發(fā)布時間：2019-01-27 20:25

【摘要】：聚丁烯-1的耐熱、耐應(yīng)力開裂性能突出,成型加工簡單,國內(nèi)80%以上的聚丁烯-1產(chǎn)品用于管道材料領(lǐng)域,在其它領(lǐng)域的應(yīng)用較少。目前我國聚丁烯-1產(chǎn)品性能差、利用率較低導(dǎo)致資源浪費(fèi)嚴(yán)重,因此研究聚丁烯-1改性及應(yīng)用具有重要的現(xiàn)實(shí)意義。為開發(fā)聚丁烯-1在導(dǎo)電方面的應(yīng)用,拓寬使用范圍,使用炭黑對其導(dǎo)電性能進(jìn)行調(diào)控。為改善國產(chǎn)聚丁烯-1力學(xué)性能,使用碳酸鈣對其進(jìn)行力學(xué)調(diào)控,提高材料的強(qiáng)度及韌性。硅藻土主要作為助濾劑使用,為開發(fā)硅藻土在聚烯烴領(lǐng)域的實(shí)用價值,選用聚丁烯-1作為基體制備復(fù)合材料并研究其性能,以期拓展硅藻土在不同領(lǐng)域的應(yīng)用。通過研究炭黑對聚丁烯-1/炭黑復(fù)合材料的導(dǎo)電性能及力學(xué)性能的影響發(fā)現(xiàn),采用超導(dǎo)炭黑B與高導(dǎo)炭黑VXC68以2：6的質(zhì)量比配制的復(fù)配炭黑體系以8 wt%含量加入到聚丁烯-1中,其復(fù)合材料的體積電阻率降至28.5 fl-cm,拉伸強(qiáng)度26.7 MPa,斷裂伸長率213.0%,已達(dá)常用電纜屏蔽層材料的指標(biāo)要求。為提高聚丁烯-1的強(qiáng)度及韌性,使用碳酸鈣對聚丁烯-1進(jìn)行力學(xué)性能調(diào)控。通過未改性碳酸鈣與改性碳酸鈣填充聚丁烯-1后的力學(xué)性能對比發(fā)現(xiàn),鋁酸酯偶聯(lián)劑以1.5 wt%含量改性2#碳酸鈣的親油性最好,當(dāng)以1Owt%填充聚丁烯-1時復(fù)合材料的力學(xué)性能最佳,缺口沖擊強(qiáng)度比未改性碳酸鈣填充時提高了47.2%,比純聚丁烯-1提高了56.9%,同時復(fù)合材料仍保持了聚丁烯-1良好的加工流動性能。為開發(fā)硅藻土黑土及白土在聚烯烴領(lǐng)域的應(yīng)用制備了聚丁烯-1/硅藻土復(fù)合材料,通過對比復(fù)合材料的力學(xué)性能及熱穩(wěn)定性能發(fā)現(xiàn),當(dāng)硅藻土為30 wt%時,黑土制備復(fù)合材料的彎曲模量為1096.8 MPa,較未填充時提高135.6%,對聚丁烯-1的增強(qiáng)效果更好。當(dāng)硅藻土填充量為15 wt%時,白土制備復(fù)合材料的初始熱分解溫度提高51℃,熱穩(wěn)定性能明顯優(yōu)于黑土制備復(fù)合材料。
[Abstract]:Poly (butylene 1) has excellent heat resistance, stress cracking resistance, simple forming and processing. More than 80% of polybutene 1 products are used in pipeline material field, but few in other fields. At present, the poor performance and low utilization ratio of polybutene-1 products in China lead to serious waste of resources, so it is of great practical significance to study the modification and application of polybutene-1. In order to develop the application of polybutene 1 in electric conduction and widen the range of application, carbon black is used to control its electrical conductivity. In order to improve the mechanical properties of polybutene-1 made in China, calcium carbonate was used to improve the strength and toughness of the material. Diatomite is mainly used as filter aid. In order to develop the practical value of diatomite in polyolefin field, polybutene-1 is selected as matrix to prepare composite material and its properties are studied, in order to expand the application of diatomite in different fields. The effects of carbon black on the electrical and mechanical properties of polybutene-1 / carbon black composites were studied. The composite carbon black system prepared by superconducting carbon black B and high conductivity carbon black VXC68 at 2:6 mass ratio was added to polybutene 1 with 8 wt% content. The volume resistivity of the composites decreased to 28.5 fl-cm, tensile strength 26.7 MPa,. The elongation at break of 213.0 has reached the requirements of common cable shielding material. In order to improve the strength and toughness of polybutene 1, the mechanical properties of polybutene 1 were regulated by calcium carbonate. By comparing the mechanical properties of unmodified calcium carbonate and modified calcium carbonate filled with polybutene 1, it was found that the acidophilic property of calcium carbonate modified with 1. 5 wt% of aluminate coupling agent was the best. The mechanical properties of the composites filled with 1Owt% polybutene 1 were the best, the notched impact strength was 47.2% higher than that of unmodified calcium carbonate, and 56.9% higher than that of pure polybutene 1. At the same time, the composites still maintain good processing fluidity of polybutene-1. Polybutene-1 / diatomite composites were prepared in order to develop the application of diatomite black soil and clay in polyolefin field. By comparing the mechanical properties and thermal stability of the composites, it was found that when the diatomite was 30 wt%, The flexural modulus of composite prepared by black soil is 1096.8 MPa, higher than that of unfilled composite, and the reinforcing effect of polybutene 1 is better than that of unfilled composite. When the content of diatomite was 15 wt%, the initial thermal decomposition temperature of the composite was increased by 51 鈩，

本文編號：2416665