皮粉基高分子復(fù)合材料的制備及其性能研究
發(fā)布時間：2019-05-30 06:19
【摘要】：聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯等以石油為原料的通用合成樹脂由于具有良好的加工性能和耐久性等性質(zhì)，所以用于家電制品、汽車部件、建筑材料以及食品包裝等各種領(lǐng)域中，它們在人們的生活中不可缺少的材料之一。但是，隨著化石資源的開采，這些不可再生資源日益減少和環(huán)境問題日益受到公眾重視。因此必須找到其他可以代替合成樹脂的材料。但是，這些合成樹脂制品在用完扔棄的階段，其良好的耐久性成為缺點，在自然界中的降解性差，所以對生態(tài)系統(tǒng)會造成不利的影響。因此開發(fā)推廣生物降解材料和高價值利用生物資源，成為當代經(jīng)濟和社會發(fā)展的重大研究課題和方向。 本論文選擇了廢棄的皮粉（SLFs），采取機械共混的方法，制備了一系列熱固性樹脂（環(huán)氧樹脂，EP）和熱塑性樹脂（聚丙烯，PP）高分子復(fù)合材料。利用傅里葉紅外光譜(FT-IR)、差示掃描量熱儀(DSC)、掃描電鏡(SEM）、熱重分析儀(TGA)、萬能拉力實驗機、懸臂梁沖擊試驗機等測試手段對皮粉基高分子復(fù)合材料進行了微觀結(jié)構(gòu)、固化行為、固化動力學、結(jié)晶行為、結(jié)晶動力學、熱穩(wěn)定性和力學性能進行了研究和表征。通過研究復(fù)合材料的微觀結(jié)構(gòu)與宏觀性能之間的關(guān)系，得出如下結(jié)論： 1. EP/OMMTs/SLFs復(fù)合材料 1）有機蒙托土(OMMTs)和SLFs的加入能夠促進環(huán)氧樹脂的固化反應(yīng)。 2）EP/OMMTs/SLFs復(fù)合材料的宏觀性能強烈地依賴于填料的用量、組成、分散等。 3）根據(jù)Flynn-Wall-Ozawa方法，EP的活化能隨著反應(yīng)轉(zhuǎn)化率的增長而先升高后降低。 4）SLFs對EP有增韌作用，，隨著SLFs含量的升高，EP/OMMTs/SLFs復(fù)合材料的交聯(lián)密度和玻璃化轉(zhuǎn)變溫度均逐漸降低，而沖擊強度逐漸升高。 2.PP/SLFs復(fù)合材料 1）PE-g-MAH與SLFs之間存在著化學反應(yīng)，有利于SLFs在PP基體中的分散，改善了PP/SLFs復(fù)合材料的力學性能。 2）復(fù)合材料的力學性能與SLFs的用量和SLFs在PP基體中的分散狀態(tài)有關(guān)。 3）SLFs在PP體系中可以作為異象形核劑來促進PP的結(jié)晶。
[Abstract]:Polyethylene, polypropylene, polystyrene and other petroleum-based synthetic resins are used in household appliances, automotive parts, building materials, food packaging and other fields because of their good processing properties and durability. They are one of the indispensable materials in people's lives. However, with the exploitation of fossil resources, these non-renewable resources are decreasing day by day and environmental problems are paid more and more attention by the public. Therefore, it is necessary to find other materials that can replace synthetic resins. However, when these synthetic resin products are used up, their good durability becomes a disadvantage, and their degradability in nature is poor, so it will have a negative impact on the ecosystem. Therefore, the development and promotion of biodegradable materials and the high value utilization of biological resources have become an important research topic and direction of contemporary economic and social development. In this paper, a series of thermosetting resins (epoxy resin, EP) and thermoplastic resin (polypropylene, PP) polymer composites) were prepared by mechanical blending of waste leather powder (SLFs),. Using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), differential scanning Calorimeter (DSC), scanning electron microscope (SEM), thermogravimetric analyzer (TGA), universal tension tester, The microstructure, curing behavior, curing kinetics, crystallization behavior, crystallization kinetics, thermal stability and mechanical properties of skin powder based polymer composites were studied and characterized by cantilever impact testing machine. By studying the relationship between the microstructure and macroscopic properties of the composites, the following conclusions are drawn: 1. EP/OMMTs/SLFs composite 1) the addition of organic montmorillonite (OMMTs) and SLFs can promote the curing reaction of epoxy resin. 2) the macroscopic properties of EP/OMMTs/SLFs composites depend strongly on the amount, composition and dispersion of fillers. 3) according to Flynn-Wall-Ozawa method, the activation energy of EP increased at first and then decreased with the increase of reaction conversion. 4) SLFs can toughen EP. With the increase of SLFs content, the cross-linking density and glass transition temperature of EP/OMMTs/SLFs composites decrease gradually, but the impact strength increases gradually. 2.PP/SLFs composite 1) there is a chemical reaction between PE-g-MAH and SLFs, which is beneficial to the dispersion of SLFs in PP matrix and improves the mechanical properties of PP/SLFs composites. 2) the mechanical properties of the composites are related to the amount of SLFs and the dispersion of SLFs in PP matrix. 3) SLFs can be used as heteromorphological nucleating agent in PP system to promote the crystallization of PP.
【學位授予單位】：太原理工大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：O631.3;TB33
本文編號：2488598
[Abstract]:Polyethylene, polypropylene, polystyrene and other petroleum-based synthetic resins are used in household appliances, automotive parts, building materials, food packaging and other fields because of their good processing properties and durability. They are one of the indispensable materials in people's lives. However, with the exploitation of fossil resources, these non-renewable resources are decreasing day by day and environmental problems are paid more and more attention by the public. Therefore, it is necessary to find other materials that can replace synthetic resins. However, when these synthetic resin products are used up, their good durability becomes a disadvantage, and their degradability in nature is poor, so it will have a negative impact on the ecosystem. Therefore, the development and promotion of biodegradable materials and the high value utilization of biological resources have become an important research topic and direction of contemporary economic and social development. In this paper, a series of thermosetting resins (epoxy resin, EP) and thermoplastic resin (polypropylene, PP) polymer composites) were prepared by mechanical blending of waste leather powder (SLFs),. Using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), differential scanning Calorimeter (DSC), scanning electron microscope (SEM), thermogravimetric analyzer (TGA), universal tension tester, The microstructure, curing behavior, curing kinetics, crystallization behavior, crystallization kinetics, thermal stability and mechanical properties of skin powder based polymer composites were studied and characterized by cantilever impact testing machine. By studying the relationship between the microstructure and macroscopic properties of the composites, the following conclusions are drawn: 1. EP/OMMTs/SLFs composite 1) the addition of organic montmorillonite (OMMTs) and SLFs can promote the curing reaction of epoxy resin. 2) the macroscopic properties of EP/OMMTs/SLFs composites depend strongly on the amount, composition and dispersion of fillers. 3) according to Flynn-Wall-Ozawa method, the activation energy of EP increased at first and then decreased with the increase of reaction conversion. 4) SLFs can toughen EP. With the increase of SLFs content, the cross-linking density and glass transition temperature of EP/OMMTs/SLFs composites decrease gradually, but the impact strength increases gradually. 2.PP/SLFs composite 1) there is a chemical reaction between PE-g-MAH and SLFs, which is beneficial to the dispersion of SLFs in PP matrix and improves the mechanical properties of PP/SLFs composites. 2) the mechanical properties of the composites are related to the amount of SLFs and the dispersion of SLFs in PP matrix. 3) SLFs can be used as heteromorphological nucleating agent in PP system to promote the crystallization of PP.
【學位授予單位】：太原理工大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：O631.3;TB33
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