基于復(fù)合鹽—堿法制備硒化物半導(dǎo)體納米材料及其相關(guān)性能研究
發(fā)布時間：2018-10-25 20:32
【摘要】：Zn Se,Ni Se2,Pb Se是三種重要的硒化物半導(dǎo)體光電材料,有一系列優(yōu)異的物理和化學(xué)性能,并且都屬于直接帶隙半導(dǎo)體,在光電子納米器件和醫(yī)學(xué)領(lǐng)域有廣闊的應(yīng)用前景。因此,本文采用一種特殊的溶劑熱法系統(tǒng)地摸索并且成功掌握了這三種硒化物微納米材料的合成技術(shù),實現(xiàn)對晶體結(jié)構(gòu)、維度、微觀形貌的調(diào)控,并深入研究了他們的光學(xué)性質(zhì),主要研究內(nèi)容包括:利用復(fù)合熔融鹽-堿媒介(SACM)法成功制備了片狀的Zn Se微納米材料,所謂復(fù)合熔融鹽-堿媒介法就是采用熔融的鹽和堿作為反應(yīng)溶劑代替?zhèn)鹘y(tǒng)的水或者有機溶劑,在低溫條件下通過化學(xué)反應(yīng)合成納米材料。本實驗研究了不同影響因素對產(chǎn)物的形貌和尺寸的影響,并且提出了Zn Se在復(fù)合鹽-堿體系中的生長機理。通過產(chǎn)物的紫外光譜算出它的能帶帶隙大約為3.25e V,故我們選用紫外光進行了一系列的光催化降解實驗。實驗表明,在低功率紫外光照條件下,樣品的光催化降解效率最高可達到87.32%。在復(fù)合熔融鹽-堿媒介(SACM)法的基礎(chǔ)上,我們又成功合成了兩種不同元素比例的八面體結(jié)構(gòu)的硒化鎳(Ni Se2/Ni0.85Se)納米材料。實驗也探討了反應(yīng)時間和水量對產(chǎn)物形貌的變化,并采用XRD、EDS和SEM分析。對此我們也提出了產(chǎn)物的形成機理以及產(chǎn)物發(fā)生轉(zhuǎn)變的過程分析。通過兩種不同硒化鎳的紫外光譜計算它們的能帶帶隙大約為1.47e V和1.75e V。本實驗還研究了Ni Se2納米八面體在不同的介質(zhì)中的電化學(xué)性能,測定了其CV曲線。實驗表明,Ni Se2在堿性的Na OH溶液里的電化學(xué)活性比在中性的KNO3溶液里要好而且CV曲線重復(fù)性良好,所以產(chǎn)物具有很好的重復(fù)利用性。Pb Se納米粒子是典型的窄禁帶寬度(Eg=0.27 e V at 300 K)的IV-VI族半導(dǎo)體納米晶材料。我們利用復(fù)合熔融鹽媒介(CMS)法和復(fù)合熔融鹽-堿媒介(SACM)法成功合成了兩種不同形貌的Pb Se納米材料。通過SEM和TEM分析,我們提出了Pb Se在不同體系中的生長機理,探討了立方結(jié)構(gòu)Pb Se形成的原因。
[Abstract]:Zn Se,Ni Se2,Pb Se is one of the three important selenide semiconductor optoelectronic materials. It has a series of excellent physical and chemical properties and belongs to direct band gap semiconductor. It has a broad application prospect in the field of photoelectron nanodevices and medicine. Therefore, in this paper, a special solvothermal method is used to explore and successfully master the synthesis technology of these three kinds of selenides, which can control the crystal structure, dimension and morphology. Their optical properties were studied in depth. The main research contents were as follows: the flake Zn Se micro-nano materials were successfully prepared by the (SACM) method of composite molten salt-alkali medium. The so-called complex melt salt-alkali medium method is to use molten salt and alkali as reaction solvent instead of traditional water or organic solvent to synthesize nanomaterials by chemical reaction at low temperature. The effects of different factors on the morphology and size of the product were studied, and the growth mechanism of Zn Se in the complex salt-alkali system was proposed. The band gap of the product was estimated to be about 3.25e V by UV spectra, so we selected ultraviolet light for a series of photocatalytic degradation experiments. The experimental results show that the photocatalytic degradation efficiency of the sample is up to 87.32 kW under low power UV irradiation. On the basis of (SACM) method of complex molten salt and alkali medium, two kinds of Ni Se2/Ni0.85Se nanomaterials with octahedron structure with different proportion of elements have been successfully synthesized. The changes of reaction time and amount of water on the morphology of the product were also investigated and analyzed by XRD,EDS and SEM. We also put forward the formation mechanism of the product and the process analysis of the product transformation. The band gaps of two kinds of nickel selenide are estimated to be 1.47 EV and 1.75 EV by UV spectra. The electrochemical properties of Ni Se2 nanooctahedron in different media were also studied and its CV curves were measured. The results show that the electrochemical activity of Ni Se2 in alkaline Na OH solution is better than that in neutral KNO3 solution, and the CV curve is reproducible. So the. Pb Se nanoparticles with good reusability are typical IV-VI semiconductor nanocrystalline materials with narrow band gap (Eg=0.27 e V at 300K). We have successfully synthesized two kinds of Pb Se nanomaterials with different morphologies by (CMS) method and (SACM) method. Through the analysis of SEM and TEM, we put forward the growth mechanism of Pb Se in different systems, and discussed the reason of the formation of cubic Pb Se.