【摘要】：聚硅氧烷納米顆粒具有良好的耐熱性、耐候性、生理惰性和疏水性等優(yōu)良特性,在很多領(lǐng)域被廣泛應(yīng)用。本研究以烷氧基硅烷作為前驅(qū)體,在醇或水體系,催化劑的作用下,通過溶膠-凝膠法和乳液法制備聚硅氧烷納米顆粒,并將其負(fù)載于棉織物表面,制備超疏水棉織物。向體系中引入γ-(2,3環(huán)氧丙氧)丙基三甲氧基硅烷(GPTMS),制備環(huán)氧基化的聚硅氧烷納米顆粒。利用環(huán)氧基和基材表面羥基共價(jià)結(jié)合,提高超疏水表面的疏水耐久性�；诖�,本課題主要開展以下兩方面工作:(1)以甲基三甲氧基硅烷(MTMS)、丙基三甲氧基硅烷(PTMS)、GPTMS為前驅(qū)體,異丙醇為溶劑,通過溶膠-凝膠法制備聚丙基甲基環(huán)氧基硅氧烷(PPMGSQ)溶膠。向PPMGSQ溶膠中加入非溶劑水,獲得相分離的PPMGSQ溶膠。通過浸-烘將其負(fù)載于棉織物,制備具有一定疏水耐久性的超疏水棉織物。采用掃描電子顯微鏡觀察棉織物的表面形貌,視頻光學(xué)接觸角測(cè)量?jī)x檢測(cè)棉織物的潤(rùn)濕性能;探索前驅(qū)體用量對(duì)棉織物疏水性的影響規(guī)律;研究加水引發(fā)相分離的PPMGSQ溶膠對(duì)負(fù)載后棉織物表面形貌的變化規(guī)律;通過摩擦、洗滌考察超疏水棉織物的疏水穩(wěn)定性,建立具有較好耐用性的PPMGSQ相分離溶膠處理棉織物的制備方法。結(jié)果表明,向PPMGSQ溶膠中加入適量的水,獲得穩(wěn)定的相分離PPMGSQ溶膠,處理的棉織物接觸角高達(dá)161°。經(jīng)過800次機(jī)械摩擦和10次家庭洗滌后,棉織物的接觸角降低到141°和145°,具有一定的疏水耐摩擦性和耐洗滌性。(2)以PTMS為前驅(qū)體,十六烷基三甲氧基硅烷(HDTMS)和GPTMS為改性劑,通過水體系乳液法制備聚丙基十六烷基環(huán)氧基硅氧烷(PPHGSQ)納米顆粒。考查攪拌速度,表面活性劑用量、氨水用量和改性劑用量對(duì)乳液穩(wěn)定性以及聚硅氧烷納米顆粒粒徑的影響。采用浸軋方式將聚硅氧烷納米顆粒負(fù)載于棉織物表面,獲得具有良好超疏水性的棉織物。通過掃描電子顯微鏡觀察棉織物的表面形貌,并對(duì)纖維表面進(jìn)行能譜分析;考察摩擦、洗滌對(duì)棉織物疏水穩(wěn)定性的影響,建立具有較好耐用性的PPHGSQ納米顆粒處理棉織物的制備方法。研究發(fā)現(xiàn),使用最優(yōu)工藝制備的聚硅氧烷納米顆粒處理的棉織物接觸角為164.5°。經(jīng)800次機(jī)械摩擦和10次家庭洗滌后,接觸角為135°和155°。
[Abstract]:Polysiloxane nanoparticles have been widely used in many fields because of their good heat resistance, weather resistance, physiological inertia and hydrophobicity. In this study, polysiloxane nanoparticles were prepared by sol-gel method and emulsion method using alkoxy silane as precursor, under the action of alcohol or water system and catalyst, and loaded on the surface of cotton fabric to prepare super hydrophobic cotton fabric. The epoxy polysiloxane nanoparticles were prepared by introducing 緯-(2o 3 epoxy propyl) propyl trimethoxysilane (GPTMS),) into the system. The hydrophobic durability of superhydrophobic surface was improved by covalent combination of epoxy and hydroxyl groups. Based on this, the main work of this paper is as follows: (1) using methyltrimethoxysilane (MTMS),) propyl trimethoxysilane (PTMS), GPTMS) as precursor, isopropanol as solvent, Polypropyl methyl epoxy siloxane (PPMGSQ) sol was prepared by sol-gel method. Non-solvent water was added to PPMGSQ sol to obtain phase separation PPMGSQ sol. A super hydrophobic cotton fabric with a certain hydrophobic durability was prepared by impregnating it with cotton fabric. The surface morphology of cotton fabric was observed by scanning electron microscope (SEM), the wettability of cotton fabric was detected by video optical contact angle measuring instrument, and the influence of precursor content on the hydrophobicity of cotton fabric was explored. The changes of surface morphology of cotton fabric after loading with PPMGSQ sol with water initiator phase separation were studied. The hydrophobic stability of super hydrophobic cotton fabric was investigated by friction and washing, and the preparation method of PPMGSQ phase separation sol was established. The results showed that stable phase separation PPMGSQ sol was obtained by adding proper amount of water to PPMGSQ sol, and the contact angle of treated cotton fabric was as high as 161 擄. After 800 times of mechanical friction and 10 times of home washing, the contact angle of cotton fabric was reduced to 141 擄and 145 擄, and the cotton fabric had hydrophobic friction resistance and washing resistance. (2) PTMS was used as precursor. Cetyltrimethoxysilane (HDTMS) and GPTMS were used as modifiers to prepare (PPHGSQ) nanoparticles by water emulsion method. The effects of stirring rate, surfactant, ammonia and modifier on emulsion stability and particle size of polysiloxane nanoparticles were investigated. The polysiloxane nanoparticles were loaded on the surface of cotton fabric by impregnation and rolling, and the cotton fabric with good hydrophobicity was obtained. The surface morphology of cotton fabric was observed by scanning electron microscope (SEM), and the fiber surface was analyzed by energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS). The effect of friction and washing on the hydrophobic stability of cotton fabric was investigated and the preparation method of cotton fabric treated with PPHGSQ nanoparticles with good durability was established. It was found that the contact angle of cotton fabric treated with polysiloxane nanoparticles was 164.5 擄. After 800 times of mechanical friction and 10 times of home washing, the contact angles were 135 擄and 155 擄.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：陜西科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：TS195.5;TB383.1

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