本文選題：船舶碰撞 + 雙舷側(cè)結(jié)構(gòu)�。� 參考：《哈爾濱工業(yè)大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：人們對海上資源的逐漸重視使航運業(yè)得到了相應(yīng)的快速發(fā)展。而航線密度增大,加之天氣以及人為等因素的影響導(dǎo)致船舶碰撞事故頻發(fā)。船舶作為一種復(fù)雜而龐大的海上移動建筑物,一旦發(fā)生碰撞事故,所帶來的后果十分嚴(yán)重,極有可能導(dǎo)致人員的傷亡,船體結(jié)構(gòu)的破損以及嚴(yán)重的環(huán)境污染。因此對船體結(jié)構(gòu)的耐撞性問題進(jìn)行研究,尋求增強(qiáng)其耐撞性的方法具有極其重要的意義。碰撞問題的強(qiáng)非線性特點導(dǎo)致其求解難度增加,本文碰撞問題的數(shù)值模擬分析選用ANSYS/LS-DYNA顯示動力有限元分析軟件。從船舶典型構(gòu)件加筋板架結(jié)構(gòu)碰撞問題的分析入手,完成本文分析方法的驗證。同時根據(jù)加筋板架結(jié)構(gòu)在碰撞過程中的變形情況對其力學(xué)模型進(jìn)行簡化,運用塑性力學(xué)等相關(guān)知識推導(dǎo)碰撞力的簡化解析公式。經(jīng)過驗證,該公式具有一定精度,可用于對加筋板結(jié)構(gòu)的碰撞問題進(jìn)行初步計算。根據(jù)所確定的有限元分析方法,以某30萬噸級VLCC船舶為研究對象,完成雙舷側(cè)結(jié)構(gòu)碰撞模型的建立。分析在碰撞過程中各構(gòu)件的吸能和損傷變形等情況。同時分析在不同工況下雙舷側(cè)結(jié)構(gòu)所體現(xiàn)出的耐撞性差異,討論外在因素的變化對雙舷側(cè)結(jié)構(gòu)碰撞的影響。對增強(qiáng)船舶耐撞性的方法進(jìn)行總結(jié)概述,將其中通過改變構(gòu)件幾何尺寸的方式等效為雙舷側(cè)結(jié)構(gòu)幾何參數(shù)的變化,將在雙舷側(cè)結(jié)構(gòu)內(nèi)部填充材料以及在雙舷側(cè)結(jié)構(gòu)外部設(shè)置護(hù)舷裝置這兩種通過使用耐撞性材料來增強(qiáng)結(jié)構(gòu)耐撞性的方式等效為雙舷側(cè)結(jié)構(gòu)材料參數(shù)的變化,同時考慮到不同構(gòu)件在碰撞過程中表現(xiàn)出的不同的耐撞能力以及耐撞性材料的敷設(shè)位置會對耐撞性能產(chǎn)生不同影響,分別討論了在雙舷側(cè)結(jié)構(gòu)中當(dāng)不同構(gòu)件的幾何參數(shù)與材料參數(shù)發(fā)生變化時對整體結(jié)構(gòu)耐撞性產(chǎn)生的影響。根據(jù)雙舷側(cè)結(jié)構(gòu)各參數(shù)的改變所引起的耐撞性變化情況,以結(jié)構(gòu)比吸能的最大值為優(yōu)化目標(biāo),分別以各構(gòu)件的彈性模量、屈服應(yīng)力以及幾何參數(shù)為優(yōu)化變量,選取響應(yīng)面優(yōu)化方法并結(jié)合適當(dāng)?shù)脑囼炘O(shè)計方法對雙舷側(cè)結(jié)構(gòu)的耐撞性進(jìn)行優(yōu)化分析,得到相應(yīng)約束區(qū)間內(nèi)不同構(gòu)件各項參數(shù)的最優(yōu)解,提出增強(qiáng)雙舷側(cè)結(jié)構(gòu)耐撞性的優(yōu)化方案。
[Abstract]:People pay more and more attention to marine resources, which makes shipping industry develop rapidly. The increase of route density and the influence of weather and human factors lead to frequent collision accidents. As a complex and huge moving building on the sea, once a collision accident occurs, the consequences are very serious, which may lead to casualties, damage to the hull structure and serious environmental pollution. Therefore, it is of great significance to study the crashworthiness of hull structure and to seek ways to enhance its crashworthiness. The strong nonlinearity of the collision problem makes it more difficult to solve. In this paper, the ANSYS/LS-DYNA display dynamic finite element analysis software is used for the numerical simulation and analysis of the collision problem. Based on the analysis of the collision problem of ship's typical stiffened slab-frame structure, the analysis method of this paper is verified. At the same time, the mechanical model is simplified according to the deformation of stiffened plate-frame structure in the course of impact, and the simplified analytical formula of impact force is deduced by using the relevant knowledge of plastic mechanics. It is proved that the formula has a certain accuracy and can be used to calculate the collision problem of stiffened plate structure. According to the established finite element analysis method, a 300,000-ton VLCC ship is taken as the research object, and the collision model of the double-side structure is established. The energy absorption and damage deformation of each component during impact are analyzed. At the same time, the crashworthiness difference of the double side structure under different working conditions is analyzed, and the influence of the external factors on the impact of the double side structure is discussed. The methods of enhancing ship's crashworthiness are summarized, in which the change of the geometric size of the components is equivalent to the change of the geometric parameters of the double-side structure. The two ways in which the internal filling material of the double side structure and the fender installation outside the double side structure are equivalent to the change of the material parameters of the double side structure by using the crashworthiness material to enhance the crashworthiness of the structure, At the same time, considering the different crashworthiness of different components during the impact process and the location of crashworthiness materials, the crashworthiness will be affected differently. The effects of different geometric and material parameters on the crashworthiness of the whole structure are discussed respectively. According to the change of crashworthiness caused by the change of the parameters of the double-side structure, the maximum energy absorption of the structure is taken as the optimization objective, and the elastic modulus, yield stress and geometric parameters of each component are taken as the optimization variables, respectively. Selecting the response surface optimization method and combining the appropriate experimental design method to optimize the crashworthiness of the double-side structure, the optimal solution of the parameters of different components in the corresponding constraint interval is obtained. An optimization scheme for enhancing the crashworthiness of double side structures is proposed.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：哈爾濱工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：U661.43

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本文編號：1936505