本文關(guān)鍵詞：大型船舶推進(jìn)軸系功率流分析理論與方法研究　出處：《武漢理工大學(xué)》2014年博士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

  更多相關(guān)文章： 大型船舶 推進(jìn)軸系 軸系校中 船體變形 軸承強(qiáng)制位移 功率流分析（PFA） 功率鍵合圖

【摘要】：船舶動(dòng)力裝置是各種能量產(chǎn)生、傳遞、消耗的全部機(jī)械設(shè)備及系統(tǒng)的有機(jī)組合體，其主要任務(wù)是為船舶提供各種能量，為船舶的正常航行、作業(yè)、戰(zhàn)斗和其他需要提供推進(jìn)動(dòng)力和二次能源，，視為船舶的“心臟”。近年來，大型、超大型船舶數(shù)量占世界遠(yuǎn)洋船舶總量的比例越來越大，船舶發(fā)展的大型化既是各國(guó)海洋運(yùn)輸經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展的迫切需要，也是前沿的船舶基礎(chǔ)理論和先進(jìn)的船舶建造技術(shù)支持的產(chǎn)物。大型船舶推進(jìn)軸系狀態(tài)監(jiān)測(cè)理論與方法研究是目前尚未完全攻克的難題之一，對(duì)船舶安全航行有一定的理論指導(dǎo)意義與實(shí)用價(jià)值。通過對(duì)大型船舶推進(jìn)軸系功率能流分布特性的研究，實(shí)時(shí)掌握船舶推進(jìn)軸系能流動(dòng)態(tài)分布特性、功率流傳遞等技術(shù)狀態(tài)信息，揭示船舶推進(jìn)系統(tǒng)動(dòng)力學(xué)特性，與經(jīng)典的振動(dòng)分析、油液分析理論等方法手段相比，基于功率流的方法更易于解釋能量的分布與傳輸機(jī)理。 本文以大型船舶推進(jìn)軸系為研究對(duì)象，主要研究工作如下： （1）對(duì)船舶軸系運(yùn)行特性及其影響因素進(jìn)行了分析。分析總結(jié)了船舶推進(jìn)軸系螺旋槳激振力公式、柴油機(jī)激振力經(jīng)驗(yàn)公式和理論計(jì)算方法，分析了激振力對(duì)推進(jìn)軸系的影響。以8530TEU集裝箱船推進(jìn)軸系為研究對(duì)象，給出了其在額定轉(zhuǎn)速下螺旋槳旋轉(zhuǎn)一周各方向螺旋槳軸承力的變化特性值。研究了船舶推進(jìn)軸系各個(gè)軸承垂直位移的影響因素。指出，軸系慣性載荷、軸系初始校中、螺旋槳激振力、受波浪載荷作用下船體的變形等均會(huì)導(dǎo)致不同程度的軸系各軸承的強(qiáng)制位移。研究了軸承油膜的剛度、阻尼、油膜力、軸承油膜等效軸承位移等動(dòng)力學(xué)特性。 （2）提出了大型船舶推進(jìn)軸系在縱向振動(dòng)、扭轉(zhuǎn)振動(dòng)、回旋振動(dòng)及耦合振動(dòng)下基于功率流理論的軸系能流分布的計(jì)算方法。根據(jù)功率流理論，分別給出了典型桿件在拉壓、扭轉(zhuǎn)和彎曲作用下的動(dòng)力學(xué)方程、本構(gòu)方程、位移-應(yīng)變關(guān)系、位移-速度關(guān)系、邊界條件等，推導(dǎo)了能流密度矢量關(guān)系式、能流位關(guān)系式與能量方程。結(jié)合鍵合圖理論，建立了8530TEU集裝箱船推進(jìn)軸系的鍵合圖模型�；谏鲜隼碚�，推導(dǎo)了不同邊界條件下軸系在縱向振動(dòng)、扭轉(zhuǎn)振動(dòng)、回旋振動(dòng)和耦合振動(dòng)下的功率流計(jì)算公式。 （3）建立了軸系在“船體-軸承-油膜-軸”耦合下的非線性簡(jiǎn)化物理模型及線性簡(jiǎn)化物理模型，分別推導(dǎo)了“船體-軸承-油膜-軸”耦合控制方程，并對(duì)該耦合模型的功率流傳遞特性進(jìn)行了分析。 （4）利用有限元方法建立了8530TEU集裝箱船軸系的有限元模型�；谟邢拊椒�，以8530TEU集裝箱船推進(jìn)軸系為例，研究了軸系在慣性載荷、螺旋槳激振力、軸承合理校中等條件下的軸系垂直位移分布、轉(zhuǎn)矩分布、應(yīng)力應(yīng)變分布、應(yīng)變能分布等能流分布特性及規(guī)律。 （5）開發(fā)了一種基于磁耦合共振技術(shù)的非接觸式無線感應(yīng)供電裝置，以實(shí)現(xiàn)軸系監(jiān)測(cè)裝置對(duì)能量信號(hào)的不停機(jī)連續(xù)在線監(jiān)測(cè)，從而獲得在船舶推進(jìn)軸系性能綜合試驗(yàn)平臺(tái)上及在實(shí)船測(cè)試中的數(shù)據(jù)可靠采集，提高船舶推進(jìn)軸系性能參數(shù)測(cè)試方法的精度。在船舶推進(jìn)軸系性能試驗(yàn)平臺(tái)上對(duì)無線感應(yīng)供電裝置、軸系軸功率進(jìn)行了測(cè)試。同時(shí)，在某船柴油機(jī)飛輪端軸系扭振、縱振進(jìn)行了測(cè)試并對(duì)測(cè)試數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行了分析。 綜上，本文結(jié)合功率流理論，對(duì)船舶推進(jìn)軸系的運(yùn)行特性和動(dòng)力響應(yīng)進(jìn)行分析，推導(dǎo)船舶推進(jìn)軸系各子系統(tǒng)耦合的功率流分布計(jì)算公式，從理論分析與有限元仿真的角度研究典型軸系宏觀功率分布與微觀功率流傳遞的能流分布特征，提出大型船舶推進(jìn)軸系能流分布狀態(tài)監(jiān)測(cè)理論，為大型船舶推進(jìn)軸系優(yōu)化設(shè)計(jì)、安裝、性能監(jiān)測(cè)與維護(hù)提供方法與技術(shù)支持，也為延長(zhǎng)船舶使用壽命而進(jìn)行的修理和保養(yǎng)提供合理依據(jù)。
[Abstract]:Marine power plant is a variety of energy production, transmission, consumption of the organic combination of all machinery and equipment and system, its main task is to provide energy for the ship, for normal navigation, ship operations, combat and other needs to provide propulsion and energy two times, as the heart of the ship. In recent years, large the number of ships, large proportion of the total share of world shipping more and more, the urgent need for the development of large-scale national marine economic development is not only the product technical support ship construction is basic theory frontier and advanced ship. The large ship propulsion shafting condition monitoring theory and method research is one of the most difficult problem has not yet been completely overcome, have a certain theoretical significance and practical value for the safe navigation of the ship. Through the study on energy flow distribution characteristics of large ship propulsion shafting power, real-time palm Hold the energy flow of ship propulsion shafting dynamic characteristic, power flow transmission technology status information, reveal the ship propulsion system dynamics, the classical vibration analysis and oil analysis, compared with the theory method, method based on power flow more easily explain the distribution and transmission mechanism of energy.
The main research work of this paper is on the propulsion shafting of large ships. The main research work is as follows:
