【摘要】：潤濕性是固體表面的重要性質之一,也是決定材料應用價值的重要性質。表面潤濕性與表面化學組成和表面微觀結構密切相關。超疏水超親水可逆轉換表面由于其獨特的性能,在自清潔、生物材料、傳感器、噴墨印刷、智能微流體、可控藥物傳輸和芯片實驗等方面的應用前景,吸引了國內外廣泛的關注。ZnO因其與眾不同的物理和化學性質成為構建功能電子器件的理想材料之一。ZnO的特性和性能隨它的形狀、尺寸、生長方向和密度而改變。因此,開發(fā)制備可控形貌ZnO的實驗方法對于開闊其應用潛力是非常必要的。智能可控潤濕性及形貌的薄膜表面在化學、生物、電子和微流體應用方面可能有應用前景。主要研究內容及創(chuàng)新性結果如下:(1)通過鹽酸刻蝕、電沉積ZnO薄膜和退火處理成功制備具有微納米復合結構的超疏水表面。在電壓-1.25 V下電沉積900 s,然后200°C下退火60 min可在鋅基底上制備得到最優(yōu)化超疏水表面,其最大接觸角達170±2°并具備超低的滾動角約0°。通過SEM和CA結果分析,我們發(fā)現(xiàn)樣品表面的形貌和潤濕性可以通過制備過程控制。在不同的電化學實驗條件下制備的樣品(包括5 mM~40 mM Zn(CH3COO)2,300s~1500 s電沉積時間)都具備超疏水性。詳盡地研究了刻蝕時間、Zn(CH3COO)2溶液濃度、電沉積時間、退溫度和退火時間對表面潤濕性行為的影響。(2)采用接觸角測量儀(CA)、X射線衍射儀(XRD)、X射線光電子能譜儀(XPS)以及掃描電子顯微鏡(SEM)對超疏水表面的潤濕性、化學組成和形貌進行表征,探索超疏水表面的反應機理和超疏水原理。(3)對超疏水表面進行了環(huán)境穩(wěn)定性和電化學測試。實驗結果表明,超疏水表面具備優(yōu)良的環(huán)境穩(wěn)定性、自清潔能力和抗腐蝕能力。此外,研究了ZnO超疏水表面的防冰凍能力。此種表面薄膜可通過紫外照射和黑暗環(huán)境放置或者退火交替處理實現(xiàn)超疏水超親水快速可逆轉換。
[Abstract]:Wettability is one of the important properties of solid surface, and it also determines the application value of materials. Surface wettability is closely related to surface chemical composition and surface microstructure. The superhydrophobic super-hydrophilic reversible conversion surface, due to its unique properties, has a wide range of applications in self-cleaning, biomaterials, sensors, inkjet printing, intelligent microfluids, controllable drug transport and chip experiments. ZnO is one of the ideal materials for building functional electronic devices because of its unique physical and chemical properties. The characteristics and properties of ZnO vary with its shape, size, growth direction and density. Therefore, it is necessary to develop an experimental method for the preparation of controllable morphologies ZnO in order to broaden its application potential. Intelligent controllable wettability and morphology of the film surface in chemical, biological, electronic and microfluid applications may have a bright future. The main research contents and innovative results are as follows: (1) the superhydrophobic surface with micro / nano composite structure was successfully prepared by hydrochloric acid etching electrodeposition of ZnO thin films and annealing. The optimized superhydrophobic surface can be prepared on zinc substrate at -1.25 V for 900s and then annealed at 200 擄C for 60 min. The maximum contact angle is 170 鹵2 擄and the rolling angle is about 0 擄. By SEM and CA analysis, we found that the surface morphology and wettability of the samples can be controlled by the preparation process. The samples prepared under different electrochemical conditions (including 5 mM~40 mM Zn (CH3COO) 2300s~1500 s electrodeposition time were superhydrophobic. The effects of etch time, Zn (CH3COO) 2 solution concentration, electrodeposition time, annealing temperature and annealing time on the wettability of the surface were investigated in detail. (2) the contact angle measurement (CA), X ray diffractometer (XRD),) was used to measure the wettability of the surface. The wettability, chemical composition and morphology of superhydrophobic surface were characterized by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and scanning electron microscope (SEM). The reaction mechanism and superhydrophobic principle of superhydrophobic surface were explored. (3) the environmental stability and electrochemical test of superhydrophobic surface were carried out. The experimental results show that the superhydrophobic surface has excellent environmental stability, self-cleaning ability and corrosion resistance. In addition, the freezing resistance of ZnO superhydrophobic surface was studied. The superhydrophobic superhydrophilic and hydrophilic fast reversible conversion can be realized by UV irradiation, dark environment placement or annealing alternately.
【學位授予單位】：北京理工大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：TB383.2

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