本文選題：導(dǎo)管架平臺(tái)　切入點(diǎn)：裂紋損傷　出處：《江蘇科技大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：海洋平臺(tái)作為海洋石油勘探開(kāi)發(fā)的主要工作和生活場(chǎng)所,目前世界上已有一百多個(gè)國(guó)家和地區(qū)從事海洋油氣的勘探、開(kāi)發(fā)。平臺(tái)長(zhǎng)期服役在惡劣的海洋環(huán)境中,腐蝕、疲勞裂紋是最為常見(jiàn)的平臺(tái)結(jié)構(gòu)損傷類(lèi)型,不僅造成平臺(tái)結(jié)構(gòu)整體抵抗力的降低,而且威脅著石油資源的利用、海洋環(huán)境的保護(hù)和人員生命的保障,國(guó)內(nèi)外歷次發(fā)生的平臺(tái)傾覆事故,不僅造成經(jīng)濟(jì)上的損失,對(duì)于作業(yè)人員的生命安全和海洋環(huán)境都會(huì)產(chǎn)生巨大的影響。因此,在役海洋平臺(tái)結(jié)構(gòu)的性能評(píng)估成為備受關(guān)注的問(wèn)題,而損傷結(jié)構(gòu)的剩余強(qiáng)度研究則是結(jié)構(gòu)性能評(píng)估的關(guān)鍵內(nèi)容。由于導(dǎo)管架平臺(tái)主要用作采油平臺(tái),固定在海水中服役數(shù)十年之久,不可避免的會(huì)產(chǎn)生裂紋,加之檢測(cè)維修困難,裂紋將對(duì)平臺(tái)的極限承載力產(chǎn)生重大影響。本文即以導(dǎo)管架平臺(tái)為例,分析裂紋損傷對(duì)導(dǎo)管架平臺(tái)結(jié)構(gòu)極限強(qiáng)度的影響。具體研究工作如下:1、闡述了對(duì)受損后的海洋結(jié)構(gòu)物進(jìn)行極限強(qiáng)度研究的現(xiàn)狀,詳細(xì)介紹了關(guān)于結(jié)構(gòu)極限強(qiáng)度的計(jì)算方法。2、闡述了基于斷裂力學(xué)原理的疲勞裂紋擴(kuò)展方法和結(jié)構(gòu)非線性行為的研究方法,引入多尺度有限元原理,并介紹多尺度模型的構(gòu)建方法和計(jì)算方法。3、根據(jù)平臺(tái)的結(jié)構(gòu)形式和環(huán)境載荷,得到平臺(tái)在工況下的熱點(diǎn)位置,同時(shí)基于斷裂力學(xué)擴(kuò)展原理確定時(shí)變裂紋尺寸,并對(duì)比分析多尺度有限元法在分析結(jié)構(gòu)極限強(qiáng)度時(shí)的適用性和可行性,為分析帶裂紋損傷的大型海洋結(jié)構(gòu)物的非線性行為創(chuàng)造了條件。4、建立了時(shí)變裂紋損傷下的導(dǎo)管架平臺(tái)多尺度模型,考察了環(huán)境荷載下,裂紋尺寸、焊縫和腐蝕壁厚等因素對(duì)平臺(tái)剩余壽命的影響。5、建立了時(shí)變裂紋損傷下的導(dǎo)管架平臺(tái)多尺度模型,得到平臺(tái)在時(shí)變裂紋損傷下,剩余強(qiáng)度的變化規(guī)律。選擇裂紋損傷對(duì)平臺(tái)整體承載力影響較大的區(qū)域?yàn)榉治鰧?duì)象,分析了單一節(jié)點(diǎn)含裂紋損傷下,裂紋尺寸、腐蝕壁厚和焊縫等因素對(duì)平臺(tái)剩余強(qiáng)度的影響;并對(duì)多節(jié)點(diǎn)裂紋損傷下海洋平臺(tái)結(jié)構(gòu)的剩余強(qiáng)度進(jìn)行研究。
[Abstract]:Offshore platform is the main work and living place of offshore oil exploration and development. At present, more than 100 countries and regions in the world are engaged in the exploration and development of offshore oil and gas.Corrosion and fatigue crack are the most common damage types of platform structure, which not only reduce the overall resistance of platform structure, but also threaten the utilization of petroleum resources.The protection of marine environment and the protection of human life, and the accidents of overturning platforms at home and abroad, not only cause economic losses, but also have a great impact on the safety of operators and marine environment.Therefore, the performance evaluation of existing offshore platform structures has become a major concern, and the residual strength of damaged structures is the key content of structural performance evaluation.Because jacket platform is mainly used as oil recovery platform, fixed in seawater for decades, it will inevitably produce cracks, and the crack will have a significant impact on the ultimate bearing capacity of the platform.In this paper, the influence of crack damage on the ultimate strength of jacket platform is analyzed.The specific research work is as follows: 1. The current situation of studying the ultimate strength of damaged marine structures is expounded.The calculation method of ultimate strength of structure is introduced in detail. The fatigue crack propagation method based on fracture mechanics and the research method of nonlinear behavior of structure are expounded. The multi-scale finite element principle is introduced.The construction method and calculation method of the multi-scale model are introduced. According to the structural form of the platform and the environmental load, the hot spot of the platform under the working condition is obtained. At the same time, the time-varying crack size is determined based on the propagation principle of fracture mechanics.The applicability and feasibility of the multi-scale finite element method in the analysis of the ultimate strength of the structure are compared and analyzed.In order to analyze the nonlinear behavior of large ocean structures with crack damage, conditions .4. the multi-scale model of jacket platform under time-varying crack damage is established, and the crack size under environmental load is investigated.The influence of weld and corrosion wall thickness on the residual life of the platform. 5. The multi-scale model of jacket platform with time-varying crack damage is established, and the variation law of residual strength of the platform under time-varying crack damage is obtained.The influence of crack size, corrosion wall thickness and weld seam on the residual strength of the platform is analyzed by selecting the area where the crack damage has a great impact on the overall bearing capacity of the platform, and the influence of crack size, corrosion wall thickness and weld seam on the residual strength of the platform is analyzed under the single joint crack damage.The residual strength of offshore platform structures under multi-node crack damage is studied.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：江蘇科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：U674.38

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