(1) the operating characteristics and influencing factors of ship shafting are analyzed. Analyzed and summarized the formula of ship propulsion shafting propeller exciting force, the calculation method of diesel engine vibration force experience formula and theory, analyzed the influence of vibration force on the shafting. The propulsion shafting as the research object to the 8530TEU container ship, the change in characteristics under the rated speed of propeller rotation direction of the propeller bearing force is given. The effects of some factors on ship propulsion shafting bearing various vertical displacement. Pointed out that the shaft inertial load, initial alignment of shafting and propeller exciting force, the wave load of hull deformation will lead to different degrees of forced displacement of shafting each bearing. The bearing oil film stiffness, damping, oil film bearing oil film force, equivalent bearing displacement dynamic characteristics.
(2) the large ship propulsion shafting torsional vibration in longitudinal vibration, vibration and coupled vibration of shafting under the cyclotron theory of power flow calculation method based on the distribution of energy flow. According to the theory of power flow, which gives the typical rod in tension and compression, the dynamic equations of torsion and bending, the constitutive equation. The stress displacement relation, displacement velocity relationship, boundary condition, derived the energy flow density vector relation, a relation between energy flow and energy equations. Combining with the bond graph theory, established the 8530TEU container ship shafting bond graph model. Based on the above theory, deduced under different boundary conditions of shafting torsional vibration in the longitudinal vibration, calculation formula of power swing vibration and coupled vibration of the flow.
(3) a nonlinear simplified physical model and a linear simplified physical model of shafting under the coupling of hull bearing oil film axis are established. The coupled governing equations of hull bearing oil film shaft are deduced respectively, and the power flow transmission characteristics of the coupling model are analyzed.
(4) a finite element 8530TEU container ship shafting model using finite element method. Based on the finite element method, the 8530TEU container ship propulsion shafting as an example, studied the shafting in inertial loading, propeller exciting force, bearing under the condition of reasonable secondary school shafting vertical displacement, torque distribution, stress and strain distribution. The strain energy distribution of energy flow distribution characteristics and the law.
(5) developed a non-contact wireless inductive power supply device based on magnetic coupling resonance technology, to realize the shafting monitoring device for energy signal of non-stop online monitoring, resulting in ship propulsion shafting performance and comprehensive test platform in real ship test of reliable data acquisition, enhanced propulsion test method the performance parameters of the shafting precision. The performance of the propulsion test platform of shafting wireless inductive power supply device in ship shafting shaft power were tested. At the same time, in a ship diesel engine flywheel shafting torsional vibration, longitudinal vibration is tested and the test data are analyzed.
In summary, this paper combines the theory of power flow, operation characteristics and dynamic response analysis of shafting of ship propulsion, ship propulsion shafting derived power coupled subsystems flow distribution calculation formula, from the theoretical analysis and finite element simulation of typical macro and micro power distribution system power flow can flow distribution, put forward the large ship propulsion shafting energy distribution monitoring theory for large ship propulsion shafting design, installation, performance monitoring and maintenance methods and provide technical support, repair and maintenance to provide a reasonable basis for extending the service life of the ship.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：武漢理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：U664.21

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