【摘要】：21世紀(jì)以來,功能性材料以其特有的性質(zhì)吸引了廣泛的關(guān)注。本論文主要研究制備了羥基磷灰石(HA)、磁性羥基磷灰石復(fù)合材料(Fe2O3@HA)和金屬有機骨架復(fù)合磁性材料(Au-Fe3O4@Tb-BTC),以及其在離子吸附,載藥和熒光傳感等方面的應(yīng)用研究,主要研究內(nèi)容如下：采用水熱法成功制備了羥基磷灰石納米棒、花狀和球形羥基磷灰石聚集體。同時,考察了其作為離子吸附載體材料,對幾種重金屬離子(Pb2+, Cu2+, Mn2+,Zn2+)的吸附性能。首先,考察了羥基磷灰石的濃度,吸附時間,重金屬離子的類型和羥基磷灰石的結(jié)構(gòu)與形貌等因素對重金屬離子吸附量的影響情況。在這些多因素研究基礎(chǔ)上,確定了最佳的離子吸附條件。進一步,以對Pb2+離子的吸附實驗為載體,借助XRD、SEM、ICP-AES、FT-IR和Raman光譜等系列分析檢測手段對,深入考察了羥基磷灰石的吸附機理。分析結(jié)果揭示,羥基磷灰石對重金屬離子的吸附主要受其比表面積和離子交換產(chǎn)生的共沉淀的影響較為顯著,為進一步探求具有更強吸附能力的環(huán)保型吸附載體材料提供了些許參考。利用微波水熱法合成了納米級別的、排列比較規(guī)則的金屬有機框架材料MIL-53(Fe),對制備的MIL-53(Fe)材料通過水熱法進行羥基磷灰石包裹。然后,把這種HA@MIL-53(Fe)復(fù)合材料進行煅燒,使其形成磁性的多孔核殼材料。通過X-射線衍射,掃描電鏡和透射電鏡對復(fù)合材料的結(jié)構(gòu)和形貌進行檢測。最后,將該材料對布洛芬進行載藥和緩釋實驗,并對實驗數(shù)據(jù)進行分析,來研究該材料對布洛芬的載藥性能和緩釋性能。結(jié)果顯示,此載體材料不僅具有一定的磁性良好的載藥和緩釋性能,載藥量達到25.6%。120小時后,藥物布洛芬的釋放量達到89.8%。結(jié)果表明所合成的樣品有望應(yīng)用在藥物載體領(lǐng)域。通過層層自組裝的方法制備了一種以Tb-BTC為殼的多功能磁性微球Au@Fe3O4@Tb-BTC。采用X-射線衍射,掃描電鏡和透射電鏡對這種多功能磁性核殼微球進行結(jié)構(gòu)和形貌表征,發(fā)現(xiàn)Au@Fe3O4確實包裹在以Tb-BTC為殼的里面。通過這種方法使得這種材料同時具備了磁性和良好的熒光性質(zhì),那我們就利用這種材料的磁性核熒光性質(zhì)對硝基苯(NB),鄰硝基甲苯(2-NT),對硝基甲苯(4-NT),2,4-二硝基甲苯(2,4-DNT),2,6-二硝基甲苯(2,6-DNT),2,4,6-三硝基酚(PA)和2,4,6-三硝基甲苯這7中硝基化合物的熒光傳感進行研究,發(fā)現(xiàn)這種材料對NB,4-NT,2-NT,2,6-DNT, PA,2,4-DNT, TNT的Ksv分別是9490M-1,10439M-1,13372M-1,39177M-1,50866M-1,60244M-1,148431 M-1.樣品對硝基芳烴化合物的熒光猝滅效率為TNT2,4-DNTPA2,6-DNT2-NT4-NTNB,可能是由于這種材料對硝基芳烴化合物的熒光猝滅效率與硝基芳烴化合物的硝基數(shù)目有關(guān),并且利用循環(huán)實驗驗證了該種材料能夠循環(huán)使用來降低不必要的污染。
[Abstract]:Since the 21 st century, functional materials have attracted extensive attention because of their unique properties. In this paper, hydroxyapatite (HA), magnetic hydroxyapatite composites (Fe2O3@HA) and organometallic skeleton composite magnetic materials (Au-Fe3O4@Tb-BTC) were prepared and their ion adsorption was studied. The main research contents are as follows: hydroxyapatite nanorods, floral and spherical hydroxyapatite aggregates were successfully prepared by hydrothermal method. At the same time, the adsorption properties of several heavy metal ions (Pb2, Cu2, Mn2, Zn2) as ion adsorption carrier materials were investigated. Firstly, the effects of hydroxyapatite concentration, adsorption time, the type of heavy metal ions and the structure and morphology of hydroxyapatite on the adsorption capacity of heavy metal ions were investigated. On the basis of these multi-factor studies, the optimum ion adsorption conditions were determined. Furthermore, the adsorption mechanism of hydroxyapatite was investigated by a series of analysis and detection methods, such as XRD,SEM,ICP-AES,FT-IR and Raman spectra, on the basis of the adsorption experiment of Pb2 ions. The results show that the adsorption of heavy metal ions by hydroxyapatite is mainly affected by the specific surface area and coprecipitation produced by ion exchange. It provides some reference for further exploration of environmentally friendly adsorption carrier materials with stronger adsorption capacity. Nanometer and regular organometallic frame material MIL-53 (Fe), was synthesized by microwave hydrothermal method. The prepared MIL-53 (Fe) material was coated with hydroxyapatite by hydrothermal method. Then, the HA@MIL-53 (Fe) composites were calcined to form magnetic porous core-shell materials. The structure and morphology of the composites were detected by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscope and transmission electron microscope. Finally, the drug loading and sustained release experiments of ibuprofen were carried out, and the experimental data were analyzed to study the drug loading and sustained release properties of ibuprofen. The results showed that the carrier material not only had good magnetic drug loading and sustained release performance, but also reached 25.6%. After 120 hours, the drug release rate of ibuprofen reached 88.8%. The results show that the synthesized samples are expected to be used in the field of drug carriers. A multifunctional magnetic microspheres Au@Fe3O4@Tb-BTC. with Tb-BTC as shell was prepared by layer self-assembly. The structure and morphology of the multifunctional magnetic core-shell microspheres were characterized by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscope and transmission electron microscope. It was found that Au@Fe3O4 was indeed wrapped in the shell of Tb-BTC. By this method, the material has both magnetic and good fluorescence properties, so we use the magnetic nuclear fluorescence properties of this material, p-nitrobenzene (NB), o-nitrotoluene (2-NT), p-nitrotoluene (4-NT). The fluorescence sensing of nitro compounds in 2,4 dinitrotoluene (2,4 DNT), 2,6 dinitrotoluene (2,6 DNT), 2,4,6 trinitrophenol (PA) and 2,4,6 trinitrotoluene was studied. It was found that this material could be used for NB,. The Ksv of 4 NT, 2, 6 DNT and PA,2,4-DNT, TNT are 9490M, 10439m, 13372M, 39177M, 50866M, 60244M, 14843M, respectively, which are 9490m, 10439m, 13372m, 39177m, 50866m, 60244m, 148431, respectively. The fluorescence quenching efficiency of the sample to nitroaromatic compounds is TNT2,4-DNTPA2,6-DNT2-NT4-NTNB, which may be due to the fact that the fluorescence quenching efficiency of nitroaromatic compounds is related to the number of nitro groups of nitroaromatic compounds. The recycling experiments show that the material can be recycled to reduce unnecessary pollution.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：安徽大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：TB34

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