)境,測試子節(jié)點的信號采集和處理功能。測試結果表明系統(tǒng)工作穩(wěn)定有效,抗干擾性能強,維護方便,驗證了論文所提出的監(jiān)控系統(tǒng)滿足任務的要求。論文提出的船舶火災監(jiān)控系統(tǒng)已具雛形,進一步的工作是將其產(chǎn)品化,實際應用到船舶中去,以提高我國船舶消防技術的綜合實力。
[Abstract]:Ship fire is a kind of safety accident which occurs frequently and is dangerous in the course of shipping. When the fire occurs, it is difficult to get foreign aid, and can only rely on the crew and the fire extinguishing equipment on board, which is much more difficult than the land fire. Therefore, early detection of fire and timely measures to combat it is very important. In view of the complexity and particularity of ship fire, the causes of ship fire, early warning, detection, alarm and linkage fire extinguishing have always been the hot topics of shipbuilding industry and scientific research institutes at home and abroad. Based on the deep research on the characteristics of ship fire and the present situation and development trend of fire alarm system at home and abroad, a ship fire prevention and control system based on can bus is proposed in this paper. The system is composed of upper and lower computers. The can bus communication module is used to communicate with each other, and the monitoring objects are divided into common compartment, battery compartment and ventilation duct. The lower computer collects the temperature, smoke concentration, hydrogen concentration and the position state of the air gate through can bus to the upper computer. The upper computer processes and judges the fire alarm, closes the corresponding wind lock and sprinkles the fire extinguishing. Specific research results are as follows: 1. Based on the study of the characteristics, hazards, causes, prevention and monitoring measures of ship fire, the research status and development trend of fire detection technology and fire alarm control technology at home and abroad are emphatically analyzed, and the purpose of this research is clarified. Meaning and research content. The design scheme of ship anti-fire monitoring system based on can bus is given. Silicon Labs C8051F330 is chosen as controller chip MCP2515 as can independent controller. Temperature, smoke concentration, hydrogen concentration, air gate state, alarm, communication and power circuit are designed, PCB board is designed and anti-jamming measures are adopted. Based on the research of can protocol, the message format of can bus is established, and the program of temperature, smoke concentration, hydrogen concentration, air gate state data acquisition and processing, communication and alarm, automatic fire extinguishing control program are worked out. Based on the study of LabVIEW software development platform, the communication program between upper computer and lower computer and the interface of ship fire monitoring system. The can bus analyzer CANalyst is used to test the data transceiver of the can bus node of the lower computer, and the MCU program of the lower computer is tested by Modbus RTU debugging tool. The Modbus RTU mode communication between the lower computer and the host computer through can bus is tested. The signal acquisition and processing function of the sub-nodes is tested by simulating the fire environment. The test results show that the system works stably and effectively, has strong anti-interference performance, and is easy to maintain, and verifies that the monitoring system proposed in this paper meets the requirements of the task. The ship fire monitoring system put forward in this paper has already had its embryonic form. The further work is to turn it into a product and apply it to the ship in order to improve the comprehensive strength of the ship fire fighting technology in our country.
【學位授予單位】：江蘇大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：U664.88

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