本文關(guān)鍵詞：減小碰撞損失的操船方案　出處：《集美大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文　論文類(lèi)型：學(xué)位論文

  更多相關(guān)文章： 減小碰撞損失 權(quán)值表 模擬實(shí)驗(yàn)

【摘要】：海事事故中船舶碰撞危害巨大,不僅會(huì)造成人員、財(cái)物的損失,碰撞中貨物的泄漏還將會(huì)對(duì)環(huán)境造成一定的影響,如原油泄漏等。當(dāng)兩船交會(huì)陷入緊迫危險(xiǎn)時(shí),單憑一船的行動(dòng)已無(wú)法避免碰撞的產(chǎn)生,采取有效的操船方案盡可能減小碰撞損失是值得研究的課題。減小碰撞損失操船決策的研究較為復(fù)雜,涉及面較廣,不僅需要考慮船舶的操縱特性和運(yùn)動(dòng)機(jī)理,還要借鑒一些專(zhuān)業(yè)人員的航海經(jīng)驗(yàn)。本文采用模糊數(shù)學(xué)、幾何分析和仿真實(shí)驗(yàn)的方法,完成了相關(guān)模型的建立和決策表的生成,主要工作如下:(1)優(yōu)化船舶碰撞損失評(píng)價(jià)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。以能量損失的計(jì)算(利用MATLAB程序?qū)⒋芭鲎餐獠繖C(jī)理公式套入船舶模型參數(shù)計(jì)算)為基礎(chǔ),考慮船體結(jié)構(gòu)破損情況和船舶的重點(diǎn)避碰部位;將主觀賦值結(jié)果和客觀賦值結(jié)果綜合處理得出權(quán)重值。由于船體破損的邊界具有模糊性,利用模糊系統(tǒng)理論的方法對(duì)能量損失值進(jìn)行處理獲得船體破損的相關(guān)系數(shù)。船舶碰撞損失評(píng)價(jià)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)以不同碰撞角度、碰撞位置下的損失權(quán)值體現(xiàn);重點(diǎn)在將船舶碰撞能量損失曲線(xiàn)的細(xì)化。(2)確定不可避免碰撞下操船措施。主要采用專(zhuān)家咨詢(xún)和仿真模擬實(shí)驗(yàn)相結(jié)合的研究方法。重點(diǎn)討論了停車(chē)在開(kāi)闊水域的轉(zhuǎn)向和降速效果,在仿真平臺(tái)上進(jìn)行模擬操船實(shí)驗(yàn)驗(yàn)證,通過(guò)向《船舶操縱與避碰》課程執(zhí)教教師和資深船長(zhǎng)咨詢(xún),進(jìn)一步分析其機(jī)理。(3)完善碰撞損失最小臨界距離Dlmin。Dlmin作為緊迫危險(xiǎn)模糊邊界的內(nèi)邊界,它是制定船舶碰撞模擬實(shí)驗(yàn)的依據(jù)。本文在前期研究的估算模型基礎(chǔ)上進(jìn)行簡(jiǎn)化處理,總結(jié)出適用于不同方位來(lái)船的Dlmin計(jì)算公式,最后通過(guò)仿真實(shí)驗(yàn)驗(yàn)證這一公式計(jì)算的正確性和適用性。(4)構(gòu)建減小碰撞損失的操船方案。主要依據(jù)兩船的交會(huì)特征、來(lái)船方位、決策前的碰撞部位等要素,將不可避免碰撞下的兩船交會(huì)情況劃分為46種基本會(huì)遇態(tài)勢(shì)。借助SIHC平臺(tái)對(duì)這46種基本會(huì)遇態(tài)勢(shì)進(jìn)行模擬操船實(shí)驗(yàn),選擇左改向、右改向等操船措施中碰撞損失(碰撞損失權(quán)值)最小的為該態(tài)勢(shì)下的RCL操船決策。
[Abstract]:The collision of ships in maritime accidents will not only cause the loss of people and property, but also the leakage of goods will have a certain impact on the environment, such as oil spill, etc. When the two ships are in imminent danger. The collision can not be avoided by the action of one ship alone. It is worth studying to reduce the collision loss as much as possible by adopting the effective ship operation scheme. The research on the decision-making of reducing the collision loss is more complex and involves a wide range of aspects. It is necessary not only to consider the maneuvering characteristics and motion mechanism of ships, but also to draw lessons from the navigation experience of some professionals. The methods of fuzzy mathematics, geometric analysis and simulation experiments are used in this paper. The establishment of relevant models and the generation of decision tables are completed. The main work is as follows: 1) optimizing the evaluation standard of ship collision loss. Based on the calculation of energy loss (using MATLAB program to apply the external mechanism formula of ship collision into the calculation of ship model parameters). Considering the damage of the hull structure and the key collision avoidance position of the ship; The weight value is obtained by synthesizing the subjective and objective assignment results. The boundary of hull damage is fuzzy. The correlation coefficient of ship hull damage is obtained by using the method of fuzzy system theory to deal with the energy loss value. The evaluation standard of ship collision loss is reflected by the loss weight value under different collision angle and collision position. The emphasis is on refining the energy loss curve of ship collision. The research method of combining expert consultation and simulation experiment is adopted to determine the measures of ship operation under inevitable collision. The steering and decelerating effects of parking in open water are discussed emphatically. On the platform of simulation, the simulation ship operation experiment was carried out, and the teacher and the senior captain were consulted in the course of ship handling and collision avoidance. The mechanism is further analyzed. (3) perfect the minimum critical distance of collision loss Dlmin.Dlmin as the inner boundary of the urgent danger fuzzy boundary. It is the basis of ship collision simulation experiment. In this paper, the Dlmin calculation formula for different azimuth ships is summed up, based on the pre-study estimation model. Finally, the correctness and applicability of the formula are verified by simulation experiments. Finally, a ship operation scheme to reduce the collision loss is constructed, and the azimuth of the ship is mainly based on the intersection characteristics of the two ships. The collision position before decision is divided into 46 kinds of basic encounter situations, and the 46 basic encounter situations are simulated by SIHC platform. The minimum collision loss (weight value of collision loss) in the measures of turning left direction and right direction is the decision of RCL ship operation under this situation.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：集美大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：U675.9

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本文編號(hào)：1419713