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國礦業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TB383.1
本文編號：2294764
[Abstract]:Zn Se,Ni Se2,Pb Se is one of the three important selenide semiconductor optoelectronic materials. It has a series of excellent physical and chemical properties and belongs to direct band gap semiconductor. It has a broad application prospect in the field of photoelectron nanodevices and medicine. Therefore, in this paper, a special solvothermal method is used to explore and successfully master the synthesis technology of these three kinds of selenides, which can control the crystal structure, dimension and morphology. Their optical properties were studied in depth. The main research contents were as follows: the flake Zn Se micro-nano materials were successfully prepared by the (SACM) method of composite molten salt-alkali medium. The so-called complex melt salt-alkali medium method is to use molten salt and alkali as reaction solvent instead of traditional water or organic solvent to synthesize nanomaterials by chemical reaction at low temperature. The effects of different factors on the morphology and size of the product were studied, and the growth mechanism of Zn Se in the complex salt-alkali system was proposed. The band gap of the product was estimated to be about 3.25e V by UV spectra, so we selected ultraviolet light for a series of photocatalytic degradation experiments. The experimental results show that the photocatalytic degradation efficiency of the sample is up to 87.32 kW under low power UV irradiation. On the basis of (SACM) method of complex molten salt and alkali medium, two kinds of Ni Se2/Ni0.85Se nanomaterials with octahedron structure with different proportion of elements have been successfully synthesized. The changes of reaction time and amount of water on the morphology of the product were also investigated and analyzed by XRD,EDS and SEM. We also put forward the formation mechanism of the product and the process analysis of the product transformation. The band gaps of two kinds of nickel selenide are estimated to be 1.47 EV and 1.75 EV by UV spectra. The electrochemical properties of Ni Se2 nanooctahedron in different media were also studied and its CV curves were measured. The results show that the electrochemical activity of Ni Se2 in alkaline Na OH solution is better than that in neutral KNO3 solution, and the CV curve is reproducible. So the. Pb Se nanoparticles with good reusability are typical IV-VI semiconductor nanocrystalline materials with narrow band gap (Eg=0.27 e V at 300K). We have successfully synthesized two kinds of Pb Se nanomaterials with different morphologies by (CMS) method and (SACM) method. Through the analysis of SEM and TEM, we put forward the growth mechanism of Pb Se in different systems, and discussed the reason of the formation of cubic Pb Se.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國礦業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TB383.1
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