【摘要】：隨著科學(xué)技術(shù)和經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展,工業(yè)制造及應(yīng)用中提出材料具有密度小、容易加工、力學(xué)性能優(yōu)良、耐化學(xué)腐蝕、電絕緣、成本低廉等優(yōu)良特性。聚合物材料由于其優(yōu)良的性能廣泛應(yīng)用于航空航天、國(guó)防、交通、化工、電子電氣等領(lǐng)域,但是聚合物材料導(dǎo)熱系數(shù)較低,限制了在與熱量輸運(yùn)有關(guān)領(lǐng)域的應(yīng)用,提高其導(dǎo)熱性并且保持其他特性成為了研究的熱點(diǎn)。本文以氮化鋁(Al N)和氮化硼(BN)為填料,以聚丙烯(PP)為基體,通過(guò)熔融共混的方法制備了導(dǎo)熱聚合物基復(fù)合材料。對(duì)于所制備的材料,從材料研究角度開(kāi)展熱學(xué)、力學(xué)等方面的性能測(cè)試并表征不同配方材料的微觀結(jié)構(gòu),從工程熱物理角度運(yùn)用導(dǎo)熱模型計(jì)算分析復(fù)合材料的導(dǎo)熱性能。通過(guò)這兩方面的工作,探索影響復(fù)合材料導(dǎo)熱性能的關(guān)鍵因素,為提高復(fù)合材料熱導(dǎo)率提供理論和實(shí)踐的參考。具體地,本文工作包括(1)以三種不同粒徑的AlN為填料、PP為基體,使用雙螺桿擠出機(jī)制備導(dǎo)熱復(fù)合材料,利用SEM、TGA、DSC、閃射法導(dǎo)熱儀等對(duì)制備的導(dǎo)熱復(fù)合材料進(jìn)行測(cè)試和表征,得到以下結(jié)論:復(fù)合材料的導(dǎo)熱系數(shù)大體上隨AlN含量增加而提高,選擇合適的填料顆粒大小有助于同時(shí)滿(mǎn)足材料制備以及熱導(dǎo)率提高的要求;(2)以AlN和BN為填料、PP為基體,制備混合填充的導(dǎo)熱復(fù)合材料并開(kāi)展測(cè)試和表征,得到以下結(jié)論:采用熔融共混方法可以使兩種填料均勻的分散在PP基體中,保持AlN的質(zhì)量分?jǐn)?shù)為30%,復(fù)合材料的導(dǎo)熱系數(shù)隨BN質(zhì)量分?jǐn)?shù)的增大而提高,并且明顯大于只有AlN填充的復(fù)合材料熱導(dǎo)率,說(shuō)明兩種填料混合填充對(duì)復(fù)合材料導(dǎo)熱性能的提升效果更明顯。(3)以聚多巴胺改性的BN為填料、PP為基體,熔融共混制備導(dǎo)熱復(fù)合材料并開(kāi)展測(cè)試和表征,得到以下結(jié)論:復(fù)合材料的導(dǎo)熱系數(shù)隨BN質(zhì)量分?jǐn)?shù)的增大而提高,表面改性的程度與復(fù)合材料導(dǎo)熱性能存在較為復(fù)雜的關(guān)系,過(guò)度的表面改性處理會(huì)導(dǎo)致復(fù)合材料的導(dǎo)熱系數(shù)越低,原因是聚多巴胺阻礙了熱量的傳遞。
[Abstract]:With the development of science and technology and economy, it is put forward that the materials have the advantages of low density, easy processing, excellent mechanical properties, chemical corrosion resistance, electrical insulation, low cost and so on. Polymer materials are widely used in aerospace, national defense, transportation, chemical industry, electronics and electrical fields because of their excellent properties, but the thermal conductivity of polymer materials is low, which limits their application in the fields related to heat transport. Improving its thermal conductivity and maintaining other properties has become a hot research topic. In this paper, thermal conductive polymer matrix composites were prepared by melt blending with aluminum nitride (Al N) and boron nitride (BN) as fillers and polypropylene (PP) as matrix. For the prepared materials, the thermal and mechanical properties of the materials were tested from the point of view of material research and the microstructure of different formula materials was characterized. The thermal conductivity of the composites was calculated and analyzed from the point of view of engineering thermophysics. Through these two aspects of work, the key factors affecting the thermal conductivity of composites are explored, which provides theoretical and practical reference for improving the thermal conductivity of composites. Specifically, the work of this paper includes: (1) using three kinds of AlN with different particle sizes as fillers and PP as matrix, the thermal conductivity composites were prepared by twin-screw extrusion mechanism, and the thermal conductivity composites were prepared by SEM,TGA,DSC,. The thermal conductivity of the composites was measured and characterized by flash thermal conductivity meter, and the following conclusions were obtained: the thermal conductivity of the composites increased with the increase of AlN content. The selection of appropriate packing particle size is helpful to meet the requirements of material preparation and thermal conductivity improvement at the same time. (2) using AlN and BN as fillers and PP as matrix, the heat conduction composites filled with mixed fillers were prepared and characterized. The following conclusions are obtained: the two fillers can be uniformly dispersed in PP matrix by melt blending method. When the mass fraction of AlN is 30%, the thermal conductivity of the composites increases with the increase of the mass fraction of BN, and is obviously larger than that of the composites filled with AlN. The results show that the mixed filling of the two fillers has more obvious effect on improving the thermal conductivity of the composites. (3) the thermal conductivity composites were prepared by melt blending with polydopamine modified BN as fillers and PP as matrix, and the thermal conductivity composites were tested and characterized. The following conclusions are obtained: the thermal conductivity of the composites increases with the increase of the mass fraction of BN, and there is a complex relationship between the degree of surface modification and the thermal conductivity of the composites. Excessive surface modification will lead to the lower the thermal conductivity of the composites, because polydopamine hinders the heat transfer.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華北電力大學(xué)(北京)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：TB332

【參考文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前5條

1 周文英;張亞婷;;本征型導(dǎo)熱高分子材料[J];合成樹(shù)脂及塑料;2010年02期

2 赫Q_;徐旭;饒保林;;環(huán)氧樹(shù)脂固化物結(jié)構(gòu)與熱傳導(dǎo)性能的關(guān)系[J];絕緣材料;2009年02期

3 梁基照;劉冠生;;無(wú)機(jī)粒子填充聚合物復(fù)合材料傳熱模型及有限元模擬[J];特種橡膠制品;2006年05期

4 王春芬,虞斌,涂善東;聚四氟乙烯及其改性復(fù)合材料在換熱器中應(yīng)用[J];石油化工設(shè)備;2005年03期

5 楊坤民,陳福林,岑蘭,周彥豪;導(dǎo)熱橡膠的研究進(jìn)展[J];橡膠工業(yè);2005年02期

相關(guān)博士學(xué)位論文 前4條

1 虞錦洪;高導(dǎo)熱聚合物基復(fù)合材料的制備與性能研究[D];上海交通大學(xué);2012年

2 孫愛(ài)芳;導(dǎo)熱復(fù)合材料緊湊型板殼式換熱器關(guān)鍵技術(shù)研究[D];鄭州大學(xué);2007年

3 周文英;高導(dǎo)熱絕緣高分子復(fù)合材料研究[D];西北工業(yè)大學(xué);2007年

4 王家俊;聚酰亞胺/氮化鋁復(fù)合材料的制備與性能研究[D];浙江大學(xué);2001年

，

本文編號(hào)：2496696