【摘要】：利用ZnO作為模板來制備微納結(jié)構(gòu)薄膜,是一種非常優(yōu)秀的制備方法,具有諸多的優(yōu)點。同時也存在著很多問題,如何使用ZnO模板法來制備不同材料的各種各樣的微納結(jié)構(gòu)薄膜,從而得到所需的性能,一直是科學(xué)研究的熱點方向。本論文將致力于利用ZnO為模板制備新穎的微納結(jié)構(gòu)薄膜材料,并研究其特有的性質(zhì),主要有以下幾個部分： (1)模板法制備階層多孔金膜并研究其電化學(xué)性質(zhì) 通過在ZnO納米棒模板上溶劑蒸發(fā)沉積金納米顆粒,隨后將模板去除的方法構(gòu)建了三維階層多孔金膜修飾電極。溶液中鹽的濃度可以改變階層多孔結(jié)構(gòu)中微孔的利用率,從而得到一個鹽濃度調(diào)控的界面電容。像這類關(guān)于階層多孔金膜修飾電極的電化學(xué)性質(zhì)的基礎(chǔ)研究在催化和傳感領(lǐng)域有著極其重要的潛在應(yīng)用。 (2)模板法制備大內(nèi)徑碳納米管薄膜 利用聚多巴胺(PDA)為碳源,ZnO納米棒為模板首次成功的制備了大面積任意基底生長的大內(nèi)徑碳納米管陣列薄膜。利用過硫酸銨誘導(dǎo)多巴胺在中性溶液中聚合,首次無損的將聚多巴胺成功的包覆在了ZnO納米棒上。得到的CNTs是氮摻雜的壁厚可控的具有六方形貌的中空結(jié)構(gòu),且CNTs薄膜可以制備在各種固體基底上。這種制備方法可以發(fā)展成一種在各種固體材料土制具有更復(fù)雜形貌的中空碳納米結(jié)構(gòu)的通用手段。 (3)管狀陣列的金納米顆粒-碳復(fù)合材料催化劑薄膜的制備 基于聚多巴胺的模板碳化,提出了一種簡單靈巧的方法來制備內(nèi)嵌高密度金納米顆粒(AuNPs)勺多孔大內(nèi)徑碳納米管(BIDI-CNTs)陣列薄膜。模板/AuNPs/碳復(fù)合材料所形成的微觀結(jié)構(gòu)可以保護(hù)內(nèi)嵌的高密度AuNPs對抗劇烈的燒結(jié)。內(nèi)嵌AuNPs的BIDI-CNTs制備成固體薄膜的形式可以很容易且迅速的從反應(yīng)體系中分離出來,對于對硝基苯酚的還原具有很高的催化活性、穩(wěn)定性和重復(fù)使用性。這種方法有望推廣為制備內(nèi)嵌其他納米顆粒的BIDI-CNTs,用來大面積合成納米反應(yīng)器陣列薄膜。
[Abstract]:It is an excellent preparation method to use ZnO as a template to prepare micro / nano structure thin films, which has many advantages. At the same time, there are many problems, how to use ZnO template method to fabricate various kinds of micro-nano structure thin films of different materials, so as to obtain the required properties, has been a hot topic in scientific research. In this thesis, ZnO is used as a template to fabricate novel micro / nano structure thin films, and its unique properties are studied. The main contents are as follows: (1) the layered porous gold films were prepared by template method and their electrochemical properties were studied. The gold nanoparticles were deposited by solvent evaporation on ZnO nanorod templates. Then the template removal method was used to construct a three-dimensional porous gold film modified electrode. The concentration of salt in the solution can change the utilization rate of micropores in the hierarchical porous structure, thus an interface capacitance controlled by the concentration of salt can be obtained. Basic studies on electrochemical properties of layered porous gold film modified electrodes have important potential applications in catalysis and sensing fields. (2) the large diameter carbon nanotubes (CNTs) thin films grown on arbitrary substrates were successfully prepared by template method using polydopamine (PDA) as carbon source and ZnO nanorods as template for the first time. Using ammonium persulfate to induce the polymerization of dopamine in neutral solution, the polydopamine was successfully coated on ZnO nanorods for the first time without damage. The obtained CNTs is a hexagonal hollow structure with controllable wall thickness, and CNTs thin films can be prepared on various solid substrates. This preparation method can be developed into a common method for hollow carbon nanostructures with more complex morphology in various solid materials. (3) preparation of tubular array gold nanoparticles / carbon composite film based on template carbonization of polydopamine. A simple and dexterous method is proposed to fabricate porous large inner diameter carbon nanotubes (BIDI-CNTs) array films embedded in high density gold nanoparticles (AuNPs). The microstructure of the template / AuNPs/ carbon composites can protect the embedded high density AuNPs from intense sintering. The solid film prepared by BIDI-CNTs embedded in AuNPs can be easily and rapidly separated from the reaction system, and has high catalytic activity, stability and reusability for the reduction of p-nitrophenol. This method is expected to be widely used to prepare BIDI-CNTs, embedded in other nanoparticles for large area synthesis of nanoreactor array films.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：北京科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TB383.2;O614.241

【共引文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前10條

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