本文選題：低速航行 + 高粘度　； 參考：《大連海事大學(xué)》2016年碩士論文

【摘要】：國際金融危機(jī)爆發(fā)后,航運(yùn)市場持續(xù)低迷,航運(yùn)企業(yè)開始面臨較大的壓力和挑戰(zhàn),不僅需要應(yīng)對市場價格持續(xù)走低的壓力,同時還要處理運(yùn)營成本高等問題。同時,航運(yùn)業(yè)追求經(jīng)濟(jì)效益最大化,其前提是船舶必需滿足IMO規(guī)范標(biāo)準(zhǔn)、MARPOL國際公約以減少污染、保護(hù)環(huán)境,這對船舶節(jié)能減排的要求越來越高。為了擺脫航運(yùn)經(jīng)營困境,航運(yùn)公司應(yīng)通過各種方式來降低運(yùn)營成本。同時,隨著煉油技術(shù)提高,冶煉出超低價的重質(zhì)燃油,重質(zhì)燃油瀝青質(zhì)含量越來越高,油品粘度越來越大,燃油中大分子成分越來越多,代表油質(zhì)狀態(tài)的燃油型號也越來越大,而航運(yùn)公司為了進(jìn)一步降低船舶營運(yùn)成本中燃料油的使用成本份額,將降本增效策略進(jìn)一步延伸到船舶燃用高粘度燃油,以實(shí)現(xiàn)營運(yùn)成本的再降低。實(shí)踐和理論證明,船舶低速航行及燃燒高粘度燃油是一項(xiàng)非常有效的節(jié)能減排措施,同時也產(chǎn)生了不容忽視的負(fù)面影響,諸如影響主機(jī)壽命,增加船舶備件消耗和維修保養(yǎng)強(qiáng)度,甚至影響航行安全性。目前,真正實(shí)施"主機(jī)超低速及燃燒高粘度燃油的國內(nèi)外航運(yùn)公司鳳毛麟角,可供吸取的經(jīng)驗(yàn)和教訓(xùn)更是缺乏。本文通過對大型萬箱級集裝箱船舶實(shí)施主機(jī)低速及燃燒高粘度燃油運(yùn)行的實(shí)踐研究,分析船舶在降速及燃用高粘度燃油過程中影響船舶經(jīng)濟(jì)性、安全穩(wěn)定性因素,并通過對影響因素的分析論證得出行之有效的規(guī)避和解決對策。論文是依托中遠(yuǎn)集團(tuán)"船舶降速及燃燒高粘度燃油風(fēng)險(xiǎn)控制研究"課題(N0.2013-1-R-COO1)完成,本人作為該課題主要參與研究人員。論文可作為指導(dǎo)航運(yùn)企業(yè)船舶降速及燃燒高粘度燃油最佳實(shí)踐,指導(dǎo)新造船舶的節(jié)能減排設(shè)計(jì),同時也適用于航運(yùn)公司的營運(yùn)策略、技術(shù)策略和管理策略,對航運(yùn)公司船隊(duì)綜合節(jié)能減排策略的最佳實(shí)踐具有參考價值,對應(yīng)對航運(yùn)市場低迷,推廣船舶降速及燃燒高粘度燃油的經(jīng)驗(yàn)成果具有極高的實(shí)用性。
[Abstract]:After the outbreak of the international financial crisis, the shipping market continued to be depressed, shipping companies began to face greater pressure and challenges, not only to deal with the pressure of market prices continue to decline, but also to deal with the high operating costs and other issues. At the same time, the shipping industry pursues the maximization of economic benefits, the premise of which is that ships must meet the IMO standard and MARPOL international convention in order to reduce pollution and protect the environment, which demands more and more energy saving and emission reduction for ships. In order to get rid of the predicament of shipping operation, shipping companies should reduce their operating costs in various ways. At the same time, with the improvement of refining technology, ultra-low price heavy fuel oil has been refined. The asphaltene content of heavy fuel oil is getting higher and higher, the viscosity of the oil product is becoming larger and larger, the macromolecular composition of the fuel oil is increasing, and the fuel type representing the oil quality state is also becoming larger and larger. In order to further reduce the cost share of fuel oil in ship operating cost, the strategy of reducing cost and increasing efficiency is further extended to the use of high viscosity fuel to achieve further reduction of operating cost. Practice and theory prove that low speed navigation and combustion of high viscosity fuel are a very effective energy saving and emission reduction measure, but also have negative effects, such as affecting the life of the main engine. Increase ship spare parts consumption and maintenance strength, and even affect navigation safety. At present, there are very few domestic and foreign shipping companies that really implement the "super low speed engine and high viscosity fuel burning", and the experience and lessons to be learned are even less. Based on the practical research on the low speed engine and high viscosity fuel operation of the large ten thousand container ship, this paper analyzes the factors that affect the economy, safety and stability of the ship in the process of reducing the speed and burning the high viscosity fuel. And through the analysis and demonstration of the influencing factors, the effective evading and solving countermeasures are obtained. The thesis is based on COSCO Group's "Research on the risk Control of ship deceleration and Combustion High viscosity fuel" (N0.2013-1-R-COO1). I am the main participant in this project. The paper can be used as the best practice of ship speed reduction and high viscosity fuel burning in shipping enterprises and the design of energy saving and emission reduction for newly built ships. It is also applicable to shipping companies' operation strategy, technical strategy and management strategy. It has reference value for the best practice of comprehensive energy-saving and emission reduction strategy of shipping company fleet, and has high practicability for dealing with the downturn of shipping market and popularizing the empirical results of ship's deceleration and burning of high viscosity fuel.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：大連海事大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：U664.1

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