納米TiCp、SiCp增強(qiáng)2014Al復(fù)合材料制備與復(fù)合構(gòu)型設(shè)計(jì)
發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-11-07 13:53
【摘要】：納米顆粒增強(qiáng)鋁基復(fù)合材料因其優(yōu)異的力學(xué)性能而受到越來(lái)越多的關(guān)注，但是它的制備仍然存在諸如增強(qiáng)顆粒分散均勻性等許多亟待解決的問(wèn)題。合理的陶瓷顆粒加入量可以減少納米顆粒的團(tuán)聚現(xiàn)象，進(jìn)而使復(fù)合材料獲得優(yōu)異的綜合性能。因此，優(yōu)化出合理的納米顆粒加入量對(duì)鋁基復(fù)合材料制備具有重要意義。此外，人們還從生物仿生角度來(lái)設(shè)計(jì)顆粒增強(qiáng)鋁基復(fù)合材料，基于貝殼結(jié)構(gòu)的仿生材料因其優(yōu)異的綜合性能而具有廣泛的應(yīng)用前景，但是該方面的研究依然較少。 本文利用粉末燒結(jié)法制備了納米TiCp增強(qiáng)2014Al復(fù)合材料，研究了納米TiCp含量對(duì)復(fù)合材料組織和拉伸性能的影響規(guī)律，優(yōu)化出了TiCp最佳加入量。同時(shí)，受到貝殼結(jié)構(gòu)的啟發(fā)，我們還嘗試通過(guò)軋制法制備了兩種層狀鋁基復(fù)合材料，研究了層狀鋁基復(fù)合材料的組織和拉伸性能，并優(yōu)化了制備工藝。主要結(jié)論如下： (1)粉末冶金法制備的TiCp/2014Al復(fù)合材料組織致密、氣孔率較低，納米TiCp呈網(wǎng)狀分布；隨著納米TiCp加入量從0vol.%增加到5vol.%，晶界處的納米TiCp團(tuán)聚變得嚴(yán)重，復(fù)合材料的孔隙率也會(huì)變高；TiCp/2014Al復(fù)合材料熱擠壓后，材料更加致密，氣孔率減小，復(fù)合材料中納米TiCp分布更加均勻，并且沿著擠壓方向分布。 (2)隨著納米TiCp加入量從0vol.%增加到5vol.%，TiCp/2014Al復(fù)合材料的室溫極限抗拉強(qiáng)度先增大后減小，延伸率逐漸減��；納米TiCp較佳加入量為3vol.%，此時(shí)復(fù)合材料的屈服強(qiáng)度和極限抗拉強(qiáng)度分別由合金基體的290MPa和455MPa提高到320MPa和509MPa，延伸率則由18.0%降低到16.5%。 (3)運(yùn)用粉末冶金法和軋制法制備了SiCp/2014Al三明治復(fù)合材料；與2014Al基體相比，三明治復(fù)合材料的室溫和高溫極抗拉強(qiáng)度都得到提高，延伸率有所下降；在室溫拉伸時(shí)，構(gòu)型C(復(fù)合材料層厚:基體層厚:復(fù)合材料層厚=1:1:1)三明治復(fù)合材料具有較佳的綜合拉伸性能，屈服強(qiáng)度和極限抗拉強(qiáng)度分別由基體的257MPa和425MPa提高到287MPa和470MPa，，延伸率則從20.3%下降到18.6%；在200℃拉伸時(shí)，構(gòu)型E(基體層厚:復(fù)合材料層厚:基體層厚=1:4:1)三明治復(fù)合材料具有較佳的綜合拉伸性能，屈服強(qiáng)度和極限抗拉強(qiáng)度分由基體的237MPa和305MPa提高到271MPa和326MPa，延伸率由21.8%下降到16.9%。 (4)運(yùn)用累積疊軋法和燒結(jié)法制備了TiCp/1060Al多層復(fù)合材料，隨著軋制變形量增加，1060Al多層材料和TiCp/1060Al多層復(fù)合材料拉伸強(qiáng)度提高；當(dāng)在鋁箔表面涂覆適量Cu粉并且提高燒結(jié)溫度后，1060Al多層材料和TiCp/1060Al多層復(fù)合材料的屈服強(qiáng)度和極限抗拉強(qiáng)度得到較大提高；當(dāng)軋制變形量為90%、燒結(jié)溫度為525℃，TiCp/1060Al多層復(fù)合材料的屈服強(qiáng)度和極限抗拉強(qiáng)度較佳，分別由基體的113MPa和141MPa提高到134MPa和158MPa，延伸率則從12.2%下降到10.7%。
[Abstract]:Nano-particle reinforced aluminum matrix composites have attracted more and more attention due to their excellent mechanical properties. However, there are still many problems to be solved in the preparation of nano-particle reinforced aluminum matrix composites, such as enhancing the dispersion uniformity of particles. Reasonable addition of ceramic particles can reduce the agglomeration of nano-particles and make the composites obtain excellent comprehensive properties. Therefore, it is of great significance to optimize the amount of nano-particles in the preparation of Al-matrix composites. In addition, particle reinforced aluminum matrix composites are designed from the biomimetic point of view. Because of their excellent comprehensive properties, shell structure biomimetic materials have a wide application prospect, but the research in this field is still less. In this paper, nanometer TiCp reinforced 2014Al composites were prepared by powder sintering method. The effect of TiCp content on the microstructure and tensile properties of the composites was studied. The optimum addition amount of TiCp was optimized. At the same time, inspired by shell structure, we also tried to prepare two kinds of layered aluminum matrix composites by rolling method. The microstructure and tensile properties of layered aluminum matrix composites were studied, and the preparation process was optimized. The main conclusions are as follows: (1) TiCp/2014Al composites prepared by powder metallurgy have dense microstructure and low porosity, and TiCp nanoparticles are reticulated; With the increase of nano TiCp content from 0 vol.% to 5 vol.%, the agglomeration of nano TiCp at grain boundary becomes serious, and the porosity of the composite becomes higher. After hot extrusion, the TiCp/2014Al composites became denser, the porosity decreased, and the distribution of nano-TiCp in the composites was more uniform and distributed along the extrusion direction. (2) with the increase of nano TiCp content from 0 vol.% to 5 vol.