不同形貌的二氧化鈦微球的制備及光催化性能的研究
[Abstract]:Because of the application of titanium dioxide in solar energy conversion, photocatalysis, water purification, anode of lithium ion battery and so on, scientists have paid more and more attention to it. In order to meet different application requirements, it is necessary to synthesize TiO2 nanomaterials with different morphologies, sizes and phases. Usually, the synthesis of TiO2 nanomaterials satisfying the above conditions requires multi-step reaction or higher experimental conditions, but rarely in one step. In this paper, TiO2 nanocrystalline was synthesized by next step solvothermal method at low temperature. By adjusting the experimental conditions, a series of morphologies of TiO2 nanocrystals were synthesized. The crystal forms of TiO2 nanocrystals were rutile and anatase / rutile mixed crystal. The main morphologies are as follows: one-dimensional nanowire, cluster-shaped microspheres, sea urchin-shaped microspheres and flower-like microspheres. The structure, morphology and properties were characterized by XRD, SEM, DSC and TG, and the photocatalytic properties were tested. On this basis, doped TIO _ 2 microspheres were prepared by adding Sn2 and Zn2 ions to Ti02. The structure, morphology and properties of the samples were characterized by XRD, SEM, TEM, XPS, BET, DSC and TG. The composition of the reactants, the proportion of the reactants and the experimental conditions were adjusted. The most suitable reaction conditions were explored, and various morphologies of TiO2 nanomaterials were successfully prepared, and photocatalytic tests were also carried out. The main results are as follows: 1. The structure, morphology, thermal stability and photocatalytic properties of TiO2 microspheres were characterized by the next step solvothermal method at low temperature. The results showed that the total adsorption capacity was 5g after the adsorption equilibrium reached 0.5 h in dark conditions. Under the irradiation of ultraviolet lamp, the photocatalytic degradation rate was 40. 2 after 1.5 h photocatalytic degradation. On the basis of the above work, TiO2 microspheres were modified with metal cations. When the doped modified ion is Sn2, the different sizes of sea urchin microspheres can be successfully prepared by adjusting the composition of reactants and the experimental conditions of the reaction, and the phase composition is rutile type TiO2,. When the adsorption equilibrium was reached at 0.5 h in the dark condition, the total adsorption capacity was 5. Under ultraviolet lamp irradiation, the photocatalytic degradation was 1.5 hours later, the degradation amount was 90%. When adjusting the proportion of reactants in the experiment, the TiO2 nanostructures with different morphologies can be prepared successfully. The photocatalytic degradation of methyl orange can be carried out under ultraviolet light. It is found that when the phase composition is anatase / rutile mixed crystal, it has the best photocatalytic performance. When the adsorption equilibrium was reached at 0. 5 h in dark condition, the total adsorption capacity was 8. Under ultraviolet lamp irradiation, the photocatalytic degradation rate was 98% after 5 min photocatalytic degradation. The main effect is attributed to the composition of crystal form and larger specific surface area. 3. 3. When the modified ion is Zn2, the effects of time, temperature, anion of hydrochloric acid, Zn2 salt and slow release agent on the experimental conditions were studied. Zn2 doped Ti02 microspheres with different morphologies were prepared. When the adsorption equilibrium was reached at 0.5 h in dark conditions, the total adsorption capacity was 10. Under ultraviolet lamp irradiation, the photocatalytic degradation was 90% after 60 min photocatalytic degradation. The effects of different ion doping on the morphology and properties of TiO2 microspheres were studied. The results show that the effect of metal ions modification on the morphology of TiO2 microspheres is mainly due to the different spiny structure on the surface of the microspheres. Sn2 doped microspheres have the best photocatalytic performance. The above research contents will provide the necessary experimental and theoretical basis for the further preparation of more suitable TiO2 nanomaterials in the future.
【學(xué)位授予單位】:蘭州大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】:碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】:2015
【分類號(hào)】:O614.411;TB383.1
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