本文關(guān)鍵詞： 仿生推進 拍動水翼 響應(yīng)曲面法 實驗設(shè)計　出處：《哈爾濱工業(yè)大學》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

【摘要】：海洋空間蘊含的豐富資源使人們對海洋的開發(fā)不斷加大技術(shù)投入,各種復雜的工程應(yīng)用和水下環(huán)境對水下航器的推進性能要求越來越高。傳統(tǒng)的螺旋槳推進存在著效率低,機動性能差,效率低和噪聲大等缺點,極大地限制了其在狹窄、復雜和動態(tài)環(huán)境中的應(yīng)用。為了克服上述缺陷,適應(yīng)未來海洋開發(fā)與探索的需求,有必要尋找更加優(yōu)良的新型水下推進方式。海洋生物經(jīng)過億萬年進化,獲得了非凡的水下運動性能,因此仿生推進成為水下推進技術(shù)的研究熱點。游動生物鰭或翼的拍動形式有對稱和非對稱兩種,其中對稱拍動的推進效率相對非對稱拍動較高,非對稱拍動在一定條件下可能獲得較大的推力或者升力。大多數(shù)工程研究里面,拍動水翼只有橫向運動是自由的,這樣,運動自由度減少,工程實現(xiàn)比較容易,然而,這種約束使得仿生樣機不能準確反映觀測對象的運動。針對仿生水翼的拍動問題,本文采取流體計算仿真和實驗測量相結(jié)合的方法,首先進行運動學建模,在原有兩自由度的基礎(chǔ)上研究三自由度的非對稱拍動�；谌S非定常,不可壓縮流體控制方程,用商業(yè)軟件Fluent對仿生水翼在流場中的拍動問題進行數(shù)值計算,得到水翼拍動過程中產(chǎn)生的推力、升力和轉(zhuǎn)矩,并分析水翼拍動過程的流場,解釋仿生水翼推進機理,證明了不同拍動形式在獲取大的推進力和高的推進效率之間存在平衡而又矛盾的關(guān)系。然后分析了水翼運動參數(shù)對水翼拍動的影響規(guī)律,采用曲面響應(yīng)法(Response Surface Methodology,RSM),研究多個參數(shù)對推進效率的綜合影響,并得到一個多項式預測模型,為將來設(shè)計仿生推進器的研究提供參考。最后設(shè)計了一種經(jīng)濟可行的仿生水翼運動實驗裝置,通過伺服控制實現(xiàn)水翼的升沉和俯仰運動,以及拖動運動;選用拉壓力傳感器,實時獲取水翼拍動過程中產(chǎn)生的推進力和升力,為拍動翼的水動力分析,流場數(shù)值模擬等研究內(nèi)容提供一個實驗驗證載體。
[Abstract]:The rich resources contained in the ocean space make people increase the technical investment in the development of the ocean. Various complex engineering applications and underwater environment require higher and higher propulsion performance of underwater vehicles. The traditional propeller propulsion has low efficiency. The disadvantages of poor mobility, low efficiency and high noise greatly limit its application in narrow, complex and dynamic environments. There is a need to find better new types of underwater propulsion. Marine life has evolved over billions of years to achieve extraordinary underwater performance. Therefore, bionic propulsion has become a hot research topic in underwater propulsion technology. There are two kinds of flapping modes of the fin or wing of a swimming organism, which are symmetrical and asymmetric, among which the propelling efficiency of symmetric flapping is relatively high. In most engineering studies, only lateral motion of flapping hydrofoil is free, which reduces the degree of freedom of motion and makes engineering easier. This constraint makes the biomimetic prototype unable to accurately reflect the motion of the observed object. In view of the flapping problem of the bionic hydrofoil, this paper adopts the method of the combination of fluid calculation simulation and experimental measurement to model the kinematics at first. Based on the three dimensional unsteady and incompressible fluid control equation, the dynamic behavior of bionic hydrofoil in the flow field is numerically calculated by commercial software Fluent. The thrust, lift and torque generated during hydrofoil flapping are obtained. The flow field of hydrofoil flapping is analyzed, and the mechanism of bionic hydrofoil propulsion is explained. It is proved that there is a balance and contradiction between different flapping modes in obtaining large propelling force and high propulsion efficiency, and then the influence of hydrofoil motion parameters on hydrofoil flapping is analyzed. In this paper, the response Surface method is used to study the comprehensive effect of several parameters on the propulsion efficiency, and a polynomial prediction model is obtained. Finally, a kind of economical and feasible experimental device of bionic hydrofoil motion is designed, which can realize the motion of the hydrofoil by servo control and drag the motion, and select the pull pressure sensor, which can be used to design the bionic thruster in the future. The propulsive force and lift produced in the hydrofoil flapping process are obtained in real time, which provides an experimental verification carrier for hydrodynamic analysis and flow field numerical simulation of flapping wing.
【學位授予單位】：哈爾濱工業(yè)大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：U661

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本文編號：1515777