本文關(guān)鍵詞： 抓斗挖泥船 剛?cè)狁詈?流體仿真 動(dòng)力學(xué)仿真　出處：《大連理工大學(xué)》2016年碩士論文　論文類(lèi)型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：抓斗挖泥船是一種重要的疏浚設(shè)備,廣泛應(yīng)用于港口、航道的建設(shè)和維護(hù)以及國(guó)防建設(shè)、農(nóng)田水利等工程中。隨著疏浚市場(chǎng)規(guī)模的不斷增長(zhǎng),我國(guó)對(duì)抓斗挖泥船的需求量也越來(lái)越大。但目前國(guó)內(nèi)在抓斗挖泥船的自主設(shè)計(jì)建造及使用等環(huán)節(jié)還存在許多問(wèn)題,特別是在抓斗挖泥船作業(yè)過(guò)程中的載荷計(jì)算方面缺少參考依據(jù),很多情況下仍然依靠經(jīng)驗(yàn)公式進(jìn)行估算,很難保證所得結(jié)果的合理性和準(zhǔn)確性。抓斗挖泥船在作業(yè)過(guò)程中運(yùn)行狀態(tài)變化頻繁,因?yàn)閼T性力和沖擊作用的存在,結(jié)構(gòu)中將會(huì)產(chǎn)生動(dòng)載荷,而動(dòng)載荷的大小對(duì)挖泥船的設(shè)計(jì)計(jì)算和安全操作都具有重要意義。另外由于抓斗是在水中作業(yè),不同于陸上起重設(shè)備,需要考慮水的作用力的影響。目前國(guó)內(nèi)外缺少對(duì)抓斗挖泥船作業(yè)過(guò)程中動(dòng)態(tài)特性的相關(guān)研究,為此,本文以18m3抓斗挖泥船為研究對(duì)象,對(duì)其作業(yè)過(guò)程動(dòng)態(tài)特性進(jìn)行研究,具體內(nèi)容如下：(1)梳理總結(jié)了進(jìn)行機(jī)械系統(tǒng)動(dòng)力學(xué)仿真和流體力學(xué)仿真所需的基礎(chǔ)理論,為仿真計(jì)算的順利完成做好了前提準(zhǔn)備。(2)根據(jù)抓斗挖泥船船體、轉(zhuǎn)臺(tái)和臂架等各部件特點(diǎn),借助于Pro/E、ANSY和ADAMS等軟件建立了其整機(jī)剛?cè)狁詈夏Ｐ?特別是對(duì)挖泥船繩索系統(tǒng)建模方法做了新的嘗試,實(shí)現(xiàn)了繩索系統(tǒng)的快速參數(shù)化建模。(3)借助ANSYS Workbench平臺(tái)下的Fluent軟件,對(duì)挖泥船抓斗進(jìn)行了流體力學(xué)仿真計(jì)算,求得了抓斗在水中運(yùn)動(dòng)時(shí)所受阻力大小,并研究了阻力值與相對(duì)運(yùn)動(dòng)速度的關(guān)系。(4)考慮抓斗挖泥船水中作業(yè)的載荷特性,將流體力學(xué)仿真結(jié)果加載到抓斗挖泥船動(dòng)力學(xué)模型上,在ADAMS中對(duì)抓斗挖泥船進(jìn)行了動(dòng)力學(xué)仿真,研究了不同起升及回轉(zhuǎn)工況下臂架動(dòng)載荷及載荷特點(diǎn),為抓斗挖泥船的結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)及安全操作提供參考。
[Abstract]:Grab dredger is an important dredging equipment, which is widely used in port, waterway construction and maintenance, national defense construction, irrigation and water conservancy and other projects. The demand for grab dredger is increasing in our country, but there are still many problems in the design, construction and use of grab dredger in our country. Especially in the grab dredger operation in the process of load calculation lack of reference basis, in many cases still rely on empirical formula to estimate. It is difficult to ensure the rationality and accuracy of the obtained results. The operation state of the grab dredger changes frequently during the operation, because of the existence of inertia force and impact, the dynamic load will be produced in the structure. The size of the dynamic load is of great significance to the design calculation and safe operation of dredger. In addition because the grab is working in water it is different from the land lifting equipment. It is necessary to consider the influence of water force. At present, there is a lack of research on the dynamic characteristics of grab dredger at home and abroad. Therefore, this paper takes 18 m3 grab dredger as the research object. The dynamic characteristics of the operation process are studied. The detailed contents are as follows: 1) the basic theory of mechanical system dynamics simulation and hydrodynamics simulation is summarized. For the successful completion of the simulation calculation, the premise preparation is made. 2) according to the characteristics of grab dredger hull, turntable and arm frame, Pro/E is used. Software such as ANSY and ADAMS have established the rigid-flexible coupling model of the whole machine, especially the modeling method of the dredger rope system has made a new attempt. The fast parameterized modeling of rope system is realized. With the help of Fluent software based on ANSYS Workbench, the hydrodynamic simulation calculation of dredger grab is carried out. The magnitude of resistance of grab bucket in water motion is obtained, and the relation between resistance value and relative moving velocity is studied. 4) the load characteristics of grab dredger working in water are considered. The hydrodynamic simulation results are loaded into the dynamic model of grab dredger. The dynamic simulation of grab dredger is carried out in ADAMS, and the dynamic load and load characteristics of boom under different lifting and rotating conditions are studied. It provides reference for the structure design and safe operation of grab dredger.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：大連理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：U674.31

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