%, the ultimate tensile strength of TiCp / 2014Al composites at room temperature first increases and then decreases, and the elongation decreases gradually; The yield strength and ultimate tensile strength of the composites were increased from 290MPa and 455MPa to 320MPa and 509MPa, respectively, and the elongation decreased from 18.0% to 16.5 MPA. (3) the SiCp/2014Al sandwich composites were prepared by powder metallurgy and rolling, and the tensile strength at room temperature and high temperature of the sandwich composites increased and the elongation decreased compared with the 2014Al matrix. At room temperature, the composite sandwich C (composite layer thickness: Matrix layer thickness: composite layer thickness = 1:1:1) has better comprehensive tensile properties. The yield strength and ultimate tensile strength increased from 257MPa and 425MPa to 287MPa and 470 MPA, respectively, and the elongation decreased from 20.3% to 18.6 MPA. When tensile temperature was 200 鈩
本文編號(hào)：2316563
[Abstract]:Nano-particle reinforced aluminum matrix composites have attracted more and more attention due to their excellent mechanical properties. However, there are still many problems to be solved in the preparation of nano-particle reinforced aluminum matrix composites, such as enhancing the dispersion uniformity of particles. Reasonable addition of ceramic particles can reduce the agglomeration of nano-particles and make the composites obtain excellent comprehensive properties. Therefore, it is of great significance to optimize the amount of nano-particles in the preparation of Al-matrix composites. In addition, particle reinforced aluminum matrix composites are designed from the biomimetic point of view. Because of their excellent comprehensive properties, shell structure biomimetic materials have a wide application prospect, but the research in this field is still less. In this paper, nanometer TiCp reinforced 2014Al composites were prepared by powder sintering method. The effect of TiCp content on the microstructure and tensile properties of the composites was studied. The optimum addition amount of TiCp was optimized. At the same time, inspired by shell structure, we also tried to prepare two kinds of layered aluminum matrix composites by rolling method. The microstructure and tensile properties of layered aluminum matrix composites were studied, and the preparation process was optimized. The main conclusions are as follows: (1) TiCp/2014Al composites prepared by powder metallurgy have dense microstructure and low porosity, and TiCp nanoparticles are reticulated; With the increase of nano TiCp content from 0 vol.% to 5 vol.%, the agglomeration of nano TiCp at grain boundary becomes serious, and the porosity of the composite becomes higher. After hot extrusion, the TiCp/2014Al composites became denser, the porosity decreased, and the distribution of nano-TiCp in the composites was more uniform and distributed along the extrusion direction. (2) with the increase of nano TiCp content from 0 vol.% to 5 vol.%, the ultimate tensile strength of TiCp / 2014Al composites at room temperature first increases and then decreases, and the elongation decreases gradually; The yield strength and ultimate tensile strength of the composites were increased from 290MPa and 455MPa to 320MPa and 509MPa, respectively, and the elongation decreased from 18.0% to 16.5 MPA. (3) the SiCp/2014Al sandwich composites were prepared by powder metallurgy and rolling, and the tensile strength at room temperature and high temperature of the sandwich composites increased and the elongation decreased compared with the 2014Al matrix. At room temperature, the composite sandwich C (composite layer thickness: Matrix layer thickness: composite layer thickness = 1:1:1) has better comprehensive tensile properties. The yield strength and ultimate tensile strength increased from 257MPa and 425MPa to 287MPa and 470 MPA, respectively, and the elongation decreased from 20.3% to 18.6 MPA. When tensile temperature was 200 鈩
本文編號(hào)：2316563
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