硅化鐵(錳)納米材料的制備、表征及形成機理
發(fā)布時間:2019-01-27 23:03
【摘要】:過渡金屬硅化物,是一類難熔的金屬間化合物,因其獨特的物理和化學性質(zhì)而被成功應(yīng)用于互補金屬氧化物半導(dǎo)體元件、薄膜涂層、塊體結(jié)構(gòu)組件、電熱元件、熱電材料和光伏材料等領(lǐng)域。其納米材料更是表現(xiàn)出特別的電學、光學、磁學和熱電等性能,甚至在催化領(lǐng)域也具有潛在的應(yīng)用價值。然而,冶金方法或物理方法等傳統(tǒng)的制備方法無法滿足過渡金屬硅化物納米材料的制備。因此,尋找簡單可控而普遍適用的制備方法對于過渡金屬硅化物納米材料的廣泛應(yīng)用具有十分重要的意義;谝陨夏康,本論文分別采用金屬有機化學氣相沉積(MOCVD)法、熱解法和球磨法,制備二氧化硅負載的硅化鐵和硅化錳納米材料以及硅化鐵和三氧化二鋁納米復(fù)合材料,并對其形成機理和磁學性能進行了研究。本論文的主要研究內(nèi)容和結(jié)果如下: (1)以金屬有機化合物Fe(CO)4(SiCl3)2為單源前體、以二氧化硅為載體,采用MOCVD法在400℃和常壓下制備得到了二氧化硅負載的FeSi納米粒子。以Fe3(CO)12和SiHCl3為原料,在無水無氧的條件下合成了以反式結(jié)構(gòu)為主的Fe(CO)4(SiCl3)2。表征結(jié)果顯示,所得FeSi納米粒子的相態(tài)單一,平均粒徑約為10.8nm。推測得到了MOCVD過程中FeSi納米粒子的形成機理:吸附在二氧化硅載體上的Fe(CO)4(SiCl3)2分子優(yōu)先丟失一個SiCl4分子生成Fe=SiCl2(CO)4,然后在氫氣的促進作用下,先后脫除羰基基團、斷裂Si-Cl鍵,最終形成二氧化硅負載的FeSi. (2)以金屬有機化合物Mn(CO)5(SiCl3)為單源前體、以二氧化硅為載體,采用MOCVD法在400℃和常壓下制備得到了二氧化硅負載的MnSi納米粒子。以Mn2(CO)10和SiHCl3為原料,在無水無氧的條件下合成了Mn(CO)5(SiCl3)。表征結(jié)果顯示,所得MnSi納米粒子的尺寸約為5-6nm,且均勻分散在二氧化硅載體上。利用原位FTIR分析推測得到了MnSi納米粒子的形成機理:吸附在二氧化硅載體上的Mn(CO)5(SiCl3)分子在氫氣的促進作用下,先后脫除羰基基團、斷裂Si-Cl鍵,最終形成二氧化硅負載的MnSi。 (3)以聚二甲基硅烷為硅源、二茂鐵為鐵源,采用熱解法制備得到了二氧化硅負載的Fe3Si納米粒子。表征結(jié)果顯示,600℃下熱解所得的Fe3Si納米粒子的平均粒徑約為7.6nm,且高度分散在二氧化硅上;隨著熱解溫度升高至800℃,所得納米粒子的平均粒徑增大至16.2nm,同時有新相Fe5Si3生成;所得納米粒子暴露在空氣中其表面形成一薄層Fe203和SiOx氧化層。57Fe穆斯堡爾譜圖、M-H曲線以及FC和ZFC曲線表明熱解所得的硅化鐵納米粒子在室溫下表現(xiàn)出超順磁性,在低溫下表現(xiàn)出鐵磁性。特別地,硅化鐵納米粒子尺寸的減小對其飽和磁化強度、居里溫度和阻擋溫度等磁學性能產(chǎn)生明顯的影響。 (4)以四氧化三鐵、硅粉和鋁粉為原料,采用球磨法并結(jié)合氫氣氣氛高溫處理制備得到了Fe3Si-Al2O3納米復(fù)合材料。表征結(jié)果顯示,隨著原料中硅粉比例的增加,所得納米粒子的晶相發(fā)生由Fe到Fe3Si再到Fe3Si、FeSi和Fe5Si3混合相的轉(zhuǎn)變,其中較小粒子的平均粒徑約為20nm,由于高溫團聚作用,較大粒子的平均粒徑約為60nm,而且所得納米粒子的表面存在少量無定形的硅和二氧化硅。磁滯回線表明不同硅粉比例下所得的鐵和硅化鐵納米復(fù)合材料在室溫下表現(xiàn)出鐵磁性。
[Abstract]:The transition metal silicide is a kind of refractory intermetallic compound, which is successfully used in the fields of complementary metal oxide semiconductor element, thin film coating, bulk structural component, electric heating element, thermoelectric material and photovoltaic material due to its unique physical and chemical properties. The nano material also has the characteristics of special electrical, optical, magnetic and pyroelectric properties, and has potential application value even in the catalysis field. However, the conventional preparation method of the metallurgical method or the physical method cannot meet the preparation of the transition metal silicide nano material. Therefore, it is of great significance for the wide application of transition metal silicide nano-materials to find a simple and controllable preparation method. Based on the above objects, the present paper adopts the metal organic chemical vapor deposition (MOCVD) method, the thermal solution and the ball-milling method to prepare the silicon-based iron and the silicon-silicide nano-material with the silicon dioxide loading, and the silicon-based iron and the aluminum oxide nano-composite material. The formation mechanism and magnetic properties were studied. The main contents and results of this paper are as follows: (1) The Fe (CO) 4 (SiCl3) 2 as a single-source precursor was used as the carrier, and the FeSi nanoparticles loaded with silicon dioxide were prepared by the MOCVD method at 400 鈩,
本文編號:2416788
[Abstract]:The transition metal silicide is a kind of refractory intermetallic compound, which is successfully used in the fields of complementary metal oxide semiconductor element, thin film coating, bulk structural component, electric heating element, thermoelectric material and photovoltaic material due to its unique physical and chemical properties. The nano material also has the characteristics of special electrical, optical, magnetic and pyroelectric properties, and has potential application value even in the catalysis field. However, the conventional preparation method of the metallurgical method or the physical method cannot meet the preparation of the transition metal silicide nano material. Therefore, it is of great significance for the wide application of transition metal silicide nano-materials to find a simple and controllable preparation method. Based on the above objects, the present paper adopts the metal organic chemical vapor deposition (MOCVD) method, the thermal solution and the ball-milling method to prepare the silicon-based iron and the silicon-silicide nano-material with the silicon dioxide loading, and the silicon-based iron and the aluminum oxide nano-composite material. The formation mechanism and magnetic properties were studied. The main contents and results of this paper are as follows: (1) The Fe (CO) 4 (SiCl3) 2 as a single-source precursor was used as the carrier, and the FeSi nanoparticles loaded with silicon dioxide were prepared by the MOCVD method at 400 鈩,
本文編號:2416788
本文鏈接:http://sikaile.net/kejilunwen/cailiaohuaxuelunwen/2416788.html
最近更新
教